linux安装docker

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已于 2022-09-14 20:19:12 修改

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分类专栏： linux 文章标签： docker linux 容器

于 2022-09-13 22:43:13 首次发布

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/qq_44659804/article/details/126842444

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linux安装docker

安装docker

安装docker

关闭防火墙和selinux

安装工具包

[root@docker ~]# yum -y install yum-utils
已加载插件：fastestmirror
源 'zgf' 在配置文件中未指定名字，使用标识代替
Determining fastest mirrors
zgf                                                                                                                                    | 3.6 kB  00:00:00
正在解决依赖关系
--> 正在检查事务
---> 软件包 yum-utils.noarch.0.1.1.31-45.el7 将被 安装
--> 正在处理依赖关系 python-kitchen，它被软件包 yum-utils-1.1.31-45.el7.noarch 需要
--> 正在检查事务
---> 软件包 python-kitchen.noarch.0.1.1.1-5.el7 将被 安装
--> 正在处理依赖关系 python-chardet，它被软件包 python-kitchen-1.1.1-5.el7.noarch 需要
--> 正在检查事务
---> 软件包 python-chardet.noarch.0.2.2.1-1.el7_1 将被 安装
--> 解决依赖关系完成

依赖关系解决

==============================================================================================================================================================
 Package                                   架构                              版本                                        源                              大小
==============================================================================================================================================================
正在安装:
 yum-utils                                 noarch                            1.1.31-45.el7                               zgf                            119 k
为依赖而安装:
 python-chardet                            noarch                            2.2.1-1.el7_1                               zgf                            227 k
 python-kitchen                            noarch                            1.1.1-5.el7                                 zgf                            267 k

事务概要
==============================================================================================================================================================
安装  1 软件包 (+2 依赖软件包)

总下载量：613 k
安装大小：2.8 M
Downloading packages:
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
总计                                                                                                                          532 kB/s | 613 kB  00:00:01
Running transaction check
Running transaction test
Transaction test succeeded
Running transaction
  正在安装    : python-chardet-2.2.1-1.el7_1.noarch                                                                                                       1/3
  正在安装    : python-kitchen-1.1.1-5.el7.noarch                                                                                                         2/3
  正在安装    : yum-utils-1.1.31-45.el7.noarch                                                                                                            3/3
  验证中      : yum-utils-1.1.31-45.el7.noarch                                                                                                            1/3
  验证中      : python-chardet-2.2.1-1.el7_1.noarch                                                                                                       2/3
  验证中      : python-kitchen-1.1.1-5.el7.noarch                                                                                                         3/3

已安装:
  yum-utils.noarch 0:1.1.31-45.el7

作为依赖被安装:
  python-chardet.noarch 0:2.2.1-1.el7_1                                          python-kitchen.noarch 0:1.1.1-5.el7

完毕！

配置docker软件包的地址（此处为阿里云的docker镜像）

[root@docker ~]# yum-config-manager --add-repo https://mirrors.aliyun.com/docker-ce/linux/centos/docker-ce.repo
已加载插件：fastestmirror
源 'zgf' 在配置文件中未指定名字，使用标识代替
adding repo from: https://mirrors.aliyun.com/docker-ce/linux/centos/docker-ce.repo
grabbing file https://mirrors.aliyun.com/docker-ce/linux/centos/docker-ce.repo to /etc/yum.repos.d/docker-ce.repo
repo saved to /etc/yum.repos.d/docker-ce.repo

