学生信息管理系统2.0,利用java连接数据库,写一个学生信息管理系统,实现学生信息的增删改查

1.先在数据库中创建一个学生表

2.创建对应的学生实体类,名字和类型要跟学生表里的一样

package com.briup.student;

public class Student {
	private int id;
	private String name;
	private int age;
	public Student() {}
	public Student(int id, String name, int age) {
		this.id = id;
		this.name = name;
		this.age = age;	
	}
	public int getId() {
		return id;
	}
	public void setId(int id) {
		this.id = id;
	}
	public String getName() {
		return name;
	}
	public void setName(String name) {
		this.name = name;
	}
	public int getAge() {
		return age;
	}
	public void setAge(int age) {
		this.age = age;
	}
	@Override
	public String toString() {
		return "Student [id=" + id + ", name=" + name + ", age=" + age + "]";
	}
	
}

3.创建一个JDBCUtil类,用来连接数据库,和执行对应的SQL语句,或者处理对应的结果集

package com.briup.util;

import java.sql.Connection;
import java.sql.DriverManager;
import java.sql.PreparedStatement;
import java.sql.ResultSet;
import java.sql.SQLException;
import java.sql.Statement;

/**
 * jdbc封装
 * @author MECHREVO
 *
 */
public class JDBCUtil {
	//jdbc四要素
		//驱动：决定连接的是何种类型的数据库
		private static String driver = "oracle.jdbc.OracleDriver";
		//url: 决定连接的是哪个主机上的具体的数据库
		private static String url = "jdbc:oracle:thin:@localhost:1521:XE";
		private static String user="cyg";
		private static String password = "cyg";
		
	public static Connection getConnection() {
		Connection conn = null;
		try {
			//1.注册驱动
			Class.forName(driver);
			//2.建立连接
			conn = DriverManager.getConnection(url, user, password);		
		} catch (Exception e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
		}
		return conn;
	}
	
	/**
	 * 使用statement对象执行DML语句
	 */
	public static void stmt_DML(String sql) {
		Connection conn = null;
		Statement stmt = null;
		try {
			conn = getConnection();
			//3.创建Statement对象
			stmt = conn.createStatement();
			//4.执行sql语句
			stmt.execute(sql);
			//6.关闭资源
			close(stmt,conn);
		} catch (Exception e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
		}
	}
	/**
	 * 使用PreparedStatement执行SQL语句
	 */
	public static void ps_DML(String sql,Work work) {
		
		try {
			Connection conn = getConnection();
			PreparedStatement ps = conn.prepareStatement(sql);
			//设置ps对象 ps.setXxx()
			//5.操作结果集
			work.setPs(ps);
			ps.execute();
			//6.关闭资源
			close(ps, conn);
		} catch (SQLException e) {
			// TODO Auto-generated catch block
			e.printStackTrace();
		}
	}
	/**
	 * Statement对象执行select语句
	 * @param sql
	 * @param work
	 */
	public static void stmt_select(String sql,Work work) {
		
		try {
			Connection conn = getConnection();
			Statement stmt =conn.createStatement();
			ResultSet rs = stmt.executeQuery(sql);
			work.doResultSet(rs);
			close(rs, stmt, conn);
		} catch (SQLException e) {
			// TODO Auto-generated catch block
			e.printStackTrace();
		}
	}
	/**
	 * PreparedStatement对象执行select语句
	 */
	public static void ps_select(String sql,Work work) {
		
		try {
			Connection conn = getConnection();
			PreparedStatement ps = conn.prepareStatement(sql);
			work.setPs(ps);
			ResultSet rs = ps.executeQuery();
			work.doResultSet(rs);
			close(rs, ps, conn);
		} catch (Exception e) {
			// TODO Auto-generated catch block
			e.printStackTrace();
		}
	}
		
	public static void close(Statement stmt,Connection conn) {
		close(null, stmt, conn);
	}
	public static void close(ResultSet rs,Statement stmt,Connection conn) {
		if(rs!=null) {
			try {
				rs.close();
			} catch (SQLException e) {
				// TODO Auto-generated catch block
				e.printStackTrace();
			}
		}
		if(stmt!=null) {
			try {
				stmt.close();
			} catch (SQLException e) {
				// TODO Auto-generated catch block
				e.printStackTrace();
			}
		}
		if(conn!=null) {
			try {
				conn.close();
			} catch (SQLException e) {
				// TODO Auto-generated catch block
				e.printStackTrace();
			}
		}
	}
}

