Java的GUI编程---Swing介绍

Swing

窗口，面板

package com.akita.lesson03;

import javax.swing.*;
import java.awt.*;

public class JFrameDemo02 {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        new MyJFrame02().init();
    }
}

class MyJFrame02 extends JFrame {
    public void init() {
        this.setBounds(200, 200, 500, 500);
        //获得一个容器，只有这样设置颜色才会生效
        Container contentPane = this.getContentPane();
        contentPane.setBackground(Color.CYAN);

        //设置文字
        JLabel jLabel = new JLabel("akita");
        this.add(jLabel);

        //让文本标签居中
        jLabel.setHorizontalAlignment(SwingConstants.CENTER);

        setVisible(true);
    }
}

弹窗

package com.akita.lesson03;

import javax.swing.*;
import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.ActionEvent;
import java.awt.event.ActionListener;

//主窗口
public class DialogDemo extends JFrame {

    public DialogDemo() {
        this.setSize(500, 350);
        this.setLocation(300, 300);
        this.setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);

        //JFrame 放东西容器
        Container contentPane = this.getContentPane();

        //绝对布局
        contentPane.setLayout(null);

        //按钮
        JButton jButton = new JButton("点击弹出对话框");
        jButton.setBounds(30, 30, 200, 50);
        //点击这个按钮弹出一个弹窗
        jButton.addActionListener(new ActionListener() {  //监听器
            @Override
            public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
                //弹窗
                new MyDialogDD();
            }
        });
        contentPane.add(jButton);
        
        this.setVisible(true);
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        new DialogDemo();
    }
}

//弹窗的窗口
class MyDialogDD extends JDialog {
    public MyDialogDD() {
        this.setBounds(100, 100, 500, 500);
        Container contentPane = this.getContentPane();
        contentPane.setLayout(null);
        Label akita = new Label("akita");
        akita.setSize(50, 50);
        contentPane.add(akita);
        this.setVisible(true);
    }
}

标签

JLabel

JLabel jLabel = new JLabel("标签");

• Icon

package com.akita.lesson03;

import javax.swing.*;
import java.awt.*;

//图标是一个接口，需要实现类，并继承JFrame
public class IconDemo extends JFrame implements Icon {

    private int width;
    private int height;

    public IconDemo() {

    }

    public IconDemo(int width, int height) {
        this.width = width;
        this.height = height;
    }

    public void init() {
        IconDemo iconDemo = new IconDemo(15, 15);
        //图标要放在标签上
        JLabel jLabel = new JLabel("icon_test", iconDemo, SwingConstants.CENTER);
        Container contentPane = getContentPane();
        contentPane.add(jLabel);

        this.setBounds(200,200,400,340);
        this.setVisible(true);
        this.setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
    }


    public static void main(String[] args) {
        new IconDemo().init();
    }

    @Override
    public void paintIcon(Component c, Graphics g, int x, int y) {
        g.fillOval(x, y, width, height);

    }

    @Override
    public int getIconWidth() {
        return this.width;
    }

    @Override
    public int getIconHeight() {
        return this.height;
    }
}

ImageIcon

package com.akita.lesson03;

import javax.swing.*;
import java.awt.*;
import java.net.URL;

public class ImageIconDemo extends JFrame {

    public ImageIconDemo() {
        JLabel akita = new JLabel("akita");
        //获取图片地址
        URL url = ImageIconDemo.class.getResource("icon.png");

        ImageIcon imageIcon = new ImageIcon(url);
        akita.setIcon(imageIcon);
        akita.setHorizontalAlignment(SwingConstants.CENTER);

        Container container = getContentPane();
        container.add(akita);

        setVisible(true);
        setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
        setBounds(200, 200, 500, 500);
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        new ImageIconDemo();
    }
}

面板

JPanel

package com.akita.lesson04;

import com.akita.lesson03.JFrameDemo;

import javax.swing.*;
import java.awt.*;

public class JPanelDemo extends JFrame {
    public JPanelDemo() {
        this.setBounds(100, 100, 400, 400);
        this.setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
        Container container = this.getContentPane();
        container.setLayout(new GridLayout(2, 2, 10, 10));

        JPanel jPanel1 = new JPanel(new GridLayout(1, 3));
        JPanel jPanel2 = new JPanel(new GridLayout(1, 2));
        JPanel jPanel3 = new JPanel(new GridLayout(2, 1));
        JPanel jPanel4 = new JPanel(new GridLayout(3, 2));

        jPanel1.add(new JButton("1"));
        jPanel1.add(new JButton("1"));
        jPanel1.add(new JButton("1"));

        jPanel2.add(new JButton("2"));
        jPanel2.add(new JButton("2"));

        jPanel3.add(new JButton("3"));
        jPanel3.add(new JButton("3"));

        jPanel4.add(new JButton("4"));
        jPanel4.add(new JButton("4"));
        jPanel4.add(new JButton("4"));
        jPanel4.add(new JButton("4"));
        jPanel4.add(new JButton("4"));
        jPanel4.add(new JButton("4"));

        container.add(jPanel1);
        container.add(jPanel2);
        container.add(jPanel3);
        container.add(jPanel4);

        this.setVisible(true);
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        new JPanelDemo();
    }
}

运行结果

JScrollPane

package com.akita.lesson04;

import javax.swing.*;
import java.awt.*;

public class JScrollDemo extends JFrame {
    public JScrollDemo() {
        Container contentPane = this.getContentPane();

        //文本域
        JTextArea jTextArea = new JTextArea(20, 50);
        jTextArea.setText("akita");

