【第3章】获取bean的几种方式

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前言

这里主要介绍通过xml配置文件完成spring的配置,以及获取bean对象的几种方式。

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一、介绍

spring从容器中获取bean的方式主要有

1. 根据id
2. 根据类型
3. 根据id和类型
   根据类型获取bean应该确保容器中为单例bean,如果有多个同类型bean存在会报错

<!-- 没有scope配置默认是单例-->
<bean id="user" class="org.example.po.User" scope="singleton"></bean>
<bean id="user" class="org.example.po.User" scope="prototype"></bean>

二、代码部分

1. 根据id获取bean

<bean id="user" class="org.example.po.User"></bean>

User user1= (User) context.getBean("user");
System.out.println("1.根据id获取bean:"+user1);

2.根据类型获取bean

<bean id="user" class="org.example.po.User"></bean>

User user2= context.getBean(User.class);
System.out.println("2.根据类型获取bean:"+user2);

3.根据id和类型获取bean

<bean id="user" class="org.example.po.User"></bean>

User user3= context.getBean("user",User.class);
System.out.println("3.根据id获取bean:"+user3);

4.根据类型,获取接口实现类

package org.example.dao;
public interface UserDao {
    public void add();
}

package org.example.dao.impl;
import org.example.dao.UserDao;
public class UserDaoImpl implements UserDao {
    @Override
    public void add() {
        System.out.println("UserDaoImpl...add");
    }
}

<bean id="userDaoImpl" class="org.example.dao.impl.UserDaoImpl"></bean>

UserDao userDao= context.getBean(UserDao.class);
System.out.println("4.根据类型获取接口实现类:"+userDao);
userDao.add();

5. FactoryBean

package org.example.factory;

import org.example.po.User;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.FactoryBean;

public class MyFactoryBean implements FactoryBean<User> {
    @Override
    public User getObject() throws Exception {
        return new User();
    }

    @Override
    public Class<?> getObjectType() {
        return User.class;
    }
}

<!--FactoryBean-->
<bean id="myFactoryBean" class="org.example.factory.MyFactoryBean"></bean>

User user = context.getBean("myFactoryBean", User.class);
System.out.println("5.根据FactoryBean获取bean:"+user);

FactoryBean实际上返回的就是User类型的对象

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总结

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