XML的dom解析方式

使用dom方式解析xml并对xml进行增删改查的操作

创建xml文件：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" standalone="no"?>

<doctor>
    <name>李四</name>
    <age>25</age>
    <hobby>篮球</hobby>
</doctor>

刘君 19 乒乓球 王八 40

package pratice.xml;

import org.w3c.dom.Document;
import org.w3c.dom.Element;
import org.w3c.dom.Node;
import org.w3c.dom.NodeList;
import org.xml.sax.SAXException;
import javax.xml.parsers.DocumentBuilder;
import javax.xml.parsers.DocumentBuilderFactory;
import javax.xml.parsers.ParserConfigurationException;
import javax.xml.transform.Transformer;
import javax.xml.transform.TransformerConfigurationException;
import javax.xml.transform.TransformerException;
import javax.xml.transform.TransformerFactory;
import javax.xml.transform.dom.DOMSource;
import javax.xml.transform.stream.StreamResult;
import java.io.File;
import java.io.IOException;

public class DoctorTest {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        DoctorTest doctor=new DoctorTest();
        doctor.deleter();
        doctor.insert();
        doctor.update();
        doctor.showInfor();
    }
    Document doc=null;
    //查询功能
    public void showInfor()
    {
       //创建解析工厂
        DocumentBuilderFactory factory=DocumentBuilderFactory.newInstance();
        //创建解析器
        try {
            DocumentBuilder builder=factory.newDocumentBuilder();
            //输入解析文件
            doc=builder.parse("src/doctor.xml");
            //解析doctors节点
           NodeList doctorslist= doc.getElementsByTagName("doctors");
           //获取doctors的第一个节点
            Node doctorsnode=doctorslist.item(0);
            //获取它的doctor子节点
                NodeList doctorlist=((Element)doctorsnode).getElementsByTagName("doctor");
                //遍历doctor的节点
                for(int i=0;i<doctorlist.getLength();i++)
                {
                    //获取单个doctor节点
                    Node doctornode=doctorlist.item(i) ;
                    //去除换行，空格等节点
                    if(((Element)doctornode).getNodeType()==Node.ELEMENT_NODE)
                    {
                        //获取doctor的子节点name
                        NodeList namelist=((Element)doctornode).getElementsByTagName("name");
                        //获取doctor子节点age
                        NodeList agelist=((Element)doctornode).getElementsByTagName("age");
                        //由于我的xml中每一个doctor中只有一个age ，name节点就不需要进行遍历获取，直接通过下标获取即可
                        String name=((Element)namelist.item(0)).getTextContent();
                        String age=((Element)agelist.item(0)).getTextContent();
                        System.out.println("姓名："+name+"年龄："+age);
                    }
                }
        } catch (ParserConfigurationException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        } catch (SAXException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        } catch (IOException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }
    public void deleter()
    {
        DocumentBuilderFactory factory=DocumentBuilderFactory.newInstance();
        try {
            DocumentBuilder builder=factory.newDocumentBuilder();
            doc=builder.parse("src/doctor.xml");
            NodeList doctorslist=doc.getElementsByTagName("doctors");
            Node doctorsnode=doctorslist.item(0);
            NodeList doctorlist=((Element)doctorsnode).getElementsByTagName("doctor");
            for(int i=0;i<doctorlist.getLength();i++)
            {
               //只要是for循环首先去除空格和换行
               Node doctornode=doctorlist.item(i) ;
               if(doctornode.getNodeType()== Node.ELEMENT_NODE)
               {
                   NodeList namelist=((Element) doctornode).getElementsByTagName("name");
                   NodeList agelist=((Element) doctornode).getElementsByTagName("age");
                   String name=namelist.item(0).getTextContent();
                   String age=agelist.item(0).getTextContent();
                   if(name.equals("张三"))
                   {
                       doctornode.getParentNode().removeChild(doctornode);
                   }

               }
            }


        } catch (ParserConfigurationException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        } catch (SAXException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        } catch (IOException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
        this.save("src/doctor.xml");
    }
    //保存功能
    public void save(String path)
    {
        TransformerFactory factory=TransformerFactory.newInstance();
        try {
            Transformer form=factory.newTransformer();
            DOMSource source=new DOMSource(doc);
            StreamResult result=new StreamResult(new File(path));
            try {
                form.transform(source,result);
            } catch (TransformerException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
        } catch (TransformerConfigurationException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }
    //添加功能
    public void insert()
    {
       Element ele1= doc.createElement("doctor");
        Element ele11=doc.createElement("name");
        ele11.setTextContent("王八");
        Element ele12=doc.createElement("age");
        ele12.setTextContent("28");
        ele1.appendChild(ele11);
        ele1.appendChild(ele12);
        NodeList node=doc.getElementsByTagName("doctors");
            ((Element)node.item(0)).appendChild(ele1);

        this.save("src/doctor.xml");
    }
    public void update()
    {
        NodeList doctorlist=doc.getElementsByTagName("doctor");
        for(int i=0;i<doctorlist.getLength();i++)
        {
            Node doctornode=doctorlist.item(i);
            if(doctornode.getNodeType()==Node.ELEMENT_NODE)
            {
               Element doctorele=(Element) doctornode;
               NodeList namelist=doctorele.getElementsByTagName("name");
               Node namenode=namelist.item(0);
               NodeList agelist=doctorele.getElementsByTagName("age");
               Node agenode=agelist.item(0);
               Element ageele=(Element)agenode;
               Element nameele=(Element)namenode;
               if(nameele.getTextContent().equals("王八"))
               {
                   ageele.setTextContent("40");
               }
            }
        }
        this.save("src/doctor.xml");
    }
}