ThreadLocal本地线程副本变量如何做到线程隔离

        如果你创建了一个ThreadLocal变量，那么访问这个变量的每个线程都会有这个变量的一个本地拷贝，多个线程操作这个变量的时候，实际是操作自己本地内存里面的变量，从而起到线程隔离的作用，避免了线程安全问题.

内部两个关键方法用来存放value和获取value:

    /**
     * Sets the current thread's copy of this thread-local variable
     * to the specified value.  Most subclasses will have no need to
     * override this method, relying solely on the {@link #initialValue}
     * method to set the values of thread-locals.
     *
     * @param value the value to be stored in the current thread's copy of
     *        this thread-local.
     */
    public void set(T value) {
        Thread t = Thread.currentThread();
        ThreadLocalMap map = getMap(t);
        if (map != null)
            map.set(this, value);
        else
            createMap(t, value);
    }

调用set时, ThreadLocal会根据当前线程来查找当前线程的ThreadLocalMap, 然后以ThreadLocal作为key将value保存到map中;

    /**
     * Returns the value in the current thread's copy of this
     * thread-local variable.  If the variable has no value for the
     * current thread, it is first initialized to the value returned
     * by an invocation of the {@link #initialValue} method.
     *
     * @return the current thread's value of this thread-local
     */
    public T get() {
        Thread t = Thread.currentThread();
        ThreadLocalMap map = getMap(t);
        if (map != null) {
            ThreadLocalMap.Entry e = map.getEntry(this);
            if (e != null) {
                @SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
                T result = (T)e.value;
                return result;
            }
        }
        return setInitialValue();
    }

 调用get时也是根据当前线程来获取map的, 然后从map中取value.

Thread类有个类型为ThreadLocalMap的成员变量threadLocals, 用于存放变量, 所以需要把副本变量保存到这里

看一下ThreadLocalMap内部, 是一个Entry, 将key和value存放到Entry[]中

static class Entry extends WeakReference<ThreadLocal<?>> {
            /** The value associated with this ThreadLocal. */
            Object value;

            Entry(ThreadLocal<?> k, Object v) {
                super(k);
                value = v;
            }
        }