安装docker（此处报错）

[root@docker ~]# yum -y install docker-ce docker-ce-cli containerd.io
已加载插件：fastestmirror
源 'zgf' 在配置文件中未指定名字，使用标识代替
Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile
docker-ce-stable                                                                                                                       | 3.5 kB  00:00:00
(1/2): docker-ce-stable/7/x86_64/primary_db                                                                                            |  82 kB  00:00:00
(2/2): docker-ce-stable/7/x86_64/updateinfo                                                                                            |   55 B  00:00:00
正在解决依赖关系
--> 正在检查事务
---> 软件包 containerd.io.x86_64.0.1.6.8-3.1.el7 将被 安装
--> 正在处理依赖关系 container-selinux >= 2:2.74，它被软件包 containerd.io-1.6.8-3.1.el7.x86_64 需要
---> 软件包 docker-ce.x86_64.3.20.10.18-3.el7 将被 安装
--> 正在处理依赖关系 container-selinux >= 2:2.74，它被软件包 3:docker-ce-20.10.18-3.el7.x86_64 需要
--> 正在处理依赖关系 docker-ce-rootless-extras，它被软件包 3:docker-ce-20.10.18-3.el7.x86_64 需要
--> 正在处理依赖关系 libcgroup，它被软件包 3:docker-ce-20.10.18-3.el7.x86_64 需要
---> 软件包 docker-ce-cli.x86_64.1.20.10.18-3.el7 将被 安装
--> 正在处理依赖关系 docker-scan-plugin(x86-64)，它被软件包 1:docker-ce-cli-20.10.18-3.el7.x86_64 需要
--> 正在检查事务
---> 软件包 containerd.io.x86_64.0.1.6.8-3.1.el7 将被 安装
--> 正在处理依赖关系 container-selinux >= 2:2.74，它被软件包 containerd.io-1.6.8-3.1.el7.x86_64 需要
---> 软件包 docker-ce.x86_64.3.20.10.18-3.el7 将被 安装
--> 正在处理依赖关系 container-selinux >= 2:2.74，它被软件包 3:docker-ce-20.10.18-3.el7.x86_64 需要
---> 软件包 docker-ce-rootless-extras.x86_64.0.20.10.18-3.el7 将被 安装
--> 正在处理依赖关系 fuse-overlayfs >= 0.7，它被软件包 docker-ce-rootless-extras-20.10.18-3.el7.x86_64 需要
--> 正在处理依赖关系 slirp4netns >= 0.4，它被软件包 docker-ce-rootless-extras-20.10.18-3.el7.x86_64 需要
---> 软件包 docker-scan-plugin.x86_64.0.0.17.0-3.el7 将被 安装
---> 软件包 libcgroup.x86_64.0.0.41-15.el7 将被 安装
--> 解决依赖关系完成
错误：软件包：containerd.io-1.6.8-3.1.el7.x86_64 (docker-ce-stable)
          需要：container-selinux >= 2:2.74
错误：软件包：docker-ce-rootless-extras-20.10.18-3.el7.x86_64 (docker-ce-stable)
          需要：fuse-overlayfs >= 0.7
错误：软件包：3:docker-ce-20.10.18-3.el7.x86_64 (docker-ce-stable)
          需要：container-selinux >= 2:2.74
错误：软件包：docker-ce-rootless-extras-20.10.18-3.el7.x86_64 (docker-ce-stable)
          需要：slirp4netns >= 0.4
 您可以尝试添加 --skip-broken 选项来解决该问题
 您可以尝试执行：rpm -Va --nofiles --nodigest

解决安装出错

这个报错是container-selinux版本低或者是没安装的原因
yum 安装container-selinux 一般的yum源又找不到这个包
需要安装epel源才能yum安装container-selinux

下载安装epel源

安装wget

[root@docker ~]# yum provides wget
已加载插件：fastestmirror
源 'zgf' 在配置文件中未指定名字，使用标识代替
Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile
wget-1.14-15.el7_4.1.x86_64 : A utility for retrieving files using the HTTP or FTP protocols
源    ：zgf



[root@docker ~]# yum -y install wget-1.14-15.el7_4.1.x86_64
已加载插件：fastestmirror
源 'zgf' 在配置文件中未指定名字，使用标识代替
Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile
正在解决依赖关系
--> 正在检查事务
---> 软件包 wget.x86_64.0.1.14-15.el7_4.1 将被 安装
--> 解决依赖关系完成

依赖关系解决

==============================================================================================================================================================
 Package                           架构                                版本                                            源                                大小
==============================================================================================================================================================
正在安装:
 wget                              x86_64                              1.14-15.el7_4.1                                 zgf                              547 k

事务概要
==============================================================================================================================================================
安装  1 软件包

总下载量：547 k
安装大小：2.0 M
Downloading packages:
Running transaction check
Running transaction test
Transaction test succeeded
Running transaction
  正在安装    : wget-1.14-15.el7_4.1.x86_64                                                                                                               1/1
  验证中      : wget-1.14-15.el7_4.1.x86_64                                                                                                               1/1

已安装:
  wget.x86_64 0:1.14-15.el7_4.1

完毕！

下载epel源

https://mirrors.aliyun.com/repo/Centos-7.repo和http://mirrors.aliyun.com/repo/Centos-7.repo都可以。（此处我下载了两个地址的epel源做测试，测试结束后删除了其中一个。）

[root@docker ~]# wget -O /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo https://mirrors.aliyun.com/repo/Centos-7.repo
--2022-09-13 21:30:15--  https://mirrors.aliyun.com/repo/Centos-7.repo
正在解析主机 mirrors.aliyun.com (mirrors.aliyun.com)... 27.221.120.238, 27.221.120.239, 27.221.120.243, ...
正在连接 mirrors.aliyun.com (mirrors.aliyun.com)|27.221.120.238|:443... 已连接。
已发出 HTTP 请求，正在等待回应... 200 OK
长度：2523 (2.5K) [application/octet-stream]
正在保存至: “/etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo”

