如何写一个android服务

               

1.android服务简介

android服务的分类还是蛮多的，网上有现成的博客讲解的很好，我就不重复了，连接如下：

http://www.cnblogs.com/newcj/archive/2011/05/30/2061370.html

本文主要介绍一种常见的服务：通知栏有图标和文字的服务，既可以做自己的事情，也可以供其他activity调用，专业术语描述为 前台服务（可startService也可以bindService）

2.原理和流程

• 要创建前台服务，我们只需要提供一个通知栏图标并且调用startForeground即可
• 要让服务自己做自己的事情，很简单，在onCreate或者onStartCommand的时候起一个Thread即可
• 想要和服务通信、调用服务提供的函数，只需要在onBind的时候返回一个IBinder对象，通过IBinder对象可以获取当前Service对象的引用，有了引用就可以调用服务提供的函数了。
• 最后一条，服务要在xml里面配置        
  <service android:name="com.scott.sayhi.MyService" >
  </service>
  

3.MyService.java

/** * @author scott * */public class MyService extends Service { private final static String TAG = "MyService"; private NotificationManager notificationMgr;    private boolean canRun =true; private String retString = null; //用于和外界交互 private final IBinder binder = new MyBinder(); public class MyBinder extends Binder {  MyService getService()  {   return MyService.this;  } } @Override public void onCreate() {  Thread thr = new Thread(null, new ServiceWorker(), "BackgroundSercie");     thr.start();    super.onCreate(); }  @Override public IBinder onBind(Intent intent) {  Log.d(TAG, String.format("on bind,intent = %s", intent.toString()));  notificationMgr = (NotificationManager) getSystemService(NOTIFICATION_SERVICE);     displayNotificationMessage("服务已启动");     return binder; }  @Override public int onStartCommand(Intent intent, int flags, int startId) {  Log.d(TAG, "start action="+intent.getAction());  notificationMgr = (NotificationManager) getSystemService(NOTIFICATION_SERVICE);     displayNotificationMessage("服务已启动", true);     return super.onStartCommand(intent, flags, startId); } @Override public void onDestroy() {  stopForeground(true);  canRun = false;  super.onDestroy(); } public String getImage(String url) {  return "19"; } public String getRetString() {  return retString; } //loginValidate 为service提供给外部调用的函数 public boolean loginValidate(String userName, String password) throws Exception {  String uriString = "http://www.renyugang.cn/blog/admin/admin_check.jsp";  boolean ret = false;  Log.d("scott", "enter myservice start loginvalidate");  try  {   DefaultHttpClient httpClient = new DefaultHttpClient();   HttpResponse response;   HttpPost httpPost = new HttpPost(uriString);   List<NameValuePair> nvps = new ArrayList<NameValuePair>();   nvps.add(new BasicNameValuePair("name", userName));   nvps.add(new BasicNameValuePair("password", password));   httpPost.setEntity(new UrlEncodedFormEntity(nvps, HTTP.UTF_8));   response = httpClient.execute(httpPost);   HttpEntity entity = response.getEntity();   retString = EntityUtils.toString(entity);   retString = str_Filter(retString);   if (response.getStatusLine().getStatusCode() == 200)   {    if(retString.equals("") == false)    {     if (retString.startsWith("用户名") == true)     {      ret = false;     }     else     {      ret = true;     }     Log.d("retcontent", retString);     Log.d("info", userName+password);     Log.d("ret", ""+ret);    }   }  }   catch (Exception e)  {   throw e;  }  return ret; } public String str_Filter(String strSource) {  String strPattern = "(?i)(\r\n|\r|\n|\n\r)";  strSource.trim();  Pattern p = Pattern.compile(strPattern);  Matcher m = p.matcher(strSource);  if (m.find())   {   strSource = strSource.replaceAll("(\r\n|\r|\n|\n\r)", "");  }  return strSource; } //为服务设置图标和文字描述 private void displayNotificationMessage(String message, boolean isForeground) {     Notification notification = new Notification(R.drawable.icon, message,       System.currentTimeMillis());     PendingIntent contentIntent = PendingIntent.getActivity(this, 0,       new Intent(this, MyActivity.class), 0);     notification.setLatestEventInfo(this, "My Service", message,       contentIntent);     MyService.this.startForeground(R.id.app_notification_id, notification); }     private void displayNotificationMessage(String message) {     Notification notification = new Notification(R.drawable.icon, message,       System.currentTimeMillis());     PendingIntent contentIntent = PendingIntent.getActivity(this, 0,       new Intent(this, MyActivity.class), 0);     notification.setLatestEventInfo(this, "我的通知", message,       contentIntent);     notificationMgr.notify(R.id.app_notification_id + 1, notification);   }    //ServiceWorker service自身的线程，用于做自己的事情，这里为了表示服务的确在运行，每2秒打印一次log信息。 class ServiceWorker implements Runnable {   int counter = 0;  @Override    public void run()   {      // do background processing here.....      while(canRun)   {    Log.d("scott", ""+counter);    counter ++;    try    {     Thread.sleep(2000);    }     catch (InterruptedException e)     {     e.printStackTrace();    }   }  }    }    }

4.如何使用服务

private MyService mMyService;private ServiceConnection mServiceConnection = new ServiceConnection(){ @Override public void onServiceDisconnected(ComponentName name) {  // TODO Auto-generated method stub } @Override public void onServiceConnected(ComponentName name, IBinder service)  {  // bindService成功的时候返回service的引用  MyBinder myBinder = (MyBinder)service;  mMyService = myBinder.getService(); }}//启动服务Intent intentService = new Intent(MyActivity.this, MyService.class);intentService.setFlags(Intent.FLAG_ACTIVITY_NEW_TASK);intentService.setAction("scott");//bindService用于和service进行交互MyActivity.this.bindService(intentService, mServiceConnection, BIND_AUTO_CREATE);//startService用于启动service但是不和其交互startService(intentService);