前言
这篇博客属于对上一篇单个拦截器执行流程的拓展,该实验的项目所需框架包可以直接将上篇博客的项目拿来!!
1.多个拦截器的执行流程
1、在com.zsj .interceptor包中创建两个拦截器类Interceptor1 和Interceptor2
package com.zsj.interceptor;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.HandlerInterceptor;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.ModelAndView;
/**
* 以实现接口的方式定义拦截器
*/
public class Interceptor1 implements HandlerInterceptor {
@Override
public boolean preHandle(HttpServletRequest request,
HttpServletResponse response, Object handler) throws Exception {
System.out.println("Intercepter1...preHandle");
return true;
}
@Override
public void postHandle(HttpServletRequest request,
HttpServletResponse response, Object handler,
ModelAndView modelAndView) throws Exception {
System.out.println("Intercepter1...postHandle");
}
@Override
public void afterCompletion(HttpServletRequest request,
HttpServletResponse response, Object handler,
Exception ex) throws Exception {
System.out.println("Intercepter1...afterCompletion");
}
}
package com.zsj.interceptor;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.HandlerInterceptor;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.ModelAndView;
/**
* 以实现接口的方式定义拦截器
*/
public class Interceptor2 implements HandlerInterceptor{
@Override
public boolean preHandle(HttpServletRequest request,
HttpServletResponse response, Object handler) throws Exception {
System.out.println("Interceptor2...preHandle");
return true;
}
@Override
public void postHandle(HttpServletRequest request,
HttpServletResponse response, Object handler,
ModelAndView modelAndView) throws Exception {
System.out.println("intercepter2...postHandle");
}
@Override
public void afterCompletion(HttpServletRequest request,
HttpServletResponse response, Object handler, Exception ex)
throws Exception {
System.out.println("Intercepter2...afterCompletion");
}
}
2、在配置文件springmvc-config xml中的元素内配置上面所定义的两个拦截器
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-4.3.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc
http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc-4.3.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-4.3.xsd">
<!-- 定义组件扫描器,指定需要扫描的包 -->
<context:component-scan base-package="com.itheima.controller" />
<!-- 定义视图解析器 -->
<bean id="viewResolver" class=
"org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
<!-- 设置前缀 -->
<property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/jsp/" />
<!-- 设置后缀 -->
<property name="suffix" value=".jsp" />
</bean>
<!-- 配置拦截器 -->
<mvc:interceptors>
<!--使用bean直接定义在<mvc:interceptors>下面的拦截器将拦截所有请求-->
<!-- <bean class="com.itheima.interceptor.CustomInterceptor"/> -->
<!-- 拦截器1 -->
<mvc:interceptor>
<!-- 配置拦截器作用的路径 -->
<mvc:mapping path="/**" />
<!-- 定义在<mvc:interceptor>下面的表示匹配指定路径的请求才进行拦截的 -->
<bean class="com.itheima.interceptor.Interceptor1" />
</mvc:interceptor>
<!-- 拦截器2 -->
<mvc:interceptor>
<mvc:mapping path="/hello" />
<bean class="com.itheima.interceptor.Interceptor2" />
</mvc:interceptor>
<mvc:interceptor>
<mvc:mapping path="/**" />
<bean class="com.itheima.interceptor.LoginInterceptor" />
</mvc:interceptor>
</mvc:interceptors>
</beans>
3、部署和运行项目,将项目发布到Tomcat 服务器并启动,在浏览器中访问地址
通过上述的输出结果,可以看出我们的拦截请求顺序与单个拦截器是不一样的。
2.实现用户登录权限验证
本案例中,只有登录后的用户才能访问系统中的主页面,如果没有登录系统而直接访问主页面,则拦截器会将请求拦截,并转发到登录页面,同时在登录页面中给出提示信息。如果用户名或密码错误,也会在登录页面给出相应的提示信息。当己登录的用户在系统主页中单击“退出”链接时,系统同样会回到登录页面。
1、在src目录下创建一个com.zsj.po 包,并在包中创建User类
package com.zsj.po;
/**
* 用户POJO类
*/
public class User {
private Integer id; //id
private String username; //用户名
private String password; //密码
public Integer getId() {
return id;
}
public void setId(Integer id) {
this.id = id;
}
public String getUsername() {
return username;
}
public void setUsername(String username) {
this.username = username;
}
public String getPassword() {
return password;
}
public void setPassword(String password) {