100%[====================================================================================================================>] 2,523       --.-K/s 用时 0s

2022-09-13 21:30:15 (192 MB/s) - 已保存 “/etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo” [2523/2523])

[root@docker ~]# wget -O /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base02.repo http://mirrors.aliyun.com/repo/Centos-7.repo
--2022-09-13 21:30:54--  http://mirrors.aliyun.com/repo/Centos-7.repo
正在解析主机 mirrors.aliyun.com (mirrors.aliyun.com)... 27.221.120.241, 27.221.120.244, 27.221.120.238, ...
正在连接 mirrors.aliyun.com (mirrors.aliyun.com)|27.221.120.241|:80... 已连接。
已发出 HTTP 请求，正在等待回应... 200 OK
长度：2523 (2.5K) [application/octet-stream]
正在保存至: “/etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base02.repo”

100%[====================================================================================================================>] 2,523       --.-K/s 用时 0s

2022-09-13 21:30:55 (407 MB/s) - 已保存 “/etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base02.repo” [2523/2523])

[root@docker ~]# ls /etc/yum.repos.d/
CentOS-Base02.repo  CentOS-Base.repo  docker-ce.repo  zgf.repo
[root@docker ~]# rm -rf /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base02.repo
[root@docker ~]# ls /etc/yum.repos.d/
CentOS-Base.repo  docker-ce.repo  zgf.repo

安装epel源，安装container-selinux

yum -y install epel-release
yum makecache
yum -y install container-selinux

解决报错后再次安装docker

[root@docker ~]# yum -y install docker-ce docker-ce-cli containerd.io
已加载插件：fastestmirror
源 'zgf' 在配置文件中未指定名字，使用标识代替
Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile
 * base: mirrors.aliyun.com
 * epel: mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn
 * extras: mirrors.aliyun.com
 * updates: mirrors.aliyun.com
正在解决依赖关系
--> 正在检查事务
---> 软件包 containerd.io.x86_64.0.1.6.8-3.1.el7 将被 安装
---> 软件包 docker-ce.x86_64.3.20.10.18-3.el7 将被 安装
--> 正在处理依赖关系 docker-ce-rootless-extras，它被软件包 3:docker-ce-20.10.18-3.el7.x86_64 需要
---> 软件包 docker-ce-cli.x86_64.1.20.10.18-3.el7 将被 安装
--> 正在处理依赖关系 docker-scan-plugin(x86-64)，它被软件包 1:docker-ce-cli-20.10.18-3.el7.x86_64 需要
--> 正在检查事务
---> 软件包 docker-ce-rootless-extras.x86_64.0.20.10.18-3.el7 将被 安装
--> 正在处理依赖关系 fuse-overlayfs >= 0.7，它被软件包 docker-ce-rootless-extras-20.10.18-3.el7.x86_64 需要
--> 正在处理依赖关系 slirp4netns >= 0.4，它被软件包 docker-ce-rootless-extras-20.10.18-3.el7.x86_64 需要
---> 软件包 docker-scan-plugin.x86_64.0.0.17.0-3.el7 将被 安装
--> 正在检查事务
---> 软件包 fuse-overlayfs.x86_64.0.0.7.2-6.el7_8 将被 安装
--> 正在处理依赖关系 libfuse3.so.3(FUSE_3.2)(64bit)，它被软件包 fuse-overlayfs-0.7.2-6.el7_8.x86_64 需要
--> 正在处理依赖关系 libfuse3.so.3(FUSE_3.0)(64bit)，它被软件包 fuse-overlayfs-0.7.2-6.el7_8.x86_64 需要
--> 正在处理依赖关系 libfuse3.so.3()(64bit)，它被软件包 fuse-overlayfs-0.7.2-6.el7_8.x86_64 需要
---> 软件包 slirp4netns.x86_64.0.0.4.3-4.el7_8 将被 安装
--> 正在检查事务
---> 软件包 fuse3-libs.x86_64.0.3.6.1-4.el7 将被 安装
--> 解决依赖关系完成

