概述
组成
①ECMAScript语法
②文档对象模型(DOM Doucument Object Model)
③浏览器对象类型(BOM Browser Object Model)
使用方式
变量
基本类型
引用类型
遍历数组
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<title>遍历数组</title>
</head>
<body>
<script>
var nums =[10,20,30,40];
//使用for遍历
for (let i = 0; i <nums.length ; i++) {
document.write(nums[j]);
document.write("<br/>");
}
//使用for in遍历
for (var j in nums){
document.write(nums[j]);//j是下标
document.write("<br/>");
}
var map = new Array();
map["cn"]="中国";
map["uk"]="英国";
map["kar"]= "韩国";
for (var k in map){
document.write(k+"----"+map[k]);//k是键
document.write("<br/>");
}
</script>
</body>
</html>
运算符
算数运算符
赋值运算符
逻辑运算符
关系运算符
三目运算符
分支结构
if
switch
循环结构
函数
弹窗函数
系统函数
事件
onfocus:当获取焦点时执行
onblur:当失去焦点时执行
DOM
查找HTNL元素
修改HTML内容
修改属性
改变css样式
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<title>获取设置样式</title>
</head>
<body>
<h1 id="title" style="color: green;background-color: blanchedalmond;">赠汪伦</h1>
<h3>李白</h3>
<p>李白乘舟将欲行</p>
<p>忽闻岸上踏歌声</p>
<p class="class1">桃花潭水深千尺</p>
<p class="class1">不及汪伦送我情</p>
<input type="button" value="获取样式" onclick="click1()">
<input type="button" value="设置样式" onclick="click2()">
<script type="text/javascript">
function click1() {
//获取样式
var poem = document.getElementById("title");
var c = getStyle(poem,"background-color");
alert(c);
}
function getStyle(elem,attr) {
if (window.getComputedStyle){//标准浏览器
return window.getComputedStyle(elem,"")[attr];
} else if (elem.currentStyle) {//IE
return elem.currentStyle[attr];
}else{
return null;
}
}
function click2() {
var poem = document.getElementById("title");
poem.style.color="red";
var ps = document.getElementsByTagName("p");
for (let i = 0; i < ps.length; i++) {
ps[i].style.fontSize="20px";
}
}
</script>
</body>
</html>
设置DOM事件
EventListener
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<title>设置Dom事件</title>
</head>
<body>
<input type="button" value="按钮1" id="btn1">
<div id="div1" style="width: 200px;height: 100px; background-color: darkgreen">
<div id="div2" style="width: 100px;height: 50px;background-color: blanchedalmond"></div>
</div>
<script type="text/javascript">
var btn1 = document.getElementById("btn1");
btn1.addEventListener("click",function () {
alert("恭喜你,中奖了");
});
btn1.addEventListener("click",function () {
alert("恭喜你,再次中奖了。");
});
document.getElementById("div1").addEventListener("click",function () {
alert("点击了div1")
},false);//如果为true:从外向里;false:从里向外
document.getElementById("div2").addEventListener("click",function () {
alert("点击了div2");
//阻止事件传播
event.stopPropagation();
},false);
</script>
</body>
</html>
新建和删除元素
BOM
window对象
screen对象
location对象
history对象
navigator对象
javascript定时器
案例:定时器
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<title>练习</title>
</head>
<body>
<h1>定时器</h1>
<div id="box">
</div>
<input id="btn1" type="button" value="暂停" onclick="click1()">
<input id="btn2" type="button" value="开始" onclick="click2()">
<script type="text/javascript">
function showTime() {
var now=new Date();
var year = now.getFullYear();
var month = now.getMonth()+1;
var date = now.getDate();
var hours = now.getHours();
var minutes = now.getMinutes();
var seconds = now.getSeconds();
var box = document.getElementById("box");
box.innerHTML=year+"年"+month+"月"+date+"日"+hours+":"+minutes+":"+seconds;
}
var tid = setInterval(showTime,1000);
var btn1 = document.getElementById("btn1");
var btn2 = document.getElementById("btn2");
function click1() {
clearInterval(tid);
btn1.disabled=true;
btn2.disabled=false;
}
function click2() {
tid = setInterval(showTime,1000);
btn1.disabled=false;
btn2.disabled=true;
}
</script>
</body>
</html>