【Java -- Collections 类（工具类）】

概述

Collections 类是 Java 提供的一个操作 Collection、Map 集合的工具类，该类提供了许多操作集合的静态方法。

Collections 常用方法

static <T extends Comparable<? super T>> void sort(List<T> list)		利用自然排序法对指定列表进行升序排列

static <T> void sort(List<T> list, Comparator<? super T> c)				利用定制排序对指定序列进行升序排列	

static void reverse(List<?> list)										反转指定列表中元素的顺序

static void shuffle(List<?> list)										对指定列表进行随机排序

代码示例

定义 Student 类和 Staff 类，其中 Student 类实现 Comparable 接口：

public class Student implements Comparable<Student> {
    private int age;
    private String name;

    public Student() {}

    public Student(int age, String name) {
        this.age = age;
        this.name = name;
    }

    public int getAge() {
        return age;
    }

    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }

    public void setAge(int age) {
        this.age = age;
    }

    public void setName(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }

    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return "Student{" +
                "age=" + age +
                ", name='" + name + '\'' +
                '}';
    }

    @Override
    public int compareTo(Student anotherStudent) {
        return this.age == anotherStudent.age ? this.name.compareTo(anotherStudent.name) : (this.age - anotherStudent.age);
    }
}

public class Staff {
    private int age;
    private String name;

    public Staff() {}

    public Staff(int age, String name) {
        this.age = age;
        this.name = name;
    }

    public void setAge(int age) {
        this.age = age;
    }

    public void setName(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }

    public int getAge() {
        return age;
    }

    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }

    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return "Staff{" +
                "age=" + age +
                ", name='" + name + '\'' +
                '}';
    }
}

定义测试类：

public class SortListDemo {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        List<Student> stuList = new ArrayList<>();
        stuList.add(new Student(24, "Aloys"));
        stuList.add(new Student(24, "Zoey"));
        stuList.add(new Student(23, "Diana"));
        stuList.add(new Student(30, "Alfred"));

        System.out.println("原序：" + stuList);

        // static <T> void sort(List<T> list, Comparator<? super T> c)
        Collections.sort(stuList);
        System.out.println("升序：" + stuList);

        // static void reverse(List<?> list)
        Collections.reverse(stuList);
        System.out.println("反转：" + stuList);

        // static void shuffle(List<?> list)
        Collections.shuffle(stuList);
        System.out.println("随机：" + stuList);

        List<Staff> staList = new ArrayList<>();
        staList.add(new Staff(30, "David"));
        staList.add(new Staff(31, "Rick"));
        staList.add(new Staff(30, "Carl"));

        System.out.println("-------------------------------------------------------------");
        System.out.println("原序：" + staList);

        // static <T> void sort(List<T> list, Comparator<? super T> c)
        Collections.sort(staList, new Comparator<Staff>() {
            @Override
            public int compare(Staff o1, Staff o2) {
                return o1.getAge() == o2.getAge() ? o1.getName().compareTo(o2.getName()) : (o1.getAge() - o2.getAge());
            }
        });

        System.out.println("升序：" + staList);
    }
}

运行结果：

原序：[Student{age=24, name='Aloys'}, Student{age=24, name='Zoey'}, Student{age=23, name='Diana'}, Student{age=30, name='Alfred'}]
升序：[Student{age=23, name='Diana'}, Student{age=24, name='Aloys'}, Student{age=24, name='Zoey'}, Student{age=30, name='Alfred'}]
反转：[Student{age=30, name='Alfred'}, Student{age=24, name='Zoey'}, Student{age=24, name='Aloys'}, Student{age=23, name='Diana'}]
随机：[Student{age=23, name='Diana'}, Student{age=24, name='Zoey'}, Student{age=30, name='Alfred'}, Student{age=24, name='Aloys'}]
  
原序：[Staff{age=30, name='David'}, Staff{age=31, name='Rick'}, Staff{age=30, name='Carl'}]
升序：[Staff{age=30, name='Carl'}, Staff{age=30, name='David'}, Staff{age=31, name='Rick'}]