首先下载三个JAR包，分别是：mongodb-driver-X.X.X.jar，bson-X.X.X.jar，mongodb-driver-core-X.X.X.jar
X.X.X是版本号，尽量保证版本号一致，否则运行会报错，在这我使用的是3.11.0的版本，
或者添加maven以来，自己导入
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.mongodb</groupId>
<artifactId>mongo-java-driver</artifactId>
<version>3.11.0</version>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
一.给项目导入上面三个JAR包
1.file->Project Structure…
2.选择Modules 再点击右侧的添加按钮
3.选择三个JAR包添加至Modules中，尽量先把JAR拷贝到项目的lib文件夹（自己手动创建）里，再引入，避免以后JAR位置移动，项目找不到JAR包就会报错。
二.建立链接
1.编写MongoDB数据库链接类
import com.mongodb.MongoClient;
import com.mongodb.MongoClientURI;
import com.mongodb.MongoCredential;
import com.mongodb.ServerAddress;
import com.mongodb.client.FindIterable;
import com.mongodb.client.MongoCollection;
import com.mongodb.client.MongoCursor;
import com.mongodb.client.MongoDatabase;
import org.bson.Document;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;
public class MongoDBConnection {
//不认证直接链接数据库
public MongoClient getConn(){
MongoClient mongoClient = new MongoClient("localhost",27017);
//也可使用MongoClientURI
// MongoClientURI mongoClientURI = new MongoClientURI("mongodb://localhost:27017");
// MongoClient mongoClient = new MongoClient(mongoClientURI);
return mongoClient;
}
//通过用户密码认证链接数据库
public MongoClient getConnByCredit(){
String name = "test";//用户名
String dbName = "Test";//数据库名
char [] pwd = "test".toCharArray();//用户密码(将字符串转换成字符数组)
List<ServerAddress> addresses = new ArrayList<>();
//服务器地址：链接地址,端口号
ServerAddress address = new ServerAddress("localhost",27017);
addresses.add(address);
List<MongoCredential> credentials = new ArrayList<>();
//认证方法需要三个参数，用户名，数据库名，用户密码
MongoCredential credential = MongoCredential.createScramSha1Credential(name,dbName,pwd);
credentials.add(credential);
//创建链接对象
MongoClient mongoClient = new MongoClient(addresses,credentials);
return mongoClient;
}
//测试是否连接成功
public static void main(String[] args) {
MongoDBConnection mongoDBConnection = new MongoDBConnection();
MongoDatabase mongoDatabase = null;
MongoClient mongoClient = mongoDBConnection.getConn();
// MongoClient mongoClient = mongoDBConnection.getConnByCredit();
//查询所有数据库名称
MongoIterable<String> dbNameList = mongoClient.listDatabaseNames();
System.out.println("查询所有数据库名称:");
for(String dbName : dbNameList)
System.out.println(dbName);
//创建数据库对象
mongoDatabase = mongoClient.getDatabase("Test");
//查询Test数据库中所有集合名称
MongoIterable<String> colNameList = mongoDatabase.listCollectionNames();
System.out.println("查询Test数据库中所有集合名称:");
for(String colName: colNameList)
System.out.println(colName);
//关闭连接
mongoClient.close();
}
}
}
```bash
输出结果：
九月 11, 2019 4:31:16 下午 com.mongodb.diagnostics.logging.JULLogger log
信息: Cluster created with settings {hosts=[localhost:27017], mode=SINGLE, requiredClusterType=UNKNOWN, serverSelectionTimeout='30000 ms', maxWaitQueueSize=500}
查询所有数据库名称:
九月 11, 2019 4:31:16 下午 com.mongodb.diagnostics.logging.JULLogger log
信息: Cluster description not yet available. Waiting for 30000 ms before timing out
九月 11, 2019 4:31:16 下午 com.mongodb.diagnostics.logging.JULLogger log
信息: Opened connection [connectionId{localValue:1, serverValue:23}] to localhost:27017
九月 11, 2019 4:31:16 下午 com.mongodb.diagnostics.logging.JULLogger log
信息: Monitor thread successfully connected to server with description ServerDescription{address=localhost:27017, type=STANDALONE, state=CONNECTED, ok=true, version=ServerVersion{versionList=[4, 0, 11]}, minWireVersion=0, maxWireVersion=7, maxDocumentSize=16777216, logicalSessionTimeoutMinutes=30, roundTripTimeNanos=2393400}
九月 11, 2019 4:31:16 下午 com.mongodb.diagnostics.logging.JULLogger log
信息: Opened connection [connectionId{localValue:2, serverValue:24}] to localhost:27017
Test
admin
config
local
查询Test数据库中所有集合名称:
user
九月 11, 2019 4:31:16 下午 com.mongodb.diagnostics.logging.JULLogger log
信息: Closed connection [connectionId{localValue:2, serverValue:24}] to localhost:27017 because the pool has been closed.