依赖关系解决

==============================================================================================================================================================
 Package                                        架构                        版本                                  源                                     大小
==============================================================================================================================================================
正在安装:
 containerd.io                                  x86_64                      1.6.8-3.1.el7                         docker-ce-stable                       33 M
 docker-ce                                      x86_64                      3:20.10.18-3.el7                      docker-ce-stable                       22 M
 docker-ce-cli                                  x86_64                      1:20.10.18-3.el7                      docker-ce-stable                       30 M
为依赖而安装:
 docker-ce-rootless-extras                      x86_64                      20.10.18-3.el7                        docker-ce-stable                      8.5 M
 docker-scan-plugin                             x86_64                      0.17.0-3.el7                          docker-ce-stable                      3.7 M
 fuse-overlayfs                                 x86_64                      0.7.2-6.el7_8                         extras                                 54 k
 fuse3-libs                                     x86_64                      3.6.1-4.el7                           extras                                 82 k
 slirp4netns                                    x86_64                      0.4.3-4.el7_8                         extras                                 81 k

事务概要
==============================================================================================================================================================
安装  3 软件包 (+5 依赖软件包)

总下载量：97 M
安装大小：369 M
Downloading packages:
警告：/var/cache/yum/x86_64/7/docker-ce-stable/packages/docker-ce-20.10.18-3.el7.x86_64.rpm: 头V4 RSA/SHA512 Signature, 密钥 ID 621e9f35: NOKEY  00:00:11 ETA
docker-ce-20.10.18-3.el7.x86_64.rpm 的公钥尚未安装
(1/8): docker-ce-20.10.18-3.el7.x86_64.rpm                                                                                             |  22 MB  00:00:08
(2/8): containerd.io-1.6.8-3.1.el7.x86_64.rpm                                                                                          |  33 MB  00:00:13
(3/8): docker-ce-rootless-extras-20.10.18-3.el7.x86_64.rpm                                                                             | 8.5 MB  00:00:03
(4/8): fuse-overlayfs-0.7.2-6.el7_8.x86_64.rpm                                                                                         |  54 kB  00:00:00
(5/8): fuse3-libs-3.6.1-4.el7.x86_64.rpm                                                                                               |  82 kB  00:00:00
(6/8): slirp4netns-0.4.3-4.el7_8.x86_64.rpm                                                                                            |  81 kB  00:00:00
(7/8): docker-scan-plugin-0.17.0-3.el7.x86_64.rpm                                                                                      | 3.7 MB  00:00:01
(8/8): docker-ce-cli-20.10.18-3.el7.x86_64.rpm                                                                                         |  30 MB  00:00:09
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
总计                                                                                                                          5.3 MB/s |  97 MB  00:00:18
从 https://mirrors.aliyun.com/docker-ce/linux/centos/gpg 检索密钥
导入 GPG key 0x621E9F35:
 用户ID     : "Docker Release (CE rpm) <docker@docker.com>"
 指纹       : 060a 61c5 1b55 8a7f 742b 77aa c52f eb6b 621e 9f35
 来自       : https://mirrors.aliyun.com/docker-ce/linux/centos/gpg
Running transaction check
Running transaction test
Transaction test succeeded
Running transaction
  正在安装    : docker-scan-plugin-0.17.0-3.el7.x86_64                                                                                                    1/8
  正在安装    : 1:docker-ce-cli-20.10.18-3.el7.x86_64                                                                                                     2/8
  正在安装    : slirp4netns-0.4.3-4.el7_8.x86_64                                                                                                          3/8
  正在安装    : containerd.io-1.6.8-3.1.el7.x86_64                                                                                                        4/8
  正在安装    : fuse3-libs-3.6.1-4.el7.x86_64                                                                                                             5/8
  正在安装    : fuse-overlayfs-0.7.2-6.el7_8.x86_64                                                                                                       6/8
  正在安装    : 3:docker-ce-20.10.18-3.el7.x86_64                                                                                                         7/8
  正在安装    : docker-ce-rootless-extras-20.10.18-3.el7.x86_64                                                                                           8/8
  验证中      : fuse3-libs-3.6.1-4.el7.x86_64                                                                                                             1/8
  验证中      : containerd.io-1.6.8-3.1.el7.x86_64                                                                                                        2/8
  验证中      : docker-ce-rootless-extras-20.10.18-3.el7.x86_64                                                                                           3/8
  验证中      : fuse-overlayfs-0.7.2-6.el7_8.x86_64                                                                                                       4/8
  验证中      : 3:docker-ce-20.10.18-3.el7.x86_64                                                                                                         5/8
  验证中      : slirp4netns-0.4.3-4.el7_8.x86_64                                                                                                          6/8
  验证中      : 1:docker-ce-cli-20.10.18-3.el7.x86_64                                                                                                     7/8
  验证中      : docker-scan-plugin-0.17.0-3.el7.x86_64                                                                                                    8/8

已安装:
  containerd.io.x86_64 0:1.6.8-3.1.el7                 docker-ce.x86_64 3:20.10.18-3.el7                 docker-ce-cli.x86_64 1:20.10.18-3.el7

