前言
对接口请求参数校验是每一个开发人员都必须熟知且善用的功能,是保证程序健壮性的基石。
除引入方式不同,使用方式和SpringMvc基本一致。
一、参数校验
1. 引入库
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-validation</artifactId>
</dependency>
2. 全局异常处理
package org.example.springboot3.config;
import jakarta.validation.ConstraintViolationException;
import org.example.springboot3.bigevent.entity.Result;
import org.springframework.util.StringUtils;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ExceptionHandler;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestControllerAdvice;
/**
* Create by zjg on 2024/5/23
*/
@RestControllerAdvice
public class GlobalExceptionHandler {
@ExceptionHandler(ConstraintViolationException.class)
public Result exceptionHadler(ConstraintViolationException ex){
return error(ex);
}
@ExceptionHandler(Exception.class)
public Result exceptionHadler(Exception ex){
return error(ex);
}
private Result error(Exception ex){
return Result.error(StringUtils.hasLength(ex.getMessage())?ex.getMessage():"操作失败");
}
}
3. 控制器类
package org.example.springboot3.bigevent.controller;
import jakarta.validation.constraints.Pattern;
import org.example.springboot3.bigevent.entity.Result;
import org.example.springboot3.bigevent.entity.User;
import org.example.springboot3.bigevent.service.UserSerivce;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.validation.annotation.Validated;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;
/**
* Create by zjg on 2024/5/22
*/
@RequestMapping("/user/")
@RestController
@Validated
public class UserController1 {
@Autowired
UserSerivce userSerivce;
@RequestMapping("register")
public Result register(@Pattern(regexp = "^\\S{6,20}$",message = "用户名长度为6-20位") String username,@Pattern(regexp = "^\\S{8,20}$",message = "密码为8-20位") String password){
User user=userSerivce.findUserByName(username);
if(user==null){//用户不存在,可以注册
int i=userSerivce.addUser(username,password);
if(i!=1){
return Result.error("失败注册,请稍后重新注册!");
}
}else{
return Result.error("该用户已存在,请重新注册!");
}
return Result.success();
}
}
4. 响应
{"code":1,"message":"register.username: 用户名长度为6-20位, register.password: 密码为8-20位","data":null}
二、对象校验
上面只有两个参数,我们可以直接校验,但是参数过多的时候我们都会直接使用对象校验。
1.实体类
校验写在实体类对象对应属性上
package org.example.springboot3.bigevent.entity;
import com.baomidou.mybatisplus.annotation.IdType;
import com.baomidou.mybatisplus.annotation.TableId;
import jakarta.validation.constraints.Pattern;
import lombok.Getter;
import lombok.Setter;
import lombok.ToString;
import java.time.LocalDateTime;
@Getter
@Setter
@ToString
public class User {
@TableId(type=IdType.AUTO)
private Integer id;//主键ID
@Pattern(regexp = "^\\S{6,20}$",message = "用户名长度为6-20位")
private String username;//用户名
@Pattern(regexp = "^\\S{8,20}$",message = "密码为8-20位")
private String password;//密码
private String nickname;//昵称
private String email;//邮箱
private String userPic;//用户头像地址
private LocalDateTime createTime;//创建时间
private LocalDateTime updateTime;//更新时间
}
2.控制器类
package org.example.springboot3.bigevent.controller;
import jakarta.validation.Valid;
import jakarta.validation.constraints.Pattern;
import org.example.springboot3.bigevent.entity.Result;
import org.example.springboot3.bigevent.entity.User;
import org.example.springboot3.bigevent.service.UserSerivce;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.validation.annotation.Validated;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;
/**
* Create by zjg on 2024/5/22
*/
@RequestMapping("/user/")
@RestController
@Validated
public class UserController1 {
@Autowired
UserSerivce userSerivce;
@RequestMapping("register1")
public Result register1(@Valid User user){
if(userSerivce.findUserByName(user.getUsername())==null){//用户不存在,可以注册
int i=userSerivce.addUser(user.getUsername(),user.getPassword());
if(i!=1){
return Result.error("失败注册,请稍后重新注册!");
}
}else{
return Result.error("该用户已存在,请重新注册!");
}
return Result.success();
}
}
3. 全局异常处理
对象数据校验信息太繁琐,我们简化到关键信息
package org.example.springboot3.config;
import jakarta.validation.ConstraintViolationException;
import org.example.springboot3.bigevent.entity.Result;
import org.springframework.util.StringUtils;
import org.springframework.validation.BindingResult;
import org.springframework.validation.FieldError;
import org.springframework.web.bind.MethodArgumentNotValidException;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ExceptionHandler;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestControllerAdvice;
import java.util.stream.Collectors;
/**
* Create by zjg on 2024/5/23
*/
@RestControllerAdvice
public class GlobalExceptionHandler {
@ExceptionHandler(MethodArgumentNotValidException.class)
public Result exceptionHadler(MethodArgumentNotValidException ex){//对象数据校验信息太繁琐,我们简化到关键信息
BindingResult bindingResult = ex.getBindingResult();
if(bindingResult.hasFieldErrors()){
String message = bindingResult.getFieldErrors().stream().map(FieldError::getDefaultMessage).collect(Collectors.joining(";"));
return error(message);
}
return error(ex);
}
@ExceptionHandler(Exception.class)
public Result exceptionHadler(Exception ex){
return error(ex);
}
private Result error(String message){
return Result.error(message);
}
private Result error(Exception ex){
return Result.error(StringUtils.hasLength(ex.getMessage())?ex.getMessage():"操作失败");
}
}
4. 响应
{"code":1,"message":"用户名长度为6-20位;密码为8-20位","data":null}