1. OGNL
1.1 OGNL的全称是Object Graph Navigation Language(对象图导航语言)，它是一种强大的表达式语言
1.2 OgnlContext(ongl上下文)其实就是Map （教室、老师、学生）
map 教室
OgnlContext=根对象(1)+非根对象(N)
老师：跟对象 1
学生：非根对象 n
非根对象要通过"#key"访问，根对象可以省略"#key"
注1：context:英文原意上下文，环境/容器
1.3 把根对象和非根对象说出来
重点：
1、一个上下文中只有一个根对象
2、取跟对象的值，只需要直接通过根对象属性即可
3、非根对象取值必须通过指定的上下文容器中的#key.属性去取。
1、ActionContext一次请求创建一次
2、值栈取值从上往下，取到为止，如果已经拿到，不再往下找。
2. ValueStack
2.1 值栈
先进后出的数据结构，弹夹 push/pop
2.2 为什么要使用ValueStack作为根对象
放到值栈中的对象都可视为根对象
从小到大
page -> request -> session -> application
从上至下
A
B
C
D
//伪代码
*.action
3. ActionContext
3.1 ActionContext ac = ActionContext.getContext();//保证同一请求中只创建一个上下文
request
session
application
parameters
ValueStack(root)
3.2 向ValueStack压栈
push(XxxAction)//helloAction *action
push(ModelDirver.getModel())//model不为null user
3.3 Map<String,String[]> map = request.getParamterMap(); 压action代码详解
//参数名==OGNL表达式
{“userName”:“aaa”,“uname”:“bbb”,“upwd”:“ccc”,“age”:“22”}
setValue("userName", ac, vs, "aaa");
setValue("uname", ac, vs, "bbb");
setValue("upwd", ac, vs, "ccc");
setValue("age", ac, vs, "22");
4. struts2中传递数据
可以使用作用域，但更多的是利用ValueStack或ActionContext
核心点：
1、OGNL的全称是Object Graph Navigation Language(对象图导航语言)，它是一种强大的表达式语言
2、OgnlContext(ongl上下文)其实就是Map （教室、老师、学生）
3、根对象和非根对象的理解
4、ValueStack
同一请求中只创建一个上下文
先压action，再呀modeldriven
从上往下找值
5、struts2中传递数据
代码测试
导入以下类
Demo7.java
ServletActionContext.getContext().getValueStack();
Student.java
package com.bk201.two.test;
public class Student {
private String name;
private String number;
public Student() {
super();
}
public Student(String name, String number) {
super();
this.name = name;
this.number = number;
}
public String getName() {
return name;
}
public void setName(String name) {
this.name = name;
}
public String getNumber() {
return number;
}
public void setNumber(String number) {
this.number = number;
}
@Override
public String toString() {
return "Student [name=" + name + ", number=" + number + "]";
}
}
Employee .java
package com.bk201.two.test;
public class Employee {
private String name;
private Address address;
private Integer salary;
public Employee() {
super();
}
public Employee(String name, Integer salary) {
super();
this.name = name;
this.salary = salary;
}
public Integer getSalary() {
return salary;
}
public void setSalary(Integer salary) {
this.salary = salary;
}
public String getName() {
return name;
}
public void setName(String name) {
this.name = name;
}
public Address getAddress() {
return address;
}
public void setAddress(Address address) {
this.address = address;
}
@Override
public String toString() {
return "Employee [name=" + name + ", address=" + address + ", salary=" + salary + "]";
}
}
Address.java
package com.bk201.two.test;
public class Address {
private String city;
private String country;
public Address() {
super();
}
public Address(String city, String country) {
super();
this.city = city;
this.country = country;
}
public String getCity() {
return city;
}
public void setCity(String city) {
this.city = city;
}
public String getCountry() {
return country;
}
public void setCountry(String country) {
this.country = country;
}
@Override
public String toString() {
return "Address [city=" + city + ", country=" + country + "]";
}
}
Manager .java
package com.bk201.two.test;
public class Manager {
private String name;
public Manager() {
super();
}
public String getName() {
return name;
}
public void setName(String name) {
this.name = name;
}
@Override
public String toString() {
return "Manager [name=" + name + "]";
}
}
工具类OgnlException.java
package com.bk201.two.test;
import ognl.Ognl;
import ognl.OgnlContext;
import ognl.OgnlException;
/**
* 用于OGNL表达计算的一个工具类
*
*/
public class OnglExpression {
private OnglExpression() {
}
/**
* 根据OGNL表达式进行取值操作
*
* @param expression
* ognl表达式
* @param ctx
* ognl上下文
* @param rootObject
