Mybatis 多表查询之一对一
前言:本次案例主要以最为简单的用户和账户的模型来分析Mybatis多表关系。用户为User 表,账户为Account 表。一个用户(User)可以有多个账户(Account)
需求: 查询所有账户信息,关联查询下单用户信息。
注意: 因为一个账户信息只能供某个用户使用,所以从查询账户信息出发关联查询用户信息为一对一查询。如 果从用户信息出发查询用户下的账户信息则为一对多查询,因为一个用户可以有多个账户。
附:创建Account表的sql语句:
CREATE TABLE `account` (
`ID` int(11) NOT NULL COMMENT '编号',
`UID` int(11) default NULL COMMENT '用户编号',
`MONEY` double default NULL COMMENT '金额',
PRIMARY KEY (`ID`),
KEY `FK_Reference_8` (`UID`),
CONSTRAINT `FK_Reference_8` FOREIGN KEY (`UID`) REFERENCES `user` (`id`)
) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8;
insert into `account`(`ID`,`UID`,`MONEY`) values (1,46,1000),(2,45,1000),(3,46,2000);
一对一查询(多对一)
1.定义账户信息的实体类
package com.lnw.domain;
import java.io.Serializable;
public class Account implements Serializable {
private Integer id;
private Integer uid;
private Double money;
public User getUser() {
return user;
}
public void setUser(User user) {
this.user = user;
}
public Integer getId() {
return id;
}
public void setId(Integer id) {
this.id = id;
}
public Integer getUid() {
return uid;
}
public void setUid(Integer uid) {
this.uid = uid;
}
public Double getMoney() {
return money;
}
public void setMoney(Double money) {
this.money = money;
}
@Override
public String toString() {
return "Account{" +
"id=" + id +
", uid=" + uid +
", money=" + money +
'}';
}
}
2.编写SQL语句
实现查询账户信息时,也要查询账户所对应的用户信息。
SELECT
account.*,
user.username,
user.address
FROM
account,
user
WHERE account.uid = user.id
在Mysql测试结果如下:
3.定义 AccountUser
为了能够封装上面 SQL 语句的查询结果,定义 AccountCustomer 类中要包含账户信息同时还要包含用户信 息,所以我们要在定义 AccountUser 类时可以继承 Account 类。
package com.lnw.domain;
public class AccountUser extends Account{
private String username;
private String address;
public String getUsername() {
return username;
}
public void setUsername(String username) {
this.username = username;
}
public String getAddress() {
return address;
}
public void setAddress(String address) {
this.address = address;
}
@Override
public String toString() {
return super.toString()+" AccountUser{" +
"username='" + username + '\'' +
", address='" + address + '\'' +
'}';
}
}
4.定义账户的持久层 Dao 接
package com.lnw.dao;
import com.lnw.domain.Account;
import com.lnw.domain.AccountUser;
import java.util.List;
public interface IAccountDao {
//查询所有账户,同时获取到当前账户所属用户的信息
List<Account> findAll();
}
5.定义 AccountDao.xml 文件中的查询配置信息
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE mapper
PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN"
"http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd">
<mapper namespace="com.lnw.dao.IAccountDao">
<!--定义封装account和user的resultMap-->
<resultMap id="accountUserMap" type="account">
<id property="id" column="aid"></id>
<result property="uid" column="uid"></result>
<result property="money" column="money"></result>
<!--一对一的关系映射:配置封装user的内容-->
<association property="user" column="uid" javaType="user">
<id property="id" column="id"></id>
<result property="username" column="username"></result>
<result property="sex" column="sex"></result>
<result property="address" column="address"></result>
<result property="birthday" column="birthday"></result>
</association>
</resultMap>
<!-- 配置查询所有用户 -->
<select id="findAll" resultMap="accountUserMap">
SELECT u.*,a.ID as aid,a.UID,a.MONEY from account a,user u WHERE u.id=a.uid;
</select>
</mapper>
因为上面查询的结果中包含了账户信息同时还包含了用户信息,所以我们的返回值类型 returnType 的值设置为 AccountUser 类型,这样就可以接收账户信息和用户信息了。
6.创建 AccountTest 测试类
package com.lnw.test;
import com.lnw.dao.IAccountDao;
import com.lnw.dao.IUserDao;
import com.lnw.domain.Account;
import com.lnw.domain.AccountUser;
import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSession;
import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSessionFactory;
import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSessionFactoryBuilder;
import org.junit.After;
import org.junit.Before;
import org.junit.Test;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.util.Iterator;
import java.util.List;
public class AccountTest {
private InputStream in;
private SqlSession session;
private IAccountDao accountDao;
@Before//用于在测试方法执行之前执行
public void init() throws IOException {
//1.读取配置文件
in = Test.class.getClassLoader().getResourceAsStream("SqlMapConfig.xml");
//2.获取SqlSessionFactory
SqlSessionFactory factory = new SqlSessionFactoryBuilder().build(in);
//3.获取SqlSession对象
session = factory.openSession(true);
//获取dao的代理对象
accountDao = session.getMapper(IAccountDao.class);
}
//关闭资源
@After//用于测试方法执行之后执行
public void destory() throws Exception{
//提交事务
// session.commit();
session.close();
in.close();
}
//测试查询所有
@Test
public void testFindAll(){
List<Account> accounts = accountDao.findAll();
for (Account account : accounts) {
System.out.println("------每个account的信息------");
System.out.println(account);
System.out.println(account.getUser());
}
}
}
测试结果: