2 Spring boot整合rabbitMQ

一、大概步骤

spring boot项目中只需要引入对应的amqp启动器依赖即可，方便的使用RabbitTemplate发送消息，使用注解接收消息。
一般在开发过程中：
生产者工程：
1. application.yml文件配置RabbitMQ相关信息；
2. 在生产者工程中编写配置类，用于创建交换机和队列，并进行绑定
3. 注入RabbitTemplate对象，通过RabbitTemplate对象发送消息到交换机
消费者工程：
1. application.yml文件配置RabbitMQ相关信息
2. 创建消息处理类，用于接收队列中的消息并进行处理
 

二、生产者

创建项目producer

2.1 pom.xml配置

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

    <parent>
        <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
        <version>2.1.5.RELEASE</version>
    </parent>
    <groupId>org.example</groupId>
    <artifactId>producer</artifactId>
    <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>

    <properties>
        <maven.compiler.source>8</maven.compiler.source>
        <maven.compiler.target>8</maven.compiler.target>
    </properties>
    <dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-amqp</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>

</project>

注意：不能没有

 <parent>
        <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
        <version>2.1.5.RELEASE</version>
    </parent>

2.2 配置启动类

package xiaoxu.rabbit;

import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;

/**
 * 启动类
 */
@SpringBootApplication
public class ProducerApplication {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SpringApplication.run(ProducerApplication.class);
    }
}

2.3 配置application.yml

spring:
  rabbitmq:
    host: localhost
    virtual-host: /rabbit
    username: rabbit
    password: rabbit
    port: 5672

2.4 生产者配置类

package xiaoxu.rabbit.config;

import org.springframework.amqp.core.*;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Qualifier;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;

/**
 * 生产者配置类
 */
@Configuration
public class RabbitMQConfig {
    //声明队列名字
    public static final String XU_QUEUE = "xu_queue";

    public static final String XU_TOPIC_EXCHANGE = "xu_topic_exchange";
    //1、队列
    @Bean("xuQueue")
    public Queue xuQueue(){
        return QueueBuilder.durable(XU_QUEUE).build();
    }
    //2、交换机
    @Bean("xuTopicExchange")
    public Exchange topicExchange(){
        return ExchangeBuilder.topicExchange(XU_TOPIC_EXCHANGE).durable(true).build();
    }
    //3、绑定队列到交换机
    @Bean
    public Binding  xuQueueExchange(@Qualifier("xuQueue") Queue queue,
                                    @Qualifier("xuTopicExchange") Exchange exchange){
    return BindingBuilder.bind(queue).to(exchange).with("xu.#").noargs();
    }
}

注意：各个注解的作用

三、消费者

创建消费者consumer项目

3.1 pom.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

    <parent>
        <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
        <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
        <version>2.1.5.RELEASE</version>
    </parent>
    <groupId>org.example</groupId>
    <artifactId>consumer</artifactId>
    <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>

    <properties>
        <maven.compiler.source>8</maven.compiler.source>
        <maven.compiler.target>8</maven.compiler.target>
    </properties>

    <dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-amqp</artifactId>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>
</project>

3.2 启动类

package xiaoxu.consumer.rabbit;

import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;

/**
 * 消费者启动类
 */
@SpringBootApplication
public class ConsumerApplication {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SpringApplication.run(ConsumerApplication.class,args);
    }
}

3.3 application.yml

spring:
  rabbitmq:
    host: localhost
    virtual-host: /rabbit
    username: rabbit
    password: rabbit
    port: 5672

3.4 消费者监听配置类

package xiaoxu.consumer.rabbit.config;

import org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.annotation.RabbitListener;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;

@Component
public class MyListener {

    @RabbitListener(queues = "xu_queue") //监听队列为 xu_queue
    public void myListener1(String message){
        System.out.println("消费者接收到的消息为：" + message);
    }
}

四、测试配置类（producer）

import javafx.application.Application;
import org.junit.Test;
import org.junit.runner.RunWith;
import org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.core.RabbitTemplate;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.boot.test.context.SpringBootTest;
import org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringRunner;
import xiaoxu.rabbit.ProducerApplication;
import xiaoxu.rabbit.config.RabbitMQConfig;


@RunWith(SpringRunner.class)//@Autowired自动注入的类才会生效
@SpringBootTest(classes = ProducerApplication.class)  //测试注解
public class RabbitMQTest {

    @Autowired
    private RabbitTemplate rabbitTemplate;

    @Test
    public void test(){
        //创建3条消息
        rabbitTemplate.convertAndSend(RabbitMQConfig.XU_TOPIC_EXCHANGE,"xu.insert","商品新增，routing key 为xu.insert");
        rabbitTemplate.convertAndSend(RabbitMQConfig.XU_TOPIC_EXCHANGE,"xu.update","商品新增，routing key 为xu.update");
        rabbitTemplate.convertAndSend(RabbitMQConfig.XU_TOPIC_EXCHANGE,"xu.delete","商品新增，routing key 为xu.delete");
    }

}

注意：

生产者：

编写的测试类RabbitMQTest，利用RabbitTemplate发送3条消息，这3条消息的路由key分别是item.insert，item.update，item.delete

消费者：在IDEA控制台查看是否能接收到符合路由key的消息