4.创建一个Main类,里面用来写对应的方法

package com.briup.student;

import java.sql.ResultSet;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Scanner;

import com.briup.util.JDBCUtil;
import com.briup.util.WorkAdapter;

public class Main {
	
	//输出菜单的方法show
	public static void show() {
		System.out.println("************************************");
		System.out.println("	1.查询所有学生信息");
		System.out.println("	2.新增学生信息");
		System.out.println("	3.更新学生信息");
		System.out.println("	4.删除学生信息");
		System.out.println("	5.查询指定学生信息");
		System.out.println("	6.退出系统");
		System.out.println("	7.显示菜单");
		System.out.println("************************************");
	}
	//查询所有学生信息的方法select_all
	public static void select_all() {
		String sql = "select * from a_student order by id";
		JDBCUtil.stmt_select(sql, new WorkAdapter() {
			@Override
			public void doResultSet(ResultSet rs) {
				try {
					while(rs.next()) {
						int id = rs.getInt(1);
						String name = rs.getString(2);
						int age = rs.getInt(3);
						Student stu = new Student(id, name, age);
						System.out.println(stu);
					}
				} catch (Exception e) {
					// TODO Auto-generated catch block
					e.printStackTrace();
				}
			}
		});
	}
	//添加学生信息的方法add_stu
	public static void add_stu() {
		System.out.println("请按照id:name:age的格式录入学生信息");
		Scanner sc = new Scanner(System.in);
		String[] s2;
		int id;
		int age;
		while(true) {
			String s1 = sc.next();
			s2= s1.split(":");
			try {
				id = Integer.valueOf(s2[0]);
				age = Integer.valueOf(s2[2]);
				break;
			} catch (Exception e) {
				System.out.println("输入格式错误请重新输入");
			}
		}
		String name = s2[1];
		if(age<0 || age>200) {
			System.out.println("年龄输入错误,自动归0");
			age = 0;
		}
		if(id_is(id)==true) { 
			System.out.println("录入失败:ID已经存在");
			return;
		}
		String sql = "insert into a_student values("+id+","+"'"+name+"'"+","+age+")";
		JDBCUtil.stmt_DML(sql);
		System.out.println("成功录入id为 "+id+"的学生");
 	}
	//修改学生信息的方法alter_stu
	public static void alter_stu(){
		System.out.println("请输入要更新信息的学生id");
		Scanner sc = new Scanner(System.in);
		int id ;
		while(true) {
			try {
				id = sc.nextInt();
				break;
			} catch (Exception e) {
				System.out.println("输入格式错误,请重新输入");
				sc.nextLine();
			}
		}
		while(true) {
			if(id_is(id)==false) { 
				System.out.println("您输入的id不存在，请重新输入");
				while(true) {
					try {
						id = sc.nextInt();
						break;
					} catch (Exception e) {
						System.out.println("输入格式错误,请重新输入");
						sc.nextLine();
					}
				}
			}else {
				break;
			}
		}
		System.out.println("请输入要更改的信息格式为name:age");
		String s1 = sc.next();
		String[] s2 = s1.split(":");
		String name = s2[0];
		int age = Integer.valueOf(s2[1]);
		if(age<0 || age>200) {
			System.out.println("年龄输入错误,自动归0");
			age = 0;
		}
		String sql = "update a_student set name='"+name+"',age="+age+" where id="+id;
		//System.out.println(sql);
		JDBCUtil.stmt_DML(sql);
		System.out.println("成功更新id为 "+id+"的学生");
	}
	
