《Python编程从入门到实践》学习笔记03列表

bicycles=['trek','cannondale','redline','specialized']
print(bicycles)

[‘trek’, ‘cannondale’, ‘redline’, ‘specialized’]

print(bicycles[0])
print(bicycles[1])
print(bicycles[2])
print(bicycles[3])

trek
cannondale
redline
specialized

print(bicycles[-1])
print(bicycles[-2])

specialized
redline

first_name='ada'
last_name='lovelace'
full_name=f'{first_name} {last_name}'
print(full_name)

ada lovelace

bicycles=['trek','cannondale','redline','specialized']
message=f'My first bicycle was a {bicycles[0].title()}.'
print(message)

My first bicycle was a Trek.

motorcycles=['honda','yamaha','suzuki']
print(motorcycles)

[‘honda’, ‘yamaha’, ‘suzuki’]

motorcycles[0]='ducati'
print(motorcycles)

[‘ducati’, ‘yamaha’, ‘suzuki’]

#在列表末尾添加元素
motorcycles=['honda','yamaha','suzuki']
motorcycles.append('ducati')
print(motorcycles)

[‘honda’, ‘yamaha’, ‘suzuki’, ‘ducati’]

motorcycles=[]
motorcycles.append('honda')
motorcycles.append('yamaha')
print(motorcycles)

[‘honda’, ‘yamaha’]

#在列表中插入元素
motorcycles=['honda','yamaha','suzuki']
print(motorcycles)
motorcycles.insert(0,'ducati')
print(motorcycles)

[‘honda’, ‘yamaha’, ‘suzuki’]
[‘ducati’, ‘honda’, ‘yamaha’, ‘suzuki’]

#在列表中删除元素
motorcycles=['honda','yamaha','suzuki']
print(motorcycles)
del motorcycles[0]
print(motorcycles)

[‘honda’, ‘yamaha’, ‘suzuki’]
[‘yamaha’, ‘suzuki’]

#使用方法pop()删除元素
motorcycles=['honda','yamaha','suzuki']
print(motorcycles)
poped_motorcycle=motorcycles.pop()
print(motorcycles)
print(poped_motorcycle)

[‘honda’, ‘yamaha’, ‘suzuki’]
[‘honda’, ‘yamaha’]
suzuki

motorcycles=['honda','yamaha','suzuki']
last_owned=motorcycles.pop()
print(f'The last motorcycles I owned was a {last_owned.title()}.')

The last motorcycles I owned was a Suzuki.

#根据值删除元素
motorcycles=['honda','yamaha','suzuki']
print(motorcycles)
motorcycles.remove('honda')
print(motorcycles)

[‘honda’, ‘yamaha’, ‘suzuki’]
[‘yamaha’, ‘suzuki’]

#组织列表
cars=['bmw','audi','toyota','subaru']
print(cars)
#按字母顺序排序
cars.sort()
print(cars)

[‘bmw’, ‘audi’, ‘toyota’, ‘subaru’]
[‘audi’, ‘bmw’, ‘subaru’, ‘toyota’]

cars=['bmw','audi','toyota','subaru']
print(cars)
#按字母逆序排序
cars.sort(reverse=True)
print(cars)

[‘bmw’, ‘audi’, ‘toyota’, ‘subaru’]
[‘toyota’, ‘subaru’, ‘bmw’, ‘audi’]

#临时排序
cars=['bmw','audi','toyota','subaru']
print(cars)
print('\nHere is the sorted list:')
print(sorted(cars))
print(cars)

[‘bmw’, ‘audi’, ‘toyota’, ‘subaru’]

Here is the sorted list:
[‘audi’, ‘bmw’, ‘subaru’, ‘toyota’]
[‘bmw’, ‘audi’, ‘toyota’, ‘subaru’]

#倒着打印列表-reverse()永久修改
cars=['bmw','audi','toyota','subaru']
print(cars)
cars.reverse()
print(cars)

[‘bmw’, ‘audi’, ‘toyota’, ‘subaru’]
[‘subaru’, ‘toyota’, ‘audi’, ‘bmw’]

cars=['bmw','audi','toyota','subaru']
print(cars)
cars.reverse()
print(cars)
cars.reverse()
print(cars)

[‘bmw’, ‘audi’, ‘toyota’, ‘subaru’]
[‘subaru’, ‘toyota’, ‘audi’, ‘bmw’]
[‘bmw’, ‘audi’, ‘toyota’, ‘subaru’]

#确定列表的长度
cars=['bmw','audi','toyota','subaru']
len(cars)

4

#使用列表时避免索引错误