2.遇到的问题
编写MongoDB数据库连接类时，我尝试去用try-catch去捕获连接中可能会出现的异常，但是发现try-catch语句并没有任何作用，即使你真的把端口号或者服务器地址改错，也不会在连接环节抛出任何异常，只有到后边真正用到数据库内容时才会报错。所以在这里也没有再多余使用try-catch语句，等到后边进行具体操作数据的时候再使用。
三.对数据库进行CRUD操作
原始数据：
{
"_id" : ObjectId("5d554f1e5306e8e23cbe5956"),
"user_id" : "1",
"user_name" : "aaa",
"user_pwd" : "aaa"
}
{
"_id" : ObjectId("5d554f1e5306e8e23cbe5959"),
"user_id" : "2",
"user_name" : "bbb",
"user_pwd" : "bbb"
}
{
"_id" : ObjectId("5d554f1e5306e8e23cbe595c"),
"user_id" : "3",
"user_name" : "123",
"user_pwd" : "123"
}
1.集合查询
//查询指定数据库中所有集合
public void selectCollection(MongoDatabase database){
try{
//查询Test数据库中所有集合名称
MongoIterable<String> colNameList = database.listCollectionNames();
for(String colName: colNameList)
System.out.println(colName);
System.out.println("[INFO] : Select collection success！");
}catch(MongoException e){
e.printStackTrace();
System.out.println("[ERROR] : Select collection field！");
}
2.新建集合
//新建集合
public void createCollection(MongoDatabase database){
try{
//创建新集合
database.createCollection("testCol");
System.out.println("[INFO] : Create collection success！");
}catch(MongoException e){
e.printStackTrace();
System.out.println("[ERROR] : Create collection field！");
}
}
3.删除集合
//删除集合
public void deleteCollection(MongoDatabase database){
try{
//删除集合
MongoCollection mongoCollection = database.getCollection("testCol");
mongoCollection.drop();
System.out.println("[INFO] : Drop collection success！");
}catch(MongoException e){
e.printStackTrace();
System.out.println("[ERROR] : Drop collection field！");
}
}
4.查询文档数据：
//查询文档数据
public void selectData(MongoDatabase database){
try{
//获取数据库中的user集合
MongoCollection<Document> collection = database.getCollection("user");
//获取user集合中的文档
FindIterable<Document> iterable = collection.find();
//通过迭代器遍历找到的文档中的信息
MongoCursor<Document> iterator = iterable.iterator();
while(iterator.hasNext()){
System.out.println(iterator.next().toJson());
}
System.out.println("[INFO] : Select data success！");
}catch(MongoException e){
e.printStackTrace();
System.out.println("[ERROR] : Select data field！");
}
}
5.向集合中插入数据
单数据插入和多数据插入，可以通过Robo 3T去看数据库的变化，在这单个方法里边不想再写多余的查询语句，下边的修改删除也一样，分开写太麻烦，了解过程就可以了
//插入数据
public void insertData(MongoDatabase database){
try {
MongoCollection mongoCollection = database.getCollection("user");
//一次插入一条数据
Document document = new Document("user_id","4")
.append("user_name","test")
.append("user_pwd","test");
mongoCollection.insertOne(document);
//一次插入多条数据
Document document1 = new Document("user_id","5")
.append("user_name","test")
.append("user_pwd","test1");
Document document2 = new Document("user_id","6")
.append("user_name","test")
.append("user_pwd","test2");
List<Document> documents = new ArrayList<>();
documents.add(document1);
documents.add(document2);
mongoCollection.insertMany(documents);
System.out.println("[INFO] : Insert data success！");
}catch(MongoException e){
e.printStackTrace();
System.out.println("[ERROR] : Insert data field！");
}
}
6.根据条件修改集合中的数据
//修改数据
public void updateData(MongoDatabase database){
try {
MongoCollection mongoCollection = database.getCollection("user");
//修改满足条件的第一条数据
mongoCollection.updateOne(Filters.eq("user_name","test"),new Document("$set",new Document("user_pwd","tttt")));
//修改满足条件的所有数据
mongoCollection.updateMany(Filters.eq("user_name","test"),new Document("$set",new Document("user_pwd","tttt")));
System.out.println("[INFO] : Update data success！");
}catch(MongoException e){
e.printStackTrace();
System.out.println("[ERROR] : Update data field！");
}
}
7.根绝条件删除集合中的数据
//删除数据
public void deleteData(MongoDatabase database){
try {
MongoCollection mongoCollection = database.getCollection("user");
//删除满足条件的第一条记录
mongoCollection.deleteOne(Filters.eq("user_name","test"));