作为依赖被安装:
  docker-ce-rootless-extras.x86_64 0:20.10.18-3.el7          docker-scan-plugin.x86_64 0:0.17.0-3.el7          fuse-overlayfs.x86_64 0:0.7.2-6.el7_8
  fuse3-libs.x86_64 0:3.6.1-4.el7                            slirp4netns.x86_64 0:0.4.3-4.el7_8

完毕！

查看docker版本，默认安装最新版本

[root@docker ~]# docker -v
Docker version 20.10.18, build b40c2f6

也可以指定版本安装

查看dockers所有版本信息

[root@docker ~]# yum list docker-ce --showduplicates | sort -r
源 'zgf' 在配置文件中未指定名字，使用标识代替
已加载插件：fastestmirror
已安装的软件包
可安装的软件包
 * updates: mirrors.aliyun.com
Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile
 * extras: mirrors.aliyun.com
 * epel: mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn
docker-ce.x86_64            3:20.10.9-3.el7                    docker-ce-stable
docker-ce.x86_64            3:20.10.8-3.el7                    docker-ce-stable
docker-ce.x86_64            3:20.10.7-3.el7                    docker-ce-stable
docker-ce.x86_64            3:20.10.6-3.el7                    docker-ce-stable
docker-ce.x86_64            3:20.10.5-3.el7                    docker-ce-stable
docker-ce.x86_64            3:20.10.4-3.el7                    docker-ce-stable
docker-ce.x86_64            3:20.10.3-3.el7                    docker-ce-stable
docker-ce.x86_64            3:20.10.2-3.el7                    docker-ce-stable
docker-ce.x86_64            3:20.10.18-3.el7                   docker-ce-stable
docker-ce.x86_64            3:20.10.18-3.el7                   @docker-ce-stable
docker-ce.x86_64            3:20.10.17-3.el7                   docker-ce-stable
docker-ce.x86_64            3:20.10.16-3.el7                   docker-ce-stable
docker-ce.x86_64            3:20.10.15-3.el7                   docker-ce-stable
docker-ce.x86_64            3:20.10.14-3.el7                   docker-ce-stable
docker-ce.x86_64            3:20.10.1-3.el7                    docker-ce-stable
docker-ce.x86_64            3:20.10.13-3.el7                   docker-ce-stable
docker-ce.x86_64            3:20.10.12-3.el7                   docker-ce-stable
docker-ce.x86_64            3:20.10.11-3.el7                   docker-ce-stable
docker-ce.x86_64            3:20.10.10-3.el7                   docker-ce-stable
docker-ce.x86_64            3:20.10.0-3.el7                    docker-ce-stable
docker-ce.x86_64            3:19.03.9-3.el7                    docker-ce-stable
docker-ce.x86_64            3:19.03.8-3.el7                    docker-ce-stable
docker-ce.x86_64            3:19.03.7-3.el7                    docker-ce-stable
docker-ce.x86_64            3:19.03.6-3.el7                    docker-ce-stable
docker-ce.x86_64            3:19.03.5-3.el7                    docker-ce-stable
docker-ce.x86_64            3:19.03.4-3.el7                    docker-ce-stable
docker-ce.x86_64            3:19.03.3-3.el7                    docker-ce-stable
docker-ce.x86_64            3:19.03.2-3.el7                    docker-ce-stable
docker-ce.x86_64            3:19.03.15-3.el7                   docker-ce-stable
docker-ce.x86_64            3:19.03.14-3.el7                   docker-ce-stable
docker-ce.x86_64            3:19.03.1-3.el7                    docker-ce-stable
docker-ce.x86_64            3:19.03.13-3.el7                   docker-ce-stable
docker-ce.x86_64            3:19.03.12-3.el7                   docker-ce-stable
docker-ce.x86_64            3:19.03.11-3.el7                   docker-ce-stable
docker-ce.x86_64            3:19.03.10-3.el7                   docker-ce-stable
docker-ce.x86_64            3:19.03.0-3.el7                    docker-ce-stable
docker-ce.x86_64            3:18.09.9-3.el7                    docker-ce-stable
docker-ce.x86_64            3:18.09.8-3.el7                    docker-ce-stable
docker-ce.x86_64            3:18.09.7-3.el7                    docker-ce-stable
docker-ce.x86_64            3:18.09.6-3.el7                    docker-ce-stable
docker-ce.x86_64            3:18.09.5-3.el7                    docker-ce-stable
docker-ce.x86_64            3:18.09.4-3.el7                    docker-ce-stable
docker-ce.x86_64            3:18.09.3-3.el7                    docker-ce-stable
docker-ce.x86_64            3:18.09.2-3.el7                    docker-ce-stable
docker-ce.x86_64            3:18.09.1-3.el7                    docker-ce-stable
docker-ce.x86_64            3:18.09.0-3.el7                    docker-ce-stable
docker-ce.x86_64            18.06.3.ce-3.el7                   docker-ce-stable
docker-ce.x86_64            18.06.2.ce-3.el7                   docker-ce-stable
docker-ce.x86_64            18.06.1.ce-3.el7                   docker-ce-stable
docker-ce.x86_64            18.06.0.ce-3.el7                   docker-ce-stable
docker-ce.x86_64            18.03.1.ce-1.el7.centos            docker-ce-stable
docker-ce.x86_64            18.03.0.ce-1.el7.centos            docker-ce-stable
docker-ce.x86_64            17.12.1.ce-1.el7.centos            docker-ce-stable
docker-ce.x86_64            17.12.0.ce-1.el7.centos            docker-ce-stable
docker-ce.x86_64            17.09.1.ce-1.el7.centos            docker-ce-stable
docker-ce.x86_64            17.09.0.ce-1.el7.centos            docker-ce-stable
docker-ce.x86_64            17.06.2.ce-1.el7.centos            docker-ce-stable
docker-ce.x86_64            17.06.1.ce-1.el7.centos            docker-ce-stable
docker-ce.x86_64            17.06.0.ce-1.el7.centos            docker-ce-stable
docker-ce.x86_64            17.03.3.ce-1.el7                   docker-ce-stable
docker-ce.x86_64            17.03.2.ce-1.el7.centos            docker-ce-stable
docker-ce.x86_64            17.03.1.ce-1.el7.centos            docker-ce-stable
docker-ce.x86_64            17.03.0.ce-1.el7.centos            docker-ce-stable
 * base: mirrors.aliyun.com

