servlet请求转发，响应，重定向

概述

请求转发，是服务器内部资源的一种跳转方式，当浏览器访问服务器的某一种资源时，这个资源请求另一种资源进行处理的过程，叫请求转发。

请求转发的特点：

1,请求转发整个过程是一次请求、一次响应
2,请求转发前后，浏览器地址栏地址不会发生变化（浏览器–访问–>A–转发–>B，地址栏地址始终指向A的地址）
3,请求转发前后的request对象是同一个
4,转发前后的两个资源必须属于同一个Web应用，否则将无法进行转发
5,使用代码: request.getRequestDispatcher(访问目的资源的路径).forward(request,response);
6,也可以使用 setAttribute()/getAttribute()来验证

代码

package cn.tedu.servlet.forwordtest;

import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.annotation.WebServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import java.io.IOException;

@WebServlet("/AServlet")
public class AServlet extends HttpServlet {
    protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {

    }

    protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
        System.out.println("Aservlet被执行！");
        //实现请求转发：想让Aservlet调用Bservlet
        //两个资源可以互相调用，但是必须在同一项目中
        //请求转发的实质就是一次请求：在AServlet添加请求的数据
        request.setAttribute("name","rose");
        request.getRequestDispatcher("/BServlet").forward(request,response);
    }
}

package cn.tedu.servlet.forwordtest;

import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.annotation.WebServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import java.io.IOException;

@WebServlet("/BServlet")
public class BServlet extends HttpServlet {
    protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {

    }

    protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
        System.out.println("Bservlet被执行！");
        Object data = request.getAttribute("name");
        System.out.println(data);
    }
}

2.响应response

package cn.tedu.Response;

import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.annotation.WebServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.PrintWriter;

@WebServlet("/ResponseServlet")
public class ResponseServlet extends HttpServlet {
    protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {

    }

    protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
    //浏览器响应数据
        //1.获取写出流
        PrintWriter out = response.getWriter();
        //2.正式写出数据--写到浏览器
        out.write("hello~~~ ");
    }
}

中文乱码，解决方式

package cn.tedu.Response;

import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.annotation.WebServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.PrintWriter;

@WebServlet("/ResponseServlet")
public class ResponseServlet extends HttpServlet {
    protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {

    }

    protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
        response.setContentType("text/html;charset=utf-8");
        //浏览器响应数据
        //1.获取写出流
        PrintWriter out = response.getWriter();
        //2.正式写出数据--写到浏览器
        out.write("hello~~~ ");
        out.write("hello~~~ ");
        out.write("hello~~~ ");

        out.write("我是中国人！！！");
    }
}

3.重定向

概述：a对响应做出判断，不能直接去找b，给服务器反馈一个信息，然后服务器去响应b