题目地址:https://pintia.cn/problem-sets/994805342720868352/problems/994805358663417856
我的思路和这篇文章一样:https://blog.csdn.net/qq_30490125/article/details/50898531
题意要求我们找到确定起点和终点的最短路。
要求1:N,M分别表示道路交汇点的个数和道路的条数;
要求2:从题意理解oneWay代表该道路是单行道;
要求3:最短路不唯一,输出用时最短的那条;最短用时不唯一,输出经过道路交汇点最少的那条。
(道路不存在小于0的权值,用Dijkstra算法即可。)
程序步骤:
第一步、我们建立二维数组存储链接信息;
第二步、Dijkstra查找确定终点和起点的最短路(比一般的Dijkstra多添加了一个用时数组);
第三步、取出上一步确定的路径,用栈将路径转化为正向存储;
第四步、由于题目要求我们求用时最短的最短路,将二维数组改造后即可用相同的Dijkstra算法来处理。
第五步、取出上一步确定的路径,用栈将路径转化为正向存储;
第六步、比较输出即可。
#include <iostream>
#include <vector>
#include <algorithm>
#include <string>
#include <map>
#include<stack>
#include<queue>
using namespace std;
const int MaxN = 501;
const int Inf = 0x3fffffff;
struct node {
int l=Inf; //length
int t=Inf; //time
};
//N is the total number of streets intersections on a map
//M is the number of streets
int N, M;
node G[MaxN][MaxN];
int dis[MaxN], path[MaxN];
bool vis[MaxN];
int tim[MaxN],inter[MaxN]; //到各个顶点花费时间, intersection岔路口
void PrintN(vector<int> a) {
for (int i = 0; i < a.size(); i++) {
cout << a[i];
if (i < a.size() - 1)
cout << " -> ";
}
cout << endl;
}
//Find shortest path, return the length
int Dijkstra_s(int v1,int v2, vector<int> &short_p) {
fill(dis, dis + MaxN, Inf);
fill(tim, tim + MaxN, Inf);
fill(path, path + MaxN, -1);
fill(vis, vis + MaxN, false);
dis[v1] = 0;
tim[v1] = 0;
for (int ii = 0; ii < N; ii++) {
//找未访问的distance最小的结点u
int u = -1, MIN = Inf;
for (int i = 0; i < N; i++) {
if (dis[i] < MIN && vis[i] == false) {
u = i;
MIN = dis[i];
}
}
if (u == -1)
break;
vis[u] = true;
//以u为中转更新dis
for (int j = 0; j < N; j++) {
if (vis[j] == false && G[u][j].l!=Inf) {
if (dis[j] > dis[u] + G[u][j].l) {
dis[j] = dis[u] + G[u][j].l;
tim[j] = tim[u] + G[u][j].t;
path[j] = u;
}
//长度相同,时间更短
else if (dis[j] == dis[u] + G[u][j].l && tim[j] > tim[u] + G[u][j].t) {
dis[j] = dis[u] + G[u][j].l;
tim[j] = tim[u] + G[u][j].t;
path[j] = u;
}
}
}
}
//求最短路径,写入short_p
stack<int> s;
int i = v2;
while (i!= -1) {
s.push(i);
i = path[i];
}
while (!s.empty()) {
short_p.push_back(s.top());
s.pop();
}
return dis[v2];
}
//Find the fastest path, return the time
int Dijikstra_f(int v1,int v2, vector<int> &fast_p) {
fill(inter, inter + MaxN, -1);
fill(tim, tim + MaxN, Inf);
fill(path, path + MaxN, -1);
fill(vis, vis + MaxN, false);
inter[v1] = 0;
tim[v1] = 0;
for (int ii = 0; ii < N; ii++) {
//找未访问的tim最小的结点u
int u = -1, MIN = Inf;
for (int i = 0; i < N; i++) {
if (tim[i] < MIN && vis[i] == false) {
u = i;
MIN = tim[i];
}
}
if (u == -1)
break;
vis[u] = true;
//以u为中转更新tim
for (int j = 0; j < N; j++) {
if (vis[j] == false && G[u][j].t != Inf) {
if (tim[j] > tim[u] + G[u][j].t) {
tim[j] = tim[u] + G[u][j].t;
inter[j] = inter[u] + 1;
path[j] = u;
}
//时间相同,交叉路口更少
else if (tim[j] == tim[u] + G[u][j].t && inter[j]>inter[u]+1) {
tim[j] = tim[u] + G[u][j].t;
inter[j] = inter[u] + 1;
path[j] = u;
}
}
}
}
//求最短时间路径,写入fast_p
stack<int> s;
int i = v2;
while (i!= -1) {
s.push(i);
i = path[i];
}
while (!s.empty()) {
fast_p.push_back(s.top());
s.pop();
}
return tim[v2];
}
int main() {
//freopen("input.txt", "r", stdin);
cin >> N >> M;
for (int i = 0; i < M; i++) {
int v1, v2, oneWay, l, t;
cin >> v1 >> v2 >> oneWay >> l >> t;
G[v1][v2].l = l;
G[v1][v2].t = t;
if (oneWay == 0) {
G[v2][v1].l = l;
G[v2][v1].t = t;
}
}
int v1, v2;
cin >> v1 >> v2;
vector<int> short_p, fast_p;
int d=Dijkstra_s(v1,v2,short_p);
int t=Dijikstra_f(v1,v2,fast_p);
//Output
if (short_p != fast_p) {
cout << "Distance = " << d << ": ";
PrintN(short_p);
cout << "Time = " << t << ": ";
PrintN(fast_p);
}
else {
cout << "Distance = " << d << "; Time = "<< t << ": ";
PrintN(short_p);
}
return 0;
}