#include<bits/stdc++.h>
#define ll long long
using namespace std;
ll a,b,c,d;
int main(){
int T;scanf("%d",&T);
while(T--){
scanf("%lld%lld%lld%lld",&a,&b,&c,&d);
if(a>(c*b)){
puts("-1");
continue;
}
ll t=a/(b*d);
ll ans=a*(t+1)-(t+1)*t/2*(b*d);
printf("%lld\n",ans);
}
return 0;
}