C++ async与packaged_task

#include <iostream>
#include <thread>
#include <future>

//子线程进行赋值，主线程进行获取
void task1(int a, int b, std::promise<int>& ret)
{
    int ret_a = a * a;
    int ret_b = b * 2;
    ret.set_value(ret_a + ret_b);
}

int task2(int a, int b)
{
    int ret_a = a * a;
    int ret_b = b * 2;
    return ret_a + ret_b;
}

//子线程进行赋值，主线程进行获取
int main1()
{
    std::promise<int> p_ret;
    std::future<int> f = p_ret.get_future();
    std::thread t(task1, 1, 2, std::ref(p_ret));

    //do something else
    //
    //get the return value
    std::cout << "return value is " << f.get() << std::endl;//get()只能进行一次
    t.join();
}

int main()
{
    /*
    std::async
    */
    std::future<int> f = std::async(task2, 1, 2);
    //以上等价于std::async(std::launch::async | std::launch::deferred, task2, 1, 2);
    
    //std::future<int> f = std::async(std::launch::async,task2, 1, 2);//创建一个新的线程
    //std::future<int> f = std::async(std::launch::deferred, task2, 1, 2);//延时调用
    std::cout << "return value is " << f.get() << std::endl;//get()只能进行一次


    /*
    std::packaged_task
    */
    //std::packaged_task<int(int, int)> t(task2);//对任务进行包装
    //t(1, 2);
    //std::cout << "return value is " << t.get_future().get() << std::endl;

    //auto a = std::bind(task2, 1, 2);
    //std::packaged_task<int()> t(a);
    //t();
    //std::cout << "return value is " << t.get_future().get() << std::endl;

    auto a = std::bind(task2, 1, 2);
    int ret = a();
    std::cout << "return value is " << ret << std::endl;
}