安装想要的版本

yum install --setopt=obsoletes=0 docker-ce-17.03.2.ce-1.el7.centos 
# 如果上面命令安装不成功可以使用下面这种安装，因为可能缺失了后面的依赖包
yum install --setopt=obsoletes=0 docker-ce-18.03.0.ce-1.el7.centos docker-ce-selinux-18.03.0.ce-1.el7.centos.noarch

启动docker并设置开机自启

[root@docker ~]# systemctl enable docker --now
Created symlink from /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/docker.service to /usr/lib/systemd/system/docker.service.

验证安装启动成功

#不报错
[root@docker ~]# docker version
Client: Docker Engine - Community
 Version:           20.10.18
 API version:       1.41
 Go version:        go1.18.6
 Git commit:        b40c2f6
 Built:             Thu Sep  8 23:14:08 2022
 OS/Arch:           linux/amd64
 Context:           default
 Experimental:      true

Server: Docker Engine - Community
 Engine:
  Version:          20.10.18
  API version:      1.41 (minimum version 1.12)
  Go version:       go1.18.6
  Git commit:       e42327a
  Built:            Thu Sep  8 23:12:21 2022
  OS/Arch:          linux/amd64
  Experimental:     false
 containerd:
  Version:          1.6.8
  GitCommit:        9cd3357b7fd7218e4aec3eae239db1f68a5a6ec6
 runc:
  Version:          1.1.4
  GitCommit:        v1.1.4-0-g5fd4c4d
 docker-init:
  Version:          0.19.0
  GitCommit:        de40ad0
#有docker0
[root@docker ~]# ifconfig
docker0: flags=4099<UP,BROADCAST,MULTICAST>  mtu 1500
        inet 172.17.0.1  netmask 255.255.0.0  broadcast 172.17.255.255
        ether 02:42:4a:b5:43:dc  txqueuelen 0  (Ethernet)
        RX packets 0  bytes 0 (0.0 B)
        RX errors 0  dropped 0  overruns 0  frame 0
        TX packets 0  bytes 0 (0.0 B)
        TX errors 0  dropped 0 overruns 0  carrier 0  collisions 0

