SpringCloud(四)——Consul服务注册与发现

一、Consul简介

1.Consul是什么？

2.能干嘛？

服务发现：提供HTTP和DNS两种发现方式

• 健康监测：支持多种协议，HTTP、TCP、Docker、Shell脚本定制化
• KV存储：key , Value的存储方式
• 多数据中心：Consul支持多数据中心
• 可视化Web界面

3.去哪下？

https://www.consul.io/downloads.html

4.怎么玩？

参考官网：https://www.springcloud.cc/spring-cloud-consul.html

二、安装并运行Consul

1.官网安装说明：

https://learn.hashicorp.com/consul/getting-started/install.html

2.下载完成后只有一个consul.exe文件，硬盘路径下双击运行，查看版本信息

3.使用开发模式启动

• consul agent -dev
• 通过以下地址可以访问Consul的首页：http;//localhost:8500
  
  说明Consul安装并启动成功！

三、服务提供者

• 新建Module支付服务provider8006，cloud-providerconsul-payment8006
• 改pom文件

<dependencies>
       
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-consul-discovery</artifactId>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.atguigu.springcloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>cloud-api-commons</artifactId>
            <version>${project.version}</version>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-actuator</artifactId>
        </dependency>

       
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-devtools</artifactId>
            <scope>runtime</scope>
            <optional>true</optional>
        </dependency>

        
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
            <artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
            <optional>true</optional>
        </dependency>

       
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
            <scope>test</scope>
        </dependency>

• 写yml文件

server:
  port: 8006


spring:
  application:
    name: consul-provider-payment
  cloud:
    consul:
      host: localhost
      port: 8500
      discovery:
        service-name: ${spring.application.name}

• 主启动类

@SpringBootApplication
@EnableDiscoveryClient
public class PaymentMain8006 {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SpringApplication.run(PaymentMain8006.class,args);
    }
}

• 业务类Controller

@RestController
@Slf4j
public class PaymentController {

    @Value("${server.port}")
    private String serverPort;

    @GetMapping(value = "/payment/consul")
    public String paymentConsul(){
        return "springcloud with consul: "+serverPort+"\t"+ UUID.randomUUID().toString();
    }
}

• 验证测试：http://localhost:8006/payment/consul
  

四、服务消费者

• 新建Module消费服务order8006，cloud-consumerconsul-order80
• 改pom文件

<dependencies>
        
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-consul-discovery</artifactId>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.atguigu.springcloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>cloud-api-commons</artifactId>
            <version>${project.version}</version>
        </dependency>


       
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
        </dependency>

       
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-actuator</artifactId>
        </dependency>

       
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-devtools</artifactId>
            <scope>runtime</scope>
            <optional>true</optional>
        </dependency>

      
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
            <artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
            <optional>true</optional>
        </dependency>

       
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
            <scope>test</scope>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>

• 写yml

server:
  port: 80


spring:
  application:
    name: consul-consumer-order
  cloud:
    consul:
      host: localhost
      port: 8500
      discovery:
        service-name: ${spring.application.name}
 
 

• 主启动类

@SpringBootApplication
@EnableDiscoveryClient
public class OrderConsulMain80 {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SpringApplication.run(OrderConsulMain80.class,args);
    }
}

• 配置Bean

package com.atguigu.springcloud.config;

import org.springframework.cloud.client.loadbalancer.LoadBalanced;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import org.springframework.web.client.RestTemplate;

@Configuration
public class ApplicationContextConfig {
    //必须加上这两个注解
    @LoadBalanced  
    @Bean
    public RestTemplate getRestTemplate(){
        return new RestTemplate();
    }

}

• 业务类Controller

package com.atguigu.springcloud.controller;


@RestController
@Slf4j
public class OrderConsulController {

    public static final String INVOME_URL = "http://consul-provider-payment";

    @Resource 
    private RestTemplate restTemplate;

    @GetMapping("/consumer/payment/consul")
    public String payment (){
      String result = restTemplate.getForObject(INVOME_URL+"/payment/consul",String.class);
      return result;
    }


}

• 验证测试：http://localhost/consumer/payment/consul
  
  测试成功！

五、Eureka，Zookeeper，Consul三个注册中心的异同点

前提：需要了解什么是CAP

• C:Consistency(强一致性)
• A:Availability(可用性)
• P:Partition tolerance(分区容错)

CAP理论关注粒度是数据，而不是整体系统设计的策略

经典CAP图


Eureka(AP模型)

Zookeeper/Consul(CP)