shardingsphere 5.1水平分表及workId设置，java类配置方法

1.引入依赖

    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.apache.shardingsphere</groupId>
        <artifactId>shardingsphere-jdbc-core</artifactId>
        <version>5.1.0</version>
    </dependency>

2.配置数据及分表规则

2.1.数据库配置。

因为只用到分表，所以只有一个库。

package cn.com.config;

import javax.sql.DataSource;
import cn.com.config.InitWorkerId;
import com.alibaba.druid.pool.DruidDataSource;
import com.google.common.collect.Lists;
import org.apache.shardingsphere.driver.api.ShardingSphereDataSourceFactory;
import org.apache.shardingsphere.driver.jdbc.core.datasource.ShardingSphereDataSource;
import org.apache.shardingsphere.infra.config.RuleConfiguration;
import org.apache.shardingsphere.infra.config.algorithm.ShardingSphereAlgorithmConfiguration;
import org.apache.shardingsphere.infra.instance.ComputeNodeInstance;
import org.apache.shardingsphere.sharding.api.config.ShardingRuleConfiguration;
import org.apache.shardingsphere.sharding.api.config.rule.ShardingTableRuleConfiguration;
import org.apache.shardingsphere.sharding.api.config.strategy.keygen.KeyGenerateStrategyConfiguration;
import org.apache.shardingsphere.sharding.api.config.strategy.sharding.StandardShardingStrategyConfiguration;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Primary;
import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j;
import org.springframework.data.redis.core.RedisTemplate;
import java.sql.SQLException;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map;
import java.util.Properties;

@Slf4j
@Configuration
public class DataSource4Inject {

  @Autowired
  private RedisTemplate<String, String> redisTemplate;

  @Bean(name = "dataSource")
  @Primary
  public DataSource dataSource() throws SQLException {
    //数据源Map
    Map<String, DataSource> dsMap = new HashMap<>();
    // Druid连接池可以根据需要自己配置
    DataSource dataSource = new DruidDataSource();
    //配置主库
    dsMap.put("ds", dataSource);
    //配置分片规则
    List<RuleConfiguration> ruleConfigs = Lists.newArrayList();
    // user表分表规则规则
    ruleConfigs.add(getUserRuleConfig());
    //创建DS
    // 可选参数
    Properties prop = new Properties();
    // 打印sql
    prop.setProperty("sql-show", "true");
    // 创建sharding数据源
    DataSource source = ShardingSphereDataSourceFactory.createDataSource(dsMap, ruleConfigs, prop);
    // 获取sharding上下文
    ComputeNodeInstance instance = ((ShardingSphereDataSource) source).getContextManager().getInstanceContext().getInstance();
    // 获取workId及设置workId
    Long workerId = InitWorkerId.getInstance(redisTemplate);
    instance.setWorkerId(workerId);
    return source;
  }

  /**
   * 分表配置
   */
  private ShardingRuleConfiguration getUserRuleConfig() {
    ShardingRuleConfiguration shardJdbcConfig = new ShardingRuleConfiguration();
    //把逻辑表和真实表的对应关系添加到分片规则配置中
    shardJdbcConfig.getTables().add(getTableRule01());
    //设置表的分片规则（数据的水平拆分） 根据userid分表
    shardJdbcConfig.setDefaultTableShardingStrategy(new StandardShardingStrategyConfiguration
            ("user_id", "user-role-inline"));
    //设置分表策略
    Properties props = new Properties();
    shardJdbcConfig.getShardingAlgorithms().put("user-role-inline",
            new ShardingSphereAlgorithmConfiguration("UserRoleAlgorithm", props));
    //设置主键生成策略
    // * 雪花算法
    Properties idProperties = new Properties();
    shardJdbcConfig.getKeyGenerators().put("snowflake", new ShardingSphereAlgorithmConfiguration("SNOWFLAKE", idProperties));

    return shardJdbcConfig;
  }

  /**
   * 数据表及id使用算法
   */
  private ShardingTableRuleConfiguration getTableRule01() {
    ShardingTableRuleConfiguration result = new ShardingTableRuleConfiguration("user_role", "ds.user_role_${0..15}");
    result.setKeyGenerateStrategy(new KeyGenerateStrategyConfiguration("id", "snowflake"));

    return result;
  }

}

2.2.自定义分表规则分表规则

package cn.com.config;

import org.apache.shardingsphere.sharding.api.sharding.standard.PreciseShardingValue;
import org.apache.shardingsphere.sharding.api.sharding.standard.RangeShardingValue;
import org.apache.shardingsphere.sharding.api.sharding.standard.StandardShardingAlgorithm;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
import java.util.Collection;

/**
 * 分表算法
 */
@Component
public class UserRoleAlgorithm implements StandardShardingAlgorithm<String> {
    /**
    * 根据用户id分成16个表
    */
    @Override
    public String doSharding(Collection<String> names, PreciseShardingValue<String> value) {
        //15 & ((h = key.hashCode()) ^ (h >>> 16))
        int h;
        return "user_role_" + (15 & ((h = value.getValue().hashCode()) ^ (h >>> 16)));
    }
    @Override
    public Collection<String> doSharding(Collection<String> collection, RangeShardingValue<String> rangeShardingValue) {
        return null;
    }
    @Override
    public void init() {

    }
    @Override
    public String getType() {
        return "UserRoleAlgorithm";
    }
}

使用自定义的分表规则，还需在resource下增加配置文件，并写入全包名
org.apache.shardingsphere.sharding.spi.ShardingAlgorithm

2.3 workId的生成

workId有很多生成方法，本站采用的是redis自增。

package cn.com.config.sharding;

import org.springframework.data.redis.core.RedisTemplate;
import org.springframework.data.redis.support.atomic.RedisAtomicLong;
import java.util.Objects;

public class InitWorkerId {
    
    private static Long workerId;

    public static Long getInstance(RedisTemplate<String, String> redisTemplate) {
        if (workerId == null) {
            synchronized (InitWorkerId.class) {
                if (workerId == null) {
                    RedisAtomicLong counter = new RedisAtomicLong("redis_work_id", Objects.requireNonNull(redisTemplate.getConnectionFactory()));
                    // workId最大值为1024 应该够用好久
                    workerId = (counter.incrementAndGet() % 1024);
                    return workerId;
                }
            }
        }
        return workerId;
    }
}

3. 关于workId的设置

在刚开始设置workId时，试了很多种方法都不生效。看了源码是InstanceContext类从ComputeNodeInstance节点中取出。没找到设置值得地方。所以最后使用最笨但有效的方法，从DataSource 中取出上下文，直接设置值。

    // 创建sharding数据源
    DataSource source = ShardingSphereDataSourceFactory.createDataSource(dsMap, ruleConfigs, prop);
    // 获取sharding上下文
    ComputeNodeInstance instance = ((ShardingSphereDataSource) source).getContextManager().getInstanceContext().getInstance();
    // 获取workId及设置workId
    Long workerId = InitWorkerId.getInstance(redisTemplate);
    instance.setWorkerId(workerId);

如果有更好的方法，可以评论。