使用docker

从docker官网下载centos镜像

搜索名字为centos的镜像

[root@docker ~]# docker search centos
NAME                                         DESCRIPTION                                     STARS     OFFICIAL   AUTOMATED
centos                                       The official build of CentOS.                   7310      [OK]
kasmweb/centos-7-desktop                     CentOS 7 desktop for Kasm Workspaces            24
couchbase/centos7-systemd                    centos7-systemd images with additional debug…   4                    [OK]
dokken/centos-7                              CentOS 7 image for kitchen-dokken               3
continuumio/centos5_gcc5_base                                                                3
dokken/centos-stream-9                                                                       2
dokken/centos-stream-8                                                                       2
spack/centos6                                CentOS 6 with Spack preinstalled                1
spack/centos7                                CentOS 7 with Spack preinstalled                1
dokken/centos-8                              CentOS 8 image for kitchen-dokken               0
dokken/centos-6                              CentOS 6 image for kitchen-dokken               0
ustclug/centos                               Official CentOS Image with USTC Mirror          0
bitnami/centos-extras-base                                                                   0
datadog/centos-i386                                                                          0
corpusops/centos-bare                        https://github.com/corpusops/docker-images/     0
couchbase/centos-72-java-sdk                                                                 0
corpusops/centos                             centos corpusops baseimage                      0
couchbase/centos-72-jenkins-core                                                             0
bitnami/centos-base-buildpack                Centos base compilation image                   0                    [OK]
fnndsc/centos-python3                        Source for a slim Centos-based Python3 image…   0                    [OK]
couchbase/centos-70-sdk-build                                                                0
couchbase/centos-69-sdk-build                                                                0
couchbase/centos-69-sdk-nodevtoolset-build                                                   0
dokken/centos-5                              EOL DISTRO: For use with kitchen-dokken, Bas…   0
spack/centos-stream                                                                          0

下载centos镜像

[root@docker ~]# docker pull centos
Using default tag: latest
latest: Pulling from library/centos
a1d0c7532777: Pull complete
Digest: sha256:a27fd8080b517143cbbbab9dfb7c8571c40d67d534bbdee55bd6c473f432b177
Status: Downloaded newer image for centos:latest
docker.io/library/centos:latest

查看下载的centos镜像

[root@docker ~]# docker images
REPOSITORY   TAG       IMAGE ID       CREATED         SIZE
centos       latest    5d0da3dc9764   12 months ago   231MB

启动centos镜像

centos为系统镜像，交互运行容器直接进入

[root@docker ~]# docker run -it centos:latest /bin/bash
[root@5ec32e206246 /]# ls
bin  dev  etc  home  lib  lib64  lost+found  media  mnt  opt  proc  root  run  sbin  srv  sys  tmp  usr  var
[root@5ec32e206246 /]# exit
exit

从docker官网下载nginx镜像

搜索名字为nginx的镜像

[root@docker ~]# docker search nginx
NAME                                              DESCRIPTION                                     STARS     OFFICIAL   AUTOMATED
nginx                                             Official build of Nginx.                        17381     [OK]
linuxserver/nginx                                 An Nginx container, brought to you by LinuxS…   177
bitnami/nginx                                     Bitnami nginx Docker Image                      140                  [OK]
ubuntu/nginx                                      Nginx, a high-performance reverse proxy & we…   58
bitnami/nginx-ingress-controller                  Bitnami Docker Image for NGINX Ingress Contr…   20                   [OK]
rancher/nginx-ingress-controller                                                                  11
webdevops/nginx                                   Nginx container                                 9                    [OK]
ibmcom/nginx-ingress-controller                   Docker Image for IBM Cloud Private-CE (Commu…   4
bitnami/nginx-ldap-auth-daemon                                                                    3
rancher/nginx                                                                                     2
kasmweb/nginx                                     An Nginx image based off nginx:alpine and in…   2
vmware/nginx                                                                                      2
rancher/nginx-ingress-controller-defaultbackend                                                   2
rapidfort/nginx                                   RapidFort optimized, hardened image for NGINX   2
bitnami/nginx-exporter                                                                            2
bitnami/nginx-intel                                                                               1
wallarm/nginx-ingress-controller                  Kubernetes Ingress Controller with Wallarm e…   1
vmware/nginx-photon                                                                               1
ibmcom/nginx-ingress-controller-ppc64le           Docker Image for IBM Cloud Private-CE (Commu…   0
rancher/nginx-conf                                                                                0
rancher/nginx-ssl                                                                                 0
rapidfort/nginx-ib                                RapidFort optimized, hardened image for NGIN…   0
continuumio/nginx-ingress-ws                                                                      0
rancher/nginx-ingress-controller-amd64                                                            0
ibmcom/nginx-ppc64le                              Docker image for nginx-ppc64le                  0

下载nginx镜像

[root@docker ~]# docker pull nginx
Using default tag: latest
latest: Pulling from library/nginx
31b3f1ad4ce1: Pull complete
fd42b079d0f8: Pull complete
30585fbbebc6: Pull complete
18f4ffdd25f4: Pull complete
9dc932c8fba2: Pull complete
600c24b8ba39: Pull complete
Digest: sha256:2888a97f7c7d498bbcc47ede1ad0f6ced07d72dfd181071dde051863f1f79d7b
Status: Downloaded newer image for nginx:latest
docker.io/library/nginx:latest

