C++多线程编程学习笔记
#include <iostream>
#include <thread>
#include <string>
#include <memory> // 智能指针使用
#include <mutex> // 互斥锁使用
#include <windows.h> // Sleep使用
#include <string>
#include <queue>
#include <condition_variable>
#include <functional>
class ThreadPool {
public:
ThreadPool(int numThreads) : stop(false) {
for (int i = 0; i < numThreads; i++) {
threads.emplace_back([this] {
while (1) {
std::unique_lock<std::mutex> lock(mtx);
condition.wait(lock, [this] {
return !tasks.empty() || stop;
});
if (stop && tasks.empty()) {
return;
}
std::function<void()> task(std::move(tasks.front()));
tasks.pop();
lock.unlock(); // 因为每个任务没有共享数据,所以下面一行不用lock()
task(); // 把任务放进队列i中并执行任务
}
});
}
}
~ThreadPool() {
{
std::unique_lock<std::mutex> lock(mtx);
stop = true;
}
condition.notify_all();
for (auto& t : threads) {
t.join();
}
}
template<class F, class... Args> // 支持多参数函数
void enqueue(F &&f, Args&&... args) {
std::function<void()>task =
std::bind(std::forward<F>(f), std::forward<Args>(args)...);
{
std::unique_lock<std::mutex> lock(mtx);
tasks.emplace(std::move(task));
}
condition.notify_one();
}
private:
std::vector<std::thread> threads;
std::queue<std::function<void()>> tasks;
std::mutex mtx;
std::condition_variable condition;
bool stop;
};
int main()
{
ThreadPool pool(4);
for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++) {
pool.enqueue([i] {
std::cout << "task: " << i << "is running" << std::endl;
std::this_thread::sleep_for(std::chrono::seconds(1));
std::cout << "task: " << i << "is done" << std::endl;
});
}
system("pause");
return 0;
}
执行结果:
task: 0is running
task: 1task: 3is running
task: 2is running
is running
请按任意键继续. . . task: 3is done
task: 2is done
task: task: 4task: 1is done
task: 6is running
5is running
task: 0is running
is done
task: 7is running
task: 5task: 7is done
task: 4is done
task: 8is running
task: is done
6is done
task: 9is running
task: 9is done
task: 8is done
打印的结果乱,是因为不同线程竞争资源