JavaWeb项目的中文乱码的原因以及Servlet中处理GET请求和POST请求编码过滤器

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一、乱码原因

①传输方和接收方采用的编码不一致。传输方对参数采用的是UTF-8编码而接收方却用GBK进行解析，当然是乱码。

②Tomcat服务器默认采用的ISO8859-1编码得到参数值。虽然①中采用了同样的编码方式，但经过tomcat一处理，也会出现乱码(GET方式)

 

二、解决办法

方法一 每次传输都手动设置编码(GET方式传输数据)

传输方
String name = URLEncoder.encode("张三","UTF-8");
String path = "http://localhost:8008/xyWeb/xyServlet?name=" + name;

接收方
String name = new String(request.getParameter("name").getBytes("ISO8859-1"),"UTF-8");

若传输方默认采用UTF-8编码就没有必要每次写，但接收方每次都写太烦，可考虑过滤器。

 

方法二(过滤器)

/** * 编码过滤器 *  * @author xy *  */public class EncodingFilter implements Filter{ private String encoding; public void init(FilterConfig fConfig) throws ServletException {  encoding = fConfig.getInitParameter("encoding"); } public void doFilter(ServletRequest request, ServletResponse response, FilterChain chain) throws Exception {  HttpServletRequest httprequest = (HttpServletRequest) request;  if ("GET".equals(httprequest.getMethod()))  {   // 将httpRequest进行包装   EncodingHttpServletRequest wrapper = new EncodingHttpServletRequest(httprequest, encoding);    chain.doFilter(wrapper, response);  }  else  {   request.setCharacterEncoding(encoding);   response.setContentType("text/html;charset=" + encoding);   chain.doFilter(request, response);  } } public void destroy() { }}/** * httpRequest进行包装类 *  * @author xy *  */public class EncodingHttpServletRequest extends HttpServletRequestWrapper{ private HttpServletRequest request; private String encoding; public EncodingHttpServletRequest(HttpServletRequest request) {  super(request);  this.request = request; } public EncodingHttpServletRequest(HttpServletRequest request,String encoding) {  super(request);  this.request = request;  this.encoding = encoding;   } @Override public String getParameter(String name) {  String value = request.getParameter(name);  if (null != value)  {   try   {    // tomcat默认以ISO8859-1处理GET传来的参数。把tomcat上的值用ISO8859-1获取字节流，再转换成UTF-8字符串    value = new String(value.getBytes("ISO8859-1"), encoding);   }   catch (UnsupportedEncodingException e)   {    e.printStackTrace();   }  }  return value; }}

  <filter>    <display-name>EncodingFilter</display-name>    <filter-name>EncodingFilter</filter-name>    <filter-class>cn.xy.filter.EncodingFilter</filter-class>    <init-param>      <description></description>      <param-name>encoding</param-name>      <param-value>UTF-8</param-value>    </init-param>  </filter>  <filter-mapping>    <filter-name>EncodingFilter</filter-name>    <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>  </filter-mapping>

           

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