查看下载的nginx镜像

[root@docker ~]# docker images
REPOSITORY   TAG       IMAGE ID       CREATED         SIZE
nginx        latest    2d389e545974   8 hours ago     142MB
centos       latest    5d0da3dc9764   12 months ago   231MB

启动nginx镜像

nginx镜像启动后为nginx服务，可启动容器后台运行，再用命令进入容器

[root@docker ~]# docker run -d nginx:latest
8f950611c9930cfa42cd316d73a8a31882789ddd433a7100184a02147a281174
[root@docker ~]# docker exec -it 8f950611c9930cfa42cd316d73a8a31882789ddd433a7100184a02147a281174 /bin/bash
root@8f950611c993:/# ls
bin  boot  dev  docker-entrypoint.d  docker-entrypoint.sh  etc  home  lib  lib64  media  mnt  opt  proc  root  run  sbin  srv  sys  tmp  usr  var
root@8f950611c993:/# exit
exit
[root@docker ~]#

查看运行的容器

centos为系统，退出后直接停止，已停止，因此查询不显示centos

[root@docker ~]# docker ps
CONTAINER ID   IMAGE          COMMAND                  CREATED         STATUS         PORTS     NAMES
8f950611c993   nginx:latest   "/docker-entrypoint.…"   4 minutes ago   Up 4 minutes   80/tcp    upbeat_ishizaka

停止运行的nginx容器

centos为系统，退出后直接停止，已经停止，因此不需要再执行停止centos

[root@docker ~]# docker stop 8f950611c9930cfa42cd316d73a8a31882789ddd433a7100184a02147a281174
8f950611c9930cfa42cd316d73a8a31882789ddd433a7100184a02147a281174
#已没有容器在运行
[root@docker ~]# docker ps
CONTAINER ID   IMAGE     COMMAND   CREATED   STATUS    PORTS     NAMES

查看所有的容器，不论停止还是正在运行

[root@docker ~]# docker ps -a
CONTAINER ID   IMAGE           COMMAND                  CREATED          STATUS                          PORTS     NAMES
8f950611c993   nginx:latest    "/docker-entrypoint.…"   11 minutes ago   Exited (0) About a minute ago             upbeat_ishizaka
5ec32e206246   centos:latest   "/bin/bash"              18 minutes ago   Exited (0) 16 minutes ago                 xenodochial_roentgen

删除停止运行的容器

[root@docker ~]# docker rm 8f950611c993
8f950611c993
[root@docker ~]# docker ps -a
CONTAINER ID   IMAGE           COMMAND       CREATED          STATUS                      PORTS     NAMES
5ec32e206246   centos:latest   "/bin/bash"   18 minutes ago   Exited (0) 16 minutes ago             xenodochial_roentgen
[root@docker ~]# docker rm 5ec32e206246
5ec32e206246
[root@docker ~]# docker ps -a
CONTAINER ID   IMAGE     COMMAND   CREATED   STATUS    PORTS     NAMES

删除镜像

[root@docker ~]# docker images
REPOSITORY   TAG       IMAGE ID       CREATED         SIZE
nginx        latest    2d389e545974   8 hours ago     142MB
centos       latest    5d0da3dc9764   12 months ago   231MB
[root@docker ~]# docker rmi nginx:latest
Untagged: nginx:latest
Untagged: nginx@sha256:2888a97f7c7d498bbcc47ede1ad0f6ced07d72dfd181071dde051863f1f79d7b
Deleted: sha256:2d389e545974d4a93ebdef09b650753a55f72d1ab4518d17a30c0e1b3e297444
Deleted: sha256:363202476290a0db2316a59ad55a204a29c38a3911e3446667cb701cc4198dc7
Deleted: sha256:2206f0339ff8e4bea401bd90d6dc4e7e709bc22428c1ae5f68f38c67386c7e7f
Deleted: sha256:d70edfab07872218e08147095350ca0ae6e2b6cc21c38468b95d00e9ae8325cc
Deleted: sha256:7b46b6757c9a5142df79b3310962da6c7dd41a49a5a51c938d44fdf574b5f8e3
Deleted: sha256:39a76abc4386c54429c626f7bc0e378eddf566dad18f6b8a2281e480a5cae071
Deleted: sha256:b45078e74ec97c5e600f6d5de8ce6254094fb3cb4dc5e1cc8335fb31664af66e
[root@docker ~]# docker images
REPOSITORY   TAG       IMAGE ID       CREATED         SIZE
centos       latest    5d0da3dc9764   12 months ago   231MB
[root@docker ~]#