(二)第一个MyBatis程序

思路：搭建环境–>导入MyBatis–>编写代码–>测试。

整体结构

第一步：搭建环境

创建数据库

create database MyBatis;
use MyBatis;
create table user(
	id int(20) not null,
    name varchar(30) default null,
    pwd varchar(30) default null,
    primary key (id)
)engine=InnoDB default char set=utf8;
show tables;

insert into user(id,name,pwd) values
(1,'张三','123456'),
(2,'李斯','123456'),
(3,'狂吴','123456')

新建项目
1、新建一个普通的maven项目
2、导入依赖

<!-- 导入依赖 -->
    <dependencies>
        <!-- mysql驱动 -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>mysql</groupId>
            <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
            <version>5.1.30</version>
        </dependency>
        <!-- MyBatis驱动 -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.mybatis</groupId>
            <artifactId>mybatis</artifactId>
            <version>3.5.2</version>
        </dependency>
        <!-- junit -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>junit</groupId>
            <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
            <version>4.12</version>
        </dependency>

创建一个模块

具体可在官网文档中进行查看

• 编写MyBatis的核心配置文件。在resources下新建一个mybatis-config.xml文件。

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE configuration
        PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Config 3.0//EN"
        "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-config.dtd">
<!-- 核心配置文件 -->
<configuration>
    <environments default="development">
        <environment id="development">
            <transactionManager type="JDBC"/>
            <dataSource type="POOLED">
                <property name="driver" value="com.mysql.jdbc.Driver"/>
                <property name="url" value="jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/mybatis?useSSL=true&amp;useUnicode=true&amp;characterEncoding=UTF-8"/>
                <property name="username" value="root"/>
                <property name="password" value="xiao123"/>
            </dataSource>
        </environment>
    </environments>

    <!--每个Mapper.xml都需要在MyBatis核心配置文件中注册！-->
    <mappers>
        <mapper resource="com/xiao/dao/UserDao/UserMapper.xml"/>
    </mappers>
</configuration>

• 连接数据库

• 编写MyBatis工具类

package com.xiao.utils;

import org.apache.ibatis.io.Resources;
import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSession;
import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSessionFactory;
import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSessionFactoryBuilder;

import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;

//该工具类用于将资源加载进来并创建一个可执行的SQL的对象

//sqlSessionFactory是用来构造sqlSession的
public class MybatisUtils {

    private static SqlSessionFactory sqlSessionFactory;
    static{
        //第一步：获取sqlSessionFactory对象
        try {
            String resource = "mybatis-config.xml";
            InputStream inputStream = Resources.getResourceAsStream(resource);
            sqlSessionFactory = new SqlSessionFactoryBuilder().build(inputStream);
        } catch (IOException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }

    //既然有了 SqlSessionFactory，顾名思义，我们可以从中获得 SqlSession 的实例。
    // SqlSession 提供了在数据库执行 SQL 命令所需的所有方法。你可以通过 SqlSession 实例来直接执行已映射的 SQL 语句。
    public static SqlSession getSqlSession(){
        
        //SqlSession sqlSession = sqlSessionFactory.openSession();
        //return sqlSession;
        return sqlSessionFactory.openSession();
    }

}

编写代码

• 实体类

package com.xiao.pojo;

//实体类
public class user {
    private int id;
    private String name;
    private String pwd;

    public user() {
    }

    public user(int id, String name, String pwd) {
        this.id = id;
        this.name = name;
        this.pwd = pwd;
    }

    public int getId() {
        return id;
    }

    public void setId(int id) {
        this.id = id;
    }

    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }

    public void setName(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }

    public String getPwd() {
        return pwd;
    }

    public void setPwd(String pwd) {
        this.pwd = pwd;
    }

    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return "user{" +
                "id=" + id +
                ", name='" + name + '\'' +
                ", pwd='" + pwd + '\'' +
                '}';
    }
}

• dao接口

package com.xiao.dao;

import com.xiao.pojo.user;

import java.util.List;

public interface UserDao {
    List<user> getUserList();
}

• 接口实现类由JDBC的UserDaoImp转变为一个Mapper配置文件

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE mapper
        PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN"
        "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd">
<!--namespace相当于绑定一个Dao(mapper)接口-->
<mapper namespace="com.xiao.dao.UserDao">
    <select id="getUserList" resultType="com.xiao.pojo.user">
        select * from mybatis.user;
    </select>
</mapper>

测试

• junit测试

package com.xiao.dao;

import com.xiao.pojo.user;
import com.xiao.utils.MybatisUtils;
import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSession;
import org.junit.Test;

import java.util.List;

public class UserDaoTest {
    @Test
    public void test(){

        //第一步：获得sqlSession对象
        SqlSession sqlSession = MybatisUtils.getSqlSession();
        //执行sql
        UserDao mapper = sqlSession.getMapper(UserDao.class);
        List<user> userList = mapper.getUserList();

        for (user user : userList) {
            System.out.println(user);
        }

        //关闭sqlSession
        sqlSession.close();
    }
}

会遇到的错误：

1. org.apache.ibatis.binding.BindingException: Type interface com.xiao.dao.UserDao is not known to the MapperRegistry.
   解决：在MyBatis配置文件中添加注册

<mappers>
       <mapper resource="com/xiao/dao/UserDao/UserMapper.xml"/>
</mappers>

2. java.lang.ExceptionInInitializerError
   解决:在pom.xml文件中添加如下代码

   <!--在build中配置resources，来防止资源导出失败的问题-->
    <build>
        <resources>
            <resource>
                <directory>src/main/resources</directory>
                <includes>
                    <include>**/*.properties</include>
                    <include>**/*.xml</include>
                </includes>
                <filtering>true</filtering>
            </resource>
            <resource>
                <directory>src/main/java</directory>
                <includes>
                    <include>**/*.properties</include>
                    <include>**/*.xml</include>
                </includes>
                <filtering>true</filtering>
            </resource>
        </resources>
    </build>