补充：特殊句型（虚拟语气、情态动词）

目录

1.虚拟语气

1.1虚拟语气的一般用法

1.2虚拟语气的特殊用法

2.情态动词

2.1情态动词表示对现在和将来的推测

2.2情态动词表示对过去的推测

3.插入语

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1.虚拟语气

什么是虚拟语气？

虚拟语气表示与事实相反，或者语气委婉

1.1虚拟语气的一般用法

if引导的条件状语从句

• if you are a tear in my eyes ， i will never shed it (条件状语从句)

英语中成双成对出现的，一般都要加s------>eyes

• if i was a dog last night ， i could sleep with you in bed（条件状语从句）

如何把一个正常的条件状语从句，变成虚拟语气呢？

只需要把已经写好的时态，变成过去式就行了。并且在虚拟语气中，be动词的过去式，只有were，没有was。并且，could = would = might

• if you were a tear in my eyes ， i would never shed it
• if i had been a dog last night ， i could have slept with you in bed

1.2虚拟语气的特殊用法

1.以下情况，从句用should + v 表示虚拟，并且should可以省略

• 以防：in case、lest、for fear that
• 命（命令）：order 、direct、command
• 贱（建议）：adverse、suggest、propose
• 要求：ask、request、demand、require
• 用虚拟：
• 是必要的：it is necessary that....

翻译成上面的意思时候

• in case that you should develop fatal infections，you had better to stay at home
• it seems crucial that more activities should be attended to show myself

2.以下情况，从句用一般过去时表示虚拟

常见的有两个：would rather 和 it is high time that ....

• it is high time that the independence of kids were cultivated by senior citizens

3.以下情况要区别对待

就是把他本来的时态，写成过去式就行了

常见的词有：wish、if only、but for、or / otherwise、as if、as though 等

• if only i were you children
• if only i had been your children

2.情态动词

表明说话人主观态度的词汇，因为只能表示态度，没有动作，所以情态动词不能做谓语

情态动词后面加动词原形，情态动词就相当于一个助动词

2.1情态动词表示对现在和将来的推测

情态动词+动词原形

• you must be very rich

2.2情态动词表示对过去的推测

• he must have been self-biased in his university

must have done：一定做过某事

• you need not have shown your-love in this way

need not have done：本没必要做某事，但是做了

• i could have become a prominent poet

could have done：本能够做某事，但是没有做，表示遗憾

• we should have got married if there exists a chance

should have done：本应该做某事，但是没有做

3.插入语

定义：通常是定语、状语或者同位语，放在句子的主谓之间。用破折号或者逗号隔开