假设的用法

1、只单纯表示条件

1. 条件状语从句。用“if”引导条件状语从句，从句为现在时，通常翻译为“如果···”。

• 例句：
  1. If you get up early，you will catch up with the train.

2. if引导的条件状语从句，可以放在句首，也可以放在句尾。

• 例句：
  1. If you ask him，he will help you.
  2. She will be upset if you fail the exam.

2、与现在事实相反的虚拟语气

1. if从句式一种虚拟的条件或假设，和现在事实相反的。主句时态具体如下：

• 从句：被动过去式（be用were）
• 主句：would/could/should/might+动词原形
• 例句：
  1. If I were you， I would join them.
  2. She would come with you if you invted her.

3、与过去事实相反的虚拟语气

1. if从句是一种虚拟的条件或假设，和过去事实相反的。

• 主从句的时态具体如下：
• 从句：had+动词过去分词
• 主句：would/could/should/might+have+动词过去分词
• 例句：
  1. If I had got there earlier, I should have met her.
  2. If he had taken my abvice,he would not have made such a mistake.

4、wish/as if +过去时/过去完成时

1. wish后面的从句，翻译为：“希望···就好了”，是不可能实现的假设。
   • 与现在事实相反的愿望
     I wish I were as tall as you.(一般过去时）
   • 与过去事实相反的愿望
     He wished he hadn’t said that.(过去完成时）
   • 将来不大可能实现的愿望
     I wish it would rain tomorrow.(would/should/could)
2. as if，翻译为“看起来好像···”
   • 如果从句表示与现在事实相反。
     You look as if you didn’t care.
   • 从句表示与过去事实相反。
     He talks about Rome as if he had been there before.
   • 从句表示与将来事实相反。
     He opened his mouth as if he would say something.