8.8、HttpServletRequest

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最新推荐文章于 2023-01-31 13:13:28 发布

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分类专栏： # Java web 文章标签： Javaweb

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HttpServletRequest代表客户端的请求，用户通过http协议访问服务器，HTTP请求中的所有信息会被封装到HttpServletRequest对象中，通过HttpServletRequest的方法，可以获取客户端的所有信息

公共接口类HttpServletRequest继承自ServletRequest。客户端浏览器发出的请求被封装成为一个HttpServletRequest对象。对象包含了客户端请求信息包括请求的地址，请求的参数，提交的数据，上传的文件客户端的ip甚至客户端操作系统都包含在其内。

1.获取参数、请求转发

index.jsp

<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %>
<html>
<head>
    <title>登录</title>
</head>
<body>
    <%--这里提交的路径，需要寻找项目的路径--%>
    <%--${pageContext.request.contextPath}代表当前的项目--%>
    <form action="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/login" method="post">
        用户名:<input type="text" name="username"><br>
        用户名:<input type="password" name="password"><br>
        爱好:
        <input type="checkbox" name="hobbys" value="美女">美女
        <input type="checkbox" name="hobbys" value="黄金">黄金
        <input type="checkbox" name="hobbys" value="权利">权利
        <input type="checkbox" name="hobbys" value="江山">江山
        <br>
        <input type="submit">
    </form>

</body>
</html>

success.jsp

<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %>
<html>
<head>
    <title>登录成功</title>
</head>
<body>
<h1>success</h1>

</body>
</html>

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app xmlns="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee
                      http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_4_0.xsd"
         version="4.0"
         metadata-complete="true">

    <servlet>
        <servlet-name>LoginServlet</servlet-name>
        <servlet-class>com.kuang.servlet.LoginServlet</servlet-class>
    </servlet>
    <servlet-mapping>
        <servlet-name>LoginServlet</servlet-name>
        <url-pattern>/login</url-pattern>
    </servlet-mapping>
</web-app>

package com.kuang.servlet;

import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.Arrays;

public class LoginServlet extends HttpServlet {

    @Override
    protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {

        req.setCharacterEncoding("utf-8");
        resp.setCharacterEncoding("utf-8");

        String username = req.getParameter("username");
        String password = req.getParameter("password");
        String[] hobbys = req.getParameterValues("hobbys");

        System.out.println("=================");
        System.out.println(username);
        System.out.println(password);

        System.out.println(Arrays.toString(hobbys));
        System.out.println(req.getContextPath());
        //通过请求转发
        //这里的 / 代表当前web应用
        req.getRequestDispatcher("/success.jsp").forward(req,resp);

        System.out.println("=================");
    }

    @Override
    protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {
        doGet(req, resp);
    }
}

测试