this.password = password;
}
}
2、在com.zsj .controller包中创建控制器类UserController, 类中定义向主页跳转、登录页面跳转、执行用户登录等操作的方法
package com.zsj.controller;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpSession;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.ui.Model;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMethod;
import com.zsj.po.User;
@Controller
public class UserController {
/**
* 向用户登录页面跳转
*/
@RequestMapping(value="/login",method=RequestMethod.GET)
public String toLogin() {
return "login";
}
/**
* 用户登录
*/
@RequestMapping(value="/login",method=RequestMethod.POST)
public String login(User user,Model model,HttpSession session) {
// 获取用户名和密码
String username = user.getUsername();
String password = user.getPassword();
// 此处模拟从数据库中获取用户名和密码后进行判断
if(username != null && username.equals("zhushiji")
&& password != null && password.equals("1801305976")){
// 将用户对象添加到Session
session.setAttribute("USER_SESSION", user);
// 重定向到主页面的跳转方法
return "redirect:main";
}
model.addAttribute("msg", "用户名或密码错误,请重新登录!");
return "login";
}
/**
* 向用户主页面跳转
*/
@RequestMapping(value="/main")
public String toMain() {
return "main";
}
/**
* 退出登录
*/
@RequestMapping(value = "/logout")
public String logout(HttpSession session) {
// 清除Session
session.invalidate();
// 重定向到登录页面的跳转方法
return "redirect:login";
}
}
3、在com.zsj. interceptor包中创建拦截器类LoginInterceptor.java
package com.zsj.interceptor;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpSession;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.HandlerInterceptor;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.ModelAndView;
import com.zsj.po.User;
/**
* 登录拦截器
*/
public class LoginInterceptor implements HandlerInterceptor{
@Override
public boolean preHandle(HttpServletRequest request,
HttpServletResponse response, Object handler) throws Exception {
// 获取请求的URL
String url = request.getRequestURI();
// URL:除了login.jsp是可以公开访问的,其它的URL都进行拦截控制
if(url.indexOf("/login")>=0){
return true;
}
// 获取Session
HttpSession session = request.getSession();
User user = (User) session.getAttribute("USER_SESSION");
// 判断Session中是否有用户数据,如果有,则返回true,继续向下执行
if(user != null){
return true;
}
// 不符合条件的给出提示信息,并转发到登录页面
request.setAttribute("msg", "您还没有登录,请先登录!");
request.getRequestDispatcher("/WEB-INF/jsp/login.jsp")
.forward(request, response);
return false;
}
@Override
public void postHandle(HttpServletRequest request,
HttpServletResponse response, Object handler,
ModelAndView modelAndView) throws Exception {
}
@Override
public void afterCompletion(HttpServletRequest request,
HttpServletResponse response, Object handler, Exception ex)
throws Exception {
}
}
有上述代码可以看出,preHandle方法中,先获取了请求的URL ,然后通过indexOfo 方法判断URL中是否有"/login" 字符串,如果有,返回true , 即直接放行。如果没有,则继续向下执行拦截处理接下来获取了Session 中的用户信息,如果Session中包含用户信息,即表示用户"己登录,也直接放行;否则会转发到登录页面,不再执行后续程序。
4、在配置文件springmvc-config .xml中配置登录拦截器LoginInterceptor
<mvc:interceptor>
<mvc:mapping path="/**" />
<bean class="com.zsj.interceptor.LoginInterceptor" />
</mvc:interceptor>
5、在WEB-INF/jsp文件夹中创建系统主页面main.jsp(该页面使用EL表达式获取用户信息,并且通过一一个超链接来实现"退出功能)
<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"
pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">
<title>系统主页</title>
</head>
<body>
当前用户:${USER_SESSION.username}
<a href="${pageContext.request.contextPath }/logout">退出</a>
</body>
</html>
6、在NVEB-INF/jsp文件夹中创建系统登录页面loginjsp(页面中编写了一个用于实现登录操作的form 表单)
<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"
pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">
<title>用户登录</title>
</head>
<body>
${msg}
<form action="${pageContext.request.contextPath }/login"
method="POST">
用户名:<input type="text" name="username"/><br />
密 码:
<input type="password" name="password"/><br />
<input type="submit" value="登录" />
</form>
</body>
</html>
7、部署和运行项目.,将项目发布到Tomcat 服务器并启动,在浏览器中访问地址http://localhost:8080/SpringMVCInterceptor/main
以上就是相关内容。