* ognl根对象
* @return
*/
public static Object getValue(String expression, OgnlContext ctx,
Object rootObject) {
try {
return Ognl.getValue(expression, ctx, rootObject);
} catch (OgnlException e) {
throw new RuntimeException(e);
}
}
/**
* 根据OGNL表达式进行赋值操作
*
* @param expression
* ognl表达式
* @param ctx
* ognl上下文
* @param rootObject
* ognl根对象
* @param value
* 值对象
*/
public static void setValue(String expression, OgnlContext ctx,
Object rootObject, Object value) {
try {
Ognl.setValue(expression, ctx, rootObject, value);
} catch (OgnlException e) {
throw new RuntimeException(e);
}
}
}
Demo1.java
package com.bk201.two.test;
import ognl.OgnlContext;
import ognl.OgnlException;
public class Demo1 {
/**
* @param args
* @throws OgnlException
*/
public static void main(String[] args) {
Employee e = new Employee();
e.setName("小李");
Manager m = new Manager();
m.setName("张经理");
// 创建OGNL下文,而OGNL上下文实际上就是一个Map对象
OgnlContext ctx = new OgnlContext();
// 将员工和经理放到OGNL上下文当中去
ctx.put("employee", e);
ctx.put("manager", m);
ctx.setRoot(e);// 设置OGNL上下文的根对象
/** ********************** 取值操作 *************************** */
// 表达式name将执行e.getName()，因为e对象是根对象(请注意根对象和非根对象表达式的区别)
String employeeName = (String) OnglExpression.getValue("name", ctx, e);
System.out.println(employeeName);
// 表达式#manager.name将执行m.getName()，注意：如果访问的不是根对象那么必须在前面加上一个名称空间，例如：#manager.name
String managerName = (String) OnglExpression.getValue("#manager.name",
ctx, e);
System.out.println(managerName);
// 当然根对象也可以使用#employee.name表达式进行访问
employeeName = (String) OnglExpression.getValue("#employee.name", ctx,
e);
System.out.println(employeeName);
/** ********************** 赋值操作 *************************** */
OnglExpression.setValue("name", ctx, e, "小明");
employeeName = (String) OnglExpression.getValue("name", ctx, e);
System.out.println(employeeName);
OnglExpression.setValue("#manager.name", ctx, e, "孙经理");
managerName = (String) OnglExpression.getValue("#manager.name", ctx, e);
System.out.println(managerName);
OnglExpression.setValue("#employee.name", ctx, e, "小芳");
employeeName = (String) OnglExpression.getValue("name", ctx, e);
System.out.println(employeeName);
}
}
运行结果:
Struts_sy.xml:
<action name="stack_*" class="com.bk201.two.test.DemoAction" method="{1}">
<result name="rs">/rs.jsp</result>
</action>
Demo7.java
package com.bk201.two.test;
import org.apache.struts2.ServletActionContext;
import com.opensymphony.xwork2.ActionContext;
import com.opensymphony.xwork2.util.ValueStack;
public class Demo7 {
/**
*
* 值栈的使用
*
*/
public static void main1(String[] args) {
// 栈：表示一个先进后出的数据结构
ValueStack vs = ServletActionContext.getContext().getValueStack();
// push方法把项压入栈顶
vs.push(new Employee("zs", 22));
vs.push(new Employee("ls", 22));
vs.push(new Employee("ww", 22));
// pop方法移除栈顶对象并作为此函数的值返回该对象
Employee e = (Employee) vs.pop();
System.out.println(e.getName());
e = (Employee) vs.pop();
System.out.println(e.getName());
e = (Employee) vs.pop();
System.out.println(e.getName());
}
/**
* 此例用于模拟struts2的值栈计算过程
*
* @param args
*/
public static void main(String[] args) {
ValueStack vs = ServletActionContext.getContext().getValueStack();
vs.push(new Employee("张雇员", 2000));// 1
vs.push(new Student("小明同学", "s001"));// 0
System.out.println(vs.findValue("name"));//小明同学
System.out.println(vs.findValue("salary2"));//2000
ActionContext ac = ActionContext.getContext();
}
}
demo1.jsp
<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"
pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">
<title>Insert title here</title>
</head>
<body>
<h3>调用OGNL</h3>
<a href="${pageContext.request.contextPath }/sy/stack_test1.action">ognl</a>
<a href="${pageContext.request.contextPath }/sy/stack_test2.action">ognl2</a>
</body>
</html>
结果
test1:
test2:
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