PAT A1060 Are They Equal (25 分)

题目

题目地址：
https://pintia.cn/problem-sets/994805342720868352/problems/994805413520719872
If a machine can save only 3 significant digits, the float numbers 12300 and 12358.9 are considered equal since they are both saved as 0.123×10^5
​​ with simple chopping. Now given the number of significant digits on a machine and two float numbers, you are supposed to tell if they are treated equal in that machine.

Input Specification:
Each input file contains one test case which gives three numbers N, A and B, where N (<100) is the number of significant digits, and A and B are the two float numbers to be compared. Each float number is non-negative, no greater than 10^100
​​ , and that its total digit number is less than 100.

Output Specification:
For each test case, print in a line YES if the two numbers are treated equal, and then the number in the standard form 0.d[1]…d[N]*10^k (d[1]>0 unless the number is 0); or NO if they are not treated equal, and then the two numbers in their standard form. All the terms must be separated by a space, with no extra space at the end of a line.

Note: Simple chopping is assumed without rounding.

Sample Input 1:
3 12300 12358.9
Sample Output 1:
YES 0.12310^5
Sample Input 2:
3 120 128
Sample Output 2:
NO 0.12010^3 0.128*10^3

代码

这道题让我熟悉了string方法的使用，我收获很多，虽然花了近两个小时。

#include <iostream>
#include <string>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <set>
#include<string>

using namespace std;

//对str进行修改，使其位数为N
bool Get_reg_digits(string &str,int N) {
	while (str.size() < N)	//有效数字缺0
		str = str + "0";
	str.erase(N , str.size() - N);	//有效数字过多

	if (str[0] == '0')	//全为0
		return false;
	else 
		return true;
}

//将str修改为科学计数法的有效数字，e为输出科学计数法指数，N为有效数字
void deal(string &str, int N, int &e) {
	string str_out;
	int i = 1;//i=1，输出调试值

	//去掉前导零
	while ( str[0] == '0' && str.size()>1)
		str.erase(str.begin());


	//确定指数
	e = str.find(".");

	//没有小数点，形如"32500"
	if (e == string::npos)
	{
		e = str.size();
		if(Get_reg_digits(str, N)==false){
			e = 0;	
		}
		return;
	}

	//形如".a"
	if (str[0] == '.') {
		str.erase(e, 1);	//删除'.'
		//去掉前导零
		while (str[0] == '0' && str.size() > 1) {
			str.erase(str.begin());
			e--;
		}
		if (Get_reg_digits(str, N) == false) {
			e = 0;
		}
		return;
	}

	//形如"a.b"的情况
	str.erase(e, 1);	//删除'.'
	Get_reg_digits(str, N);
	return;
}

int main() {
	int N;
	cin >> N;
	string str1,str2;
	cin >> str1 >> str2;
	//输出元素,指数e	
	int e1=0,e2=0;

	deal(str1, N, e1);
	deal(str2, N, e2);
	if (str1==str2 && e1==e2) {
		cout << "YES " << "0."<< str1 << "*10^" << e1 << endl;
	}
	else {
		cout << "NO " << "0." << str1 << "*10^" << e1 << " ";
		cout << "0." << str2 << "*10^" << e2 << endl;
	}

	return 0;
}