	//删除学生信息的方法delete_stu
		public static void delete_stu(){
			System.out.println("请输入要删除信息的学生id");
			int id;
			id = int_is();
			while(true) {
				if(id_is(id)==false) { 
					System.out.println("您输入的id不存在，请重新输入");
					id = int_is();
				}else {
					break;
				}
			}
			String sql = "delete from a_student where id ="+id;
			JDBCUtil.stmt_DML(sql);
			System.out.println("成功删除id为 "+id+"的学生");
		}
	//查询指定学生信息的方法select_stu
		public static void select_stu() {
			System.out.println("请输入要查询信息的学生id");
			Scanner sc = new Scanner(System.in);
			int id;
			id = int_is();
			while(true) {
				if(id_is(id)==false) { 
					System.out.println("您输入的id不存在，请重新输入");
					id = int_is();
				}else {
					break;
				}
			}
			String sql = "select * from a_student where id = "+id;
			JDBCUtil.stmt_select(sql, new WorkAdapter() {
				@Override
				public void doResultSet(ResultSet rs) {
					try {
						while(rs.next()) {
							int id = rs.getInt(1);
							String name = rs.getString(2);
							int age = rs.getInt(3);
							Student stu = new Student(id, name, age);
							System.out.println(stu);
						}
					} catch (Exception e) {
						// TODO Auto-generated catch block
						e.printStackTrace();
					}
				}
			});
		
		}
	
	//判断学号是否存在的方法id_is
	public static boolean id_is(int id) {
		List<Integer> list = new ArrayList<>();
		String sql = "select id from a_student";
		JDBCUtil.stmt_select(sql, new WorkAdapter() {
			@Override
			public void doResultSet(ResultSet rs) {
				try {
					while(rs.next()) {
						int s_id = rs.getInt(1);
						list.add(s_id);
					}
				} catch (Exception e) {
					// TODO Auto-generated catch block
					e.printStackTrace();
				}
			}
		});
		if(list.contains(id)) {
			return true;
		}else {
			return false;
		}
	}
	
	//判断输入的是否是int类型的方法int_is
	public static int int_is() {
		Scanner sc = new Scanner(System.in);
		while(true) {
			try {
				int id = sc.nextInt();
				return id;
			} catch (Exception e) {
				System.out.println("输入格式错误,请重新输入");
				sc.nextLine();
			}
		}
	}
}

5.创建Test类用来调用方法和实现菜单选择

package com.briup.student;

import java.util.Scanner;

public class Test {

	public static void main(String[] args) {
		Scanner sc = new Scanner(System.in);
		Main.show();
		while(true) {
			System.out.println("请输入您要执行操作的序号");
			int s ;
			while(true) {
				try {
					s = sc.nextInt();
					break;
				} catch (Exception e) {
					System.out.println("输入格式错误,请重新输入");
					sc.nextLine();
				}
			}
			switch (s) {
			case 1:
				Main.select_all();
				break;
			case 2:
				Main.add_stu();
				break;
			case 3:
				Main.alter_stu();
				break;
			case 4:
				Main.delete_stu();
				break;
			case 5:
				Main.select_stu();
				break;
			case 6:
				System.out.println("是否要退出系统(Y/N)");
				String string = sc.next();
				if(string.equals("Y")||string.equals("y")) {
					System.out.println("已经成功退出系统!!!");
					return;
				}else if (string.equals("N")||string.equals("n")) {
					System.out.println("已取消!");
					break;
				}else {
					System.out.println("输入错误自动退回菜单");
					Main.show();
					break;
				}
			case 7:
				Main.show();
				break;
			default:
				System.out.println("输入编号错误");
				break;
			}
		}
	}

}

注意:java连接数据库没有对应的jdbc的jar包的需要引入,并在其下面找到自己的dirver(前面的博客中也说过,不知道的可以看看),user和password是自己创建表的所用用户的user和password