java上传和下载文件使用教程

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前言

本篇文章介绍java中文件的上传和下载，亲测可用，所用案例为springboot项目。

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一、引入库

<!-- SpringBoot Web容器 -->
<dependency>
	<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
	<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
</dependency>

二、上传文件

1.前台

<!-- 上传start-->
<div class="nest">
    <div class="title-alt">
        <h6>上传文件</h6>
    </div>
    <div class="body-nest">
        <div id="upload" width="120px" height="120px" background-color="black">
            <form id="uploadForm" action="/file/upload" method="post" enctype="multipart/form-data">
                <input type="file" name="file">
                <button type="submit" class="btn btn-primary" style="margin-top: 5px;">
                    <span class="entypo-plus-squared"></span>&nbsp;&nbsp;上传
                </button>
            </form>
        </div>

    </div>
</div>
</div>
<!-- 上传end -->

2.后台

package com.student.controller;

import com.student.sys.common.domain.AjaxResult;
import org.apache.shiro.authz.annotation.RequiresPermissions;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.ui.ModelMap;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PostMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestParam;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ResponseBody;
import org.springframework.web.multipart.MultipartFile;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import java.io.BufferedInputStream;
import java.io.BufferedOutputStream;
import java.io.File;
import java.io.FileInputStream;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.net.URLEncoder;

/**
 * Create by zjg on 2024/3/16
 */
@Controller
@RequestMapping("file/")
public class StudentFileController {
    /**
     * 文件上传功能
     * @param file
     * @return
     * @throws IOException
     */
    @PostMapping("upload")
    @ResponseBody
    public  AjaxResult upload(@RequestParam("file") MultipartFile file) throws IOException {
        String root = System.getProperty("user.dir");
        // 文件名
        String fileName = root+File.separator+"file/upload"+File.separator+file.getOriginalFilename();
        System.out.println(fileName);
        File dest = new File(fileName);
        // 判断目标文件所在目录是否存在
        if(!dest.getParentFile().exists()) {
            // 如果目标文件所在的目录不存在，则创建父目录
            dest.getParentFile().mkdirs();
        }
        // 将内存中的数据写入磁盘
        file.transferTo(dest);
        return AjaxResult.success();
    }
}

3.测试

三、下载文件(chrome)

1.前台

<!-- 下载start-->
<div class="nest" id="Blank_PageClose">
     <div class="title-alt">
         <h6>下载文件</h6>
     </div>
     <div class="body-nest" id="Blank_Page_Content">
         <div id="download" width="120px" height="120px" background-color="black">
             <form id="downloadForm" action="/file/download" method="get">
                 <input type="text" name="fileName" class="download-input">
                 <button type="submit" class="btn btn-info">
                     <span class="entypo-trash"></span>&nbsp;&nbsp;下载
                 </button>
             </form>
         </div>

     </div>
 </div>
 <!-- 下载end -->

2.后台

package com.student.controller;

import com.student.sys.common.domain.AjaxResult;
import org.apache.shiro.authz.annotation.RequiresPermissions;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.ui.ModelMap;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PostMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestParam;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ResponseBody;
import org.springframework.web.multipart.MultipartFile;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import java.io.BufferedInputStream;
import java.io.BufferedOutputStream;
import java.io.File;
import java.io.FileInputStream;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.net.URLEncoder;

/**
 * Create by zjg on 2024/3/16
 */
@Controller
@RequestMapping("file/")
public class StudentFileController {
    /**
     * 文件下载功能
     * @param fileName
     * @throws Exception
     */
    @GetMapping("/download")
    @ResponseBody
    public AjaxResult download(String fileName,HttpServletResponse response) throws Exception{
        String root = System.getProperty("user.dir");
        fileName=root+File.separator+"file/download"+File.separator+fileName;
        System.out.println(fileName);
        File file = new File(fileName);
        if(!file.exists()){
            return AjaxResult.error(404,"文件不存在");
        }
        //获取输入流
        InputStream bis = new BufferedInputStream(new FileInputStream(file));
        //转码，免得文件名中文乱码
        fileName = URLEncoder.encode(fileName,"UTF-8");
        //设置文件下载头
        response.addHeader("Content-Disposition", "attachment;filename=" + fileName);
        //1.设置文件ContentType类型，这样设置，会自动判断下载文件类型
        response.setContentType("multipart/form-data");
        BufferedOutputStream out = new BufferedOutputStream(response.getOutputStream());
        int len = 0;
        while((len = bis.read()) != -1){
            out.write(len);
            out.flush();
        }
        out.close();
        return AjaxResult.success();
    }
}

3.测试

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总结

回到顶部
而我受过的伤，就是我的勋章。