//删除满足条件的所有数据
mongoCollection.deleteMany(Filters.eq("user_name","test"));
System.out.println("[INFO] : Delete data success！");
}catch(MongoException e){
e.printStackTrace();
System.out.println("[ERROR] : Delete data field！");
}
}
8.全部代码及所有操作运行结果
package September_9;
import com.mongodb.MongoClient;
import com.mongodb.MongoException;
import com.mongodb.client.*;
import com.mongodb.client.model.Filters;
import org.bson.Document;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;
public class DBOperation {
/**
* 操作数据库集合：
* 查询、新建、删除
* @param database
*/
//查询指定数据库中所有集合
public void selectCollection(MongoDatabase database){
try{
//查询Test数据库中所有集合名称
MongoIterable<String> colNameList = database.listCollectionNames();
for(String colName: colNameList)
System.out.println(colName);
System.out.println("[INFO] : Select collection success！");
}catch(MongoException e){
e.printStackTrace();
System.out.println("[ERROR] : Select collection field！");
}
}
//新建集合
public void createCollection(MongoDatabase database){
try{
//创建新集合
database.createCollection("testCol");
System.out.println("[INFO] : Create collection success！");
}catch(MongoException e){
e.printStackTrace();
System.out.println("[ERROR] : Create collection field！");
}
}
//删除集合
public void deleteCollection(MongoDatabase database){
try{
//删除集合
MongoCollection mongoCollection = database.getCollection("testCol");
mongoCollection.drop();
System.out.println("[INFO] : Drop collection success！");
}catch(MongoException e){
e.printStackTrace();
System.out.println("[ERROR] : Drop collection field！");
}
}
/**
* 操作数据库数据：
* 查询、插入、修改、删除
* @param database
*/
//查询文档数据
public void selectData(MongoDatabase database){
try{
//获取数据库中的user集合
MongoCollection<Document> collection = database.getCollection("user");
//获取user集合中的文档
FindIterable<Document> iterable = collection.find();
//通过迭代器遍历找到的文档中的信息
MongoCursor<Document> iterator = iterable.iterator();
while(iterator.hasNext()){
System.out.println(iterator.next().toJson());
}
System.out.println("[INFO] : Select data success！");
}catch(MongoException e){
e.printStackTrace();
System.out.println("[ERROR] : Select data field！");
}
}
//插入数据
public void insertData(MongoDatabase database){
try {
MongoCollection mongoCollection = database.getCollection("user");
//一次插入一条数据
Document document = new Document("user_id","4")
.append("user_name","test")
.append("user_pwd","test");
mongoCollection.insertOne(document);
//一次插入多条数据
Document document1 = new Document("user_id","5")
.append("user_name","test")
.append("user_pwd","test1");
Document document2 = new Document("user_id","6")
.append("user_name","test")
.append("user_pwd","test2");
List<Document> documents = new ArrayList<>();
documents.add(document1);
documents.add(document2);
mongoCollection.insertMany(documents);
System.out.println("[INFO] : Insert data success！");
}catch(MongoException e){
e.printStackTrace();
System.out.println("[ERROR] : Insert data field！");
}
}
//修改数据
public void updateData(MongoDatabase database){
try {
MongoCollection mongoCollection = database.getCollection("user");
//修改满足条件的第一条数据
mongoCollection.updateOne(Filters.eq("user_name","test"),new Document("$set",new Document("user_pwd","tttt")));
//修改满足条件的所有数据
mongoCollection.updateMany(Filters.eq("user_name","test"),new Document("$set",new Document("user_pwd","tttt")));
System.out.println("[INFO] : Update data success！");
}catch(MongoException e){
e.printStackTrace();
System.out.println("[ERROR] : Update data field！");
}
}
//删除数据
public void deleteData(MongoDatabase database){
try {
MongoCollection mongoCollection = database.getCollection("user");
//删除满足条件的第一条记录
mongoCollection.deleteOne(Filters.eq("user_name","test"));
//删除满足条件的所有数据
