Windows——进程相关操作

作者：小 琛
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判断进程是否存在

这里给出一个封装好的函数，可以根据传入的进程名来判断操作系统下是否有该进程

bool isProcessRun(const char* pName) {
	if (pName == nullptr || pName == "") {
		return false;
	}
	HANDLE hProcessSnap;
	HANDLE hProcess;
	PROCESSENTRY32 pe32;

	bool bFind = false;
	// Take a snapshot of all processes in the system.
	hProcessSnap = CreateToolhelp32Snapshot(TH32CS_SNAPPROCESS, 0);
	if (hProcessSnap == INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE) {
		return false;
	}

	// Set the size of the structure before using it.
	pe32.dwSize = sizeof(PROCESSENTRY32);

	// Retrieve information about the first process,and exit if unsuccessful
	if (!Process32First(hProcessSnap, &pe32)) {
		CloseHandle(hProcessSnap);
		return false;
	}

	// walk the snapshot of processes
	do {
		int num = WideCharToMultiByte(CP_OEMCP, NULL, pe32.szExeFile,
			-1, NULL, 0, NULL, FALSE);
		char* pchar = new char[num];
		WideCharToMultiByte(CP_OEMCP, NULL, pe32.szExeFile, -1,
			pchar, num, NULL, FALSE);

		if (::strstr(pchar, pName) != NULL) {
			bFind = true;
			break;
		}
	} while (Process32Next(hProcessSnap, &pe32));

	CloseHandle(hProcessSnap);
	return bFind;
}

根据进程名拿pid

这里同样给出一个封装好的函数，参数为宽字符的name，主要是为了支持中文，若希望传入的是char*，可进行转换,下面例子中，m_processName是一个string，若本身为char*直接放入

int num = MultiByteToWideChar(0, 0, m_processName…c_str(), -1, NULL, 0);
wchar_t* processName = new wchar_t[num];
MultiByteToWideChar(0, 0, m_processName.toStdString().c_str(), -1, processName, num);

DWORD getProcessIDByName(const wchar_t* name) {
	DWORD id = 0;
	HANDLE hSnapshot = INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE;

	try {
		PROCESSENTRY32 pe = { 0 };
		pe.dwSize = sizeof(PROCESSENTRY32);
		hSnapshot = CreateToolhelp32Snapshot(TH32CS_SNAPALL, 0);
		if (INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE == hSnapshot) {
			throw 0;
		}
		if (!Process32First(hSnapshot, &pe)) {
			throw 0;
		}

		do {
			if (wcscmp(pe.szExeFile, name) == 0) {
				id = pe.th32ProcessID;
				break;
			}
		} while (Process32Next(hSnapshot, &pe));

		if (INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE != hSnapshot) {
			CloseHandle(hSnapshot);
			hSnapshot = INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE;
		}
	}
	catch (...) {
		if (INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE != hSnapshot) {
			CloseHandle(hSnapshot);
			hSnapshot = INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE;
		}
		id = 0;
	}
	return id;
}

根据进程pid拿句柄

这里比较简单，不做多的阐述

HANDLE getProcessHandleByID(int nID) {
	return OpenProcess(PROCESS_ALL_ACCESS, FALSE, nID);
}

根据pid强杀进程

bool killProcessByID(DWORD ProcessId) {
	if (ProcessId != 0) {
		HANDLE hProcess = OpenProcess(PROCESS_TERMINATE, FALSE, ProcessId);
		if (hProcess == NULL)
			return false;
		if (!TerminateProcess(hProcess, 0))
			return false;
		return true;
	}
	return false;
}

启动进程

启动进程的常用方法

这里给出一个简单的例子，和一个可以用在Qt下的封装好的函数

	SHELLEXECUTEINFO ShExecInfo;
	ShExecInfo.cbSize = sizeof(SHELLEXECUTEINFO);
	ShExecInfo.fMask = SEE_MASK_NOCLOSEPROCESS;
	ShExecInfo.hwnd = NULL;
	ShExecInfo.lpVerb = L"runas";
	ShExecInfo.lpFile = processName;
	if (m_isSilent == true) {
		ShExecInfo.lpParameters = L"/S";
	} else {
		ShExecInfo.lpParameters = NULL;
	}
	ShExecInfo.lpDirectory = NULL;
	ShExecInfo.nShow = SW_HIDE;
	ShExecInfo.hInstApp = NULL;

	bool ret = ShellExecuteEx(&ShExecInfo);

DWORD runAsAdminSync(const QString& path, const QStringList& arguments, int showCmd) {
	QString args = arguments.join(' ');

	SHELLEXECUTEINFO ShExecInfo;
	ShExecInfo.cbSize = sizeof(SHELLEXECUTEINFO);
	ShExecInfo.fMask = SEE_MASK_NOCLOSEPROCESS;
	ShExecInfo.hwnd = NULL;
	ShExecInfo.lpVerb = L"runas";
	ShExecInfo.lpFile = reinterpret_cast<LPCWSTR>(path.utf16());
	ShExecInfo.lpParameters = reinterpret_cast<LPCWSTR>(args.utf16());
	ShExecInfo.lpDirectory = NULL;
	ShExecInfo.nShow = showCmd;
	ShExecInfo.hInstApp = NULL;

	bool ret = ShellExecuteEx(&ShExecInfo);

	if (!ret) {
		const auto exitCode = GetLastError();
		return exitCode;
	}

	WaitForSingleObject(ShExecInfo.hProcess, INFINITE);
	DWORD dwCode = 0;
	GetExitCodeProcess(ShExecInfo.hProcess, &dwCode);
	CloseHandle(ShExecInfo.hProcess);
	return dwCode;
}

获取进程状态、阻塞等待进程

1. WaitForSingleObject函数会阻塞等待目标进程，一个参数为进程句柄；第二个等待时间，INFINITE为永远等待，若设置为数值，单位为毫秒
2. GetExitCodeProcess为得到目标进程的退出值

WaitForSingleObject(ShExecInfo.hProcess, INFINITE);
DWORD dwCode = 0;
GetExitCodeProcess(ShExecInfo.hProcess, &dwCode);