        //Scroll面板
        JScrollPane jScrollPane = new JScrollPane(jTextArea);
        jScrollPane.setBackground(new Color(1, 1, 1));

        contentPane.add(jScrollPane);

        this.setVisible(true);
        this.setBounds(100, 100, 300, 300);

        this.setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);

    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        new JScrollDemo();
    }
}

运行效果

按钮

带图片的按钮

package com.akita.lesson04;

import javax.swing.*;
import java.awt.*;
import java.net.URL;

public class JButtonDemo01 extends JFrame {
    public JButtonDemo01() {
        Container container = this.getContentPane();

        //把图片转化成图标
        URL url = JButtonDemo01.class.getResource("icon.png");
        ImageIcon icon = new ImageIcon(url);

        //把这个图标放置在按钮上
        JButton jButton = new JButton();
        jButton.setIcon(icon);
        jButton.setToolTipText("akita");

        //add
        container.add(jButton);

        setVisible(true);
        setBounds(100, 100, 200, 200);
        setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);


    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        new JButtonDemo01();
    }
}

运行效果

单选按钮

package com.akita.lesson04;

import javax.swing.*;
import java.awt.*;

public class JButtonDemo02 extends JFrame {
    public JButtonDemo02() {
        Container container = this.getContentPane();

        //单选框
        JRadioButton radioButton1 = new JRadioButton("radioButton1");
        JRadioButton radioButton2 = new JRadioButton("radioButton2");
        JRadioButton radioButton3 = new JRadioButton("radioButton3");

        //由于单选框只能选择一个，所以我们通常对他们进行分组
        ButtonGroup buttonGroup = new ButtonGroup();
        buttonGroup.add(radioButton1);
        buttonGroup.add(radioButton2);
        buttonGroup.add(radioButton3);

        //add
        container.add(radioButton1, BorderLayout.CENTER);
        container.add(radioButton2, BorderLayout.NORTH);
        container.add(radioButton3, BorderLayout.SOUTH);


        this.setVisible(true);
        this.setBounds(200, 200, 500, 350);
        this.setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        new JButtonDemo02();
    }
}

运行效果

多选按钮

package com.akita.lesson04;

import javax.swing.*;
import java.awt.*;

public class JButtonDemo03 extends JFrame {
    public JButtonDemo03() {
        Container container = this.getContentPane();


        //多选框
        JCheckBox jCheckBox1 = new JCheckBox("jCheckBox1");
        JCheckBox jCheckBox2 = new JCheckBox("jCheckBox2");

        container.add(jCheckBox1, BorderLayout.NORTH);
        container.add(jCheckBox2, BorderLayout.SOUTH);


        this.setVisible(true);
        this.setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
        this.setBounds(200, 200, 400, 250);
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        new JButtonDemo03();
    }
}

运行效果

列表

下拉框

package com.akita.lesson05;

import javax.swing.*;
import java.awt.*;

public class TestComboboxDemo01 extends JFrame {
    public TestComboboxDemo01() {
        Container container = this.getContentPane();
        container.setBackground(new Color(1, 1, 1));

        JComboBox jComboBox = new JComboBox();
        jComboBox.addItem("love");
        jComboBox.addItem("lee");
        jComboBox.addItem("wzz");

        container.add(jComboBox);

        this.setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
        this.setBounds(200, 200, 400, 250);
        this.setVisible(true);
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        new TestComboboxDemo01();
    }
}

运行效果

列表框

package com.akita.lesson05;

import javax.swing.*;
import java.awt.*;

public class TestComboboxDemo02 extends JFrame {
    public TestComboboxDemo02() {
        Container container = this.getContentPane();

        //生成列表内容
        String[] contents = {"akita", "wzz", "lee"};
        JList jList = new JList(contents);

        container.add(jList);

        this.setVisible(true);
        this.setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
        this.setBounds(200, 200, 500, 350);
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        new TestComboboxDemo02();
    }
}

运行效果

应用场景

• 对于下拉框可以设置选择地区，或者一些单个选项
• 列表框，用于展示信息，一般是动态扩容

文本框

文本框

package com.akita.lesson05;

import javax.swing.*;
import java.awt.*;

public class TestTextDemo01 extends JFrame {
    public TestTextDemo01() {
        Container container = this.getContentPane();

        JTextField jTextField1 = new JTextField("hello");
        JTextField jTextField2 = new JTextField("world", 20);

        container.add(jTextField1, BorderLayout.NORTH);
        container.add(jTextField2, BorderLayout.SOUTH);

        this.setVisible(true);
        this.setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
        this.setBounds(200, 200, 400, 250);
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        new TestTextDemo01();
    }
}

运行效果

密码框

package com.akita.lesson05;

import javax.swing.*;
import java.awt.*;

public class TestTextDemo02 extends JFrame {
    public TestTextDemo02() {
        Container container = this.getContentPane();

        JPasswordField passwordField = new JPasswordField();
        passwordField.setEchoChar('*');

        container.add(passwordField);

        this.setVisible(true);
        this.setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
        this.setBounds(200, 200, 400, 350);
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        new TestTextDemo02();
    }
}

运行效果

文本域

package com.akita.lesson05;

import javax.swing.*;
import java.awt.*;

public class TestTextDemo03 extends JFrame {
    public TestTextDemo03() {
        Container container = this.getContentPane();

        //文本域
        JTextArea jTextArea = new JTextArea(20, 50);
        jTextArea.setText("hello world!");

        //scroll面板
        JScrollPane jScrollPane = new JScrollPane(jTextArea);
        container.add(jScrollPane);


        this.setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
        this.setVisible(true);
        this.setBounds(300, 300, 400, 250);

    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        new TestTextDemo03();
    }
}

运行效果