mongoCollection.deleteMany(Filters.eq("user_name","test"));
System.out.println("[INFO] : Delete data success！");
}catch(MongoException e){
e.printStackTrace();
System.out.println("[ERROR] : Delete data field！");
}
}
public static void main(String[] args) {
DBOperation dbOperation = new DBOperation();
MongoDBConnection mongoDBConnection = new MongoDBConnection();
//新建链接
MongoClient mongoClient = mongoDBConnection.getConn();
//新建数据库对象
MongoDatabase mongoDatabase = mongoClient.getDatabase("Test");
//查询指定数据库中的所有集合
System.out.println("原始集合：");
dbOperation.selectCollection(mongoDatabase);
//创建新集合
dbOperation.createCollection(mongoDatabase);
System.out.println("新建集合后，再次查询数据库中的所有集合：");
dbOperation.selectCollection(mongoDatabase);
//删除集合
dbOperation.deleteCollection(mongoDatabase);
System.out.println("删除集合后，再次查询数据库中的所有集合：");
dbOperation.selectCollection(mongoDatabase);
//查询指定集合中的所有数据
System.out.println("原始数据：");
dbOperation.selectData(mongoDatabase);
//向指定集合中插入数据
dbOperation.insertData(mongoDatabase);
System.out.println("插入数据后：");
dbOperation.selectData(mongoDatabase);
//根据条件修改集合中的数据
dbOperation.updateData(mongoDatabase);
System.out.println("修改数据后：");
dbOperation.selectData(mongoDatabase);
//根据条件删除集合中的数据
dbOperation.deleteData(mongoDatabase);
System.out.println("删除数据后：");
dbOperation.selectData(mongoDatabase);
//关闭连接
mongoClient.close();
}
}
运行结果：
原始集合：
user
[INFO] : Select collection success！
[INFO] : Create collection success！
新建集合后，再次查询数据库中的所有集合：
testCol
user
[INFO] : Select collection success！
[INFO] : Drop collection success！
删除集合后，再次查询数据库中的所有集合：
user
[INFO] : Select collection success！
原始数据：
{"_id": {"$oid": "5d554f1e5306e8e23cbe5956"}, "user_id": "1", "user_name": "aaa", "user_pwd": "aaa"}
{"_id": {"$oid": "5d554f1e5306e8e23cbe5959"}, "user_id": "2", "user_name": "bbb", "user_pwd": "bbb"}
{"_id": {"$oid": "5d554f1e5306e8e23cbe595c"}, "user_id": "3", "user_name": "123", "user_pwd": "123"}
[INFO] : Select data success！
[INFO] : Insert data success！
插入数据后：
{"_id": {"$oid": "5d554f1e5306e8e23cbe5956"}, "user_id": "1", "user_name": "aaa", "user_pwd": "aaa"}
{"_id": {"$oid": "5d554f1e5306e8e23cbe5959"}, "user_id": "2", "user_name": "bbb", "user_pwd": "bbb"}
{"_id": {"$oid": "5d554f1e5306e8e23cbe595c"}, "user_id": "3", "user_name": "123", "user_pwd": "123"}
{"_id": {"$oid": "5d79d9f21781915b8368c25f"}, "user_id": "4", "user_name": "test", "user_pwd": "test"}
{"_id": {"$oid": "5d79d9f21781915b8368c260"}, "user_id": "5", "user_name": "test", "user_pwd": "test1"}
{"_id": {"$oid": "5d79d9f21781915b8368c261"}, "user_id": "6", "user_name": "test", "user_pwd": "test2"}
[INFO] : Select data success！
[INFO] : Update data success！
修改数据后：
{"_id": {"$oid": "5d554f1e5306e8e23cbe5956"}, "user_id": "1", "user_name": "aaa", "user_pwd": "aaa"}
{"_id": {"$oid": "5d554f1e5306e8e23cbe5959"}, "user_id": "2", "user_name": "bbb", "user_pwd": "bbb"}
{"_id": {"$oid": "5d554f1e5306e8e23cbe595c"}, "user_id": "3", "user_name": "123", "user_pwd": "123"}
{"_id": {"$oid": "5d79d9f21781915b8368c25f"}, "user_id": "4", "user_name": "test", "user_pwd": "tttt"}
{"_id": {"$oid": "5d79d9f21781915b8368c260"}, "user_id": "5", "user_name": "test", "user_pwd": "tttt"}
{"_id": {"$oid": "5d79d9f21781915b8368c261"}, "user_id": "6", "user_name": "test", "user_pwd": "tttt"}
[INFO] : Select data success！
[INFO] : Delete data success！
删除数据后：
{"_id": {"$oid": "5d554f1e5306e8e23cbe5956"}, "user_id": "1", "user_name": "aaa", "user_pwd": "aaa"}
{"_id": {"$oid": "5d554f1e5306e8e23cbe5959"}, "user_id": "2", "user_name": "bbb", "user_pwd": "bbb"}
{"_id": {"$oid": "5d554f1e5306e8e23cbe595c"}, "user_id": "3", "user_name": "123", "user_pwd": "123"}
[INFO] : Select data success！
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