被动语态的形式

1、被动语态的构成和含义

1. 如果主语是动作的承受者，则用动词的被动语态作谓语。
2. 被动语态的构造：
   be+动词过去分词···by sb.

• 例句：
  1. 他被妈妈带到了美国。
     He is taken to America by his mother.

3. 被动语态有各种时态：
   • The information is needed by us.
   • The book was being read by him.
   • The computer has been used by her.
   • The room will be cleaned.
   • The computer could have been used by them.

2、被动语态和情态动词结合

1. 被动语态可以和情态动词结合：
   • can/could+be+动词过去分词
   • may/might
   • must/have to
   • should/ought to
   • had better/would rather
   • used to/would
   • need+doing/to be +动词过去分词
2. 和情态动词结合的形式：
   1. The food could be taken away.
   2. The food might be taken away.
   3. The food must be taken away.
   4. The food should be taken away.
   5. The food needs taking away.
   6. The food had better be taken away.
   7. Books used to be returned in to days.

4、（by+行为者）可省略

• 动作的行为者不分明，或不重要，或上下文提到了行为者时。“by+行为者”可以省略。
• 例句：
  1. The information is needed.
  2. The book is being read.
  3. The door was opened.

5、被动语态的疑问句

1. 被动语态的一般疑问句：助动词+主语+（其它助动词）+动词过去分词？

• 例句：
  1. Is the information needed by him?
     回答：Yes,it is./No,it isn’t.
  2. Has the computer been used by her？
     回答：Yes,it has./No,it hasn’t.
  3. Will the room be cleaned?
     回答：Yes,it will./No,it won’t.

2. 被动语态的特殊疑问句：疑问词+助动词+主语+（其它动词）+动词过去分词？

• 例句：
  1. The information is needed by them.
     What is neede by them?
  2. The girl is taken to Guizhou.
     Where is the gril taken?
  3. The book has been read three times.
     How many times has the book been read?