如何实现python和js实时通信
目前前端的许多通信都不是实时,基本都是后端人员将数据发布到服务器,然后前端人员去服务器调用数据。当数据不停变化时这种方法就很难实现这种需求。
今天给大家带来一种介绍一种新的通信方式websocket,什么是websocket就不给大家详细的介绍,直接上代码
前端代码
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head lang="en">
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<title></title>
</head>
<body>
<div>
<input type="text" id="txt"/>
<input type="button" id="btn" value="提交" onclick="sendMsg();"/>
<input type="button" id="close" value="关闭连接" onclick="closeConn();"/>
</div>
<div id="content"></div>
<script type="text/javascript">
var socket = new WebSocket("ws://127.0.0.1:8017/chatsocket");
socket.onopen = function () {
/* 与服务器端连接成功后,自动执行 */
var newTag = document.createElement('div');
newTag.innerHTML = "【连接成功】";
document.getElementById('content').appendChild(newTag);
};
socket.onmessage = function (event) {
/* 服务器端向客户端发送数据时,自动执行 */
var response = JSON.parse(event.data);
console.log(response)
var txt = document.getElementById('txt');
txt.value=response.way20000000[0][0]
var newTag = document.createElement('div');
newTag.innerHTML = response.way20000000[0][0];
document.getElementById('content').appendChild(newTag);
};
socket.onclose = function (event) {
/* 服务器端主动断开连接时,自动执行 */
var newTag = document.createElement('div');
newTag.innerHTML = "【关闭连接】";
document.getElementById('content').appendChild(newTag);
};
function sendMsg() {
var txt = document.getElementById('txt');
var c={'a':3,'c':'b'}
var d=JSON.stringify(c)
socket.send(d);
console.log(txt.value)
txt.value = "";
}
function closeConn() {
socket.close();
var newTag = document.createElement('div');
newTag.innerHTML = "【关闭连接】";
document.getElementById('content').appendChild(newTag);
}
</script>
</body>
</html>
这里面有一些界面显示,div元素提取,如果不懂前端也不要紧,因为会有数据输出在编辑框下面。接下来给大家附上py代码
#!/usr/bin/env python
# -*- coding:utf-8 -*-
import socket
import base64
import hashlib
import json
def get_headers(data):
"""
将请求头格式化成字典
:param data:
:return:
"""
header_dict = {}
data = str(data, encoding='utf-8')
header, body = data.split('\r\n\r\n', 1)
header_list = header.split('\r\n')
for i in range(0, len(header_list)):
if i == 0:
if len(header_list[i].split(' ')) == 3:
header_dict['method'], header_dict['url'], header_dict['protocol'] = header_list[i].split(' ')
print('qe%s',header_dict)
else:
k, v = header_list[i].split(':', 1)
header_dict[k] = v.strip()
print('12%s23',header_dict[k])
return header_dict
def send_msg(conn, msg_bytes):
"""
WebSocket服务端向客户端发送消息
:param conn: 客户端连接到服务器端的socket对象,即: conn,address = socket.accept()
:param msg_bytes: 向客户端发送的字节
:return:
"""
import struct
token = b"\x81"
print('!!!---!!',msg_bytes)
length = len(msg_bytes)
if length < 126:
token += struct.pack("B", length)
elif length <= 0xFFFF:
token += struct.pack("!BH", 126, length)
else:
token += struct.pack("!BQ", 127, length)
msg = token + msg_bytes
# print('!!!---!!%s',msg)
conn.send(msg)
return True
def run():
sock = socket.socket(socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_STREAM)
sock.setsockopt(socket.SOL_SOCKET, socket.SO_REUSEADDR, 1)
sock.bind(('127.0.0.1', 8017))
sock.listen(5)
conn, address = sock.accept()
data = conn.recv(1024)
headers = get_headers(data)
response_tpl = "HTTP/1.1 101 Switching Protocols\r\n" \
"Upgrade:websocket\r\n" \
"Connection:Upgrade\r\n" \
"Sec-WebSocket-Accept:%s\r\n" \
"WebSocket-Location:ws://%s%s\r\n\r\n"
value = headers['Sec-WebSocket-Key'] + '258EAFA5-E914-47DA-95CA-C5AB0DC85B11'
ac = base64.b64encode(hashlib.sha1(value.encode('utf-8')).digest())
response_str = response_tpl % (ac.decode('utf-8'), headers['Host'], headers['url'])
print('asd%s',response_str)
conn.send(bytes(response_str, encoding='utf-8'))
print('----!!!')
# y以上部分属于握手连接部分
while True:
# for i in range(10,1000):
# x=i
body1=json_data
body1=json.dumps(body1)
send_msg(conn,body1.encode('utf-8'))
try:
print('------')
info = conn.recv(8096)
# send_msg(conn,'12')
print('!!!%s',info[1])
except Exception as e:
info = None
if not info:
# print('123')
break
payload_len = info[1] & 127
if payload_len == 126:
extend_payload_len = info[2:4]
mask = info[4:8]
decoded = info[8:]
elif payload_len == 127:
extend_payload_len = info[2:10]
mask = info[10:14]
decoded = info[14:]
else:
extend_payload_len = None
mask = info[2:6]
decoded = info[6:]
bytes_list = bytearray()
for i in range(len(decoded)):
chunk = decoded[i] ^ mask[i % 4]
bytes_list.append(chunk)
print('aaa--',bytes_list)
bytes_list1=json.loads(bytes_list)
# body = str(bytes_list, encoding='utf-8')
print('aaa1--',bytes_list1['a'])
#以上部分是获取js发过来的数据并且解码
# print('111%sbody',body)
sock.close()
with open('last_map_data.json','r')as fp:
print(111)
json_data = json.load(fp)
# print(json_data)
run()
这里open里面的文件你可以自己随便写一个json格式的文件夹,这样整个代码就通啦。