一、背景
在不借助Nacos、Apollo等配置中心情况下,实现动态修改定时任务执行时间
二、实现
1、配置文件
#每5秒钟执行一次任务
print.time.cron=0/5 * * * * ?
2、配置类
package com.schedule.demo.config;
import lombok.Data;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Value;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
/**
* @author zhangy
* @date 2022/10/12 21:05
*/
@Data
@Configuration
public class ScheduleCronProperties {
@Value("${print.time.cron}")
private String cron;
}
3、定时任务配置类
package com.schedule.demo.task;
import com.schedule.demo.config.ScheduleCronProperties;
import org.slf4j.Logger;
import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.scheduling.annotation.SchedulingConfigurer;
import org.springframework.scheduling.config.ScheduledTaskRegistrar;
import org.springframework.scheduling.support.CronTrigger;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
import java.time.LocalDateTime;
/**
* 动态定时任务,可即时修改执行时间
*
* @author zhangy
* @date 2022/10/12 21:04
*/
@Component
public class DynamicScheduleTask implements SchedulingConfigurer {
private static final Logger LOGGER = LoggerFactory.getLogger(DynamicScheduleTask.class);
@Autowired
private ScheduleCronProperties cronProperties;
@Override
public void configureTasks(ScheduledTaskRegistrar taskRegistrar) {
// 动态使用cron表达式设置循环间隔
taskRegistrar.addTriggerTask(
// 需要执行的任务
() -> LOGGER.info("Now time:{}", LocalDateTime.now()),
// 传入定时任务触发器的上下文,构建一个新的cron触发器对象,并获取下次执行的时间
triggerContext -> {
// 使用CronTrigger触发器,可动态修改cron表达式来操作循环规则
CronTrigger cronTrigger = new CronTrigger(cronProperties.getCron());
// 计算出下次执行时间
return cronTrigger.nextExecutionTime(triggerContext);
});
LOGGER.info("init success!");
}
}
非lambda表达式形式
@Override
public void configureTasks(ScheduledTaskRegistrar taskRegistrar) {
// 需要执行的任务
Runnable runnable = new Runnable() {
@Override
public void run() {
LOGGER.info("Now time:{}", LocalDateTime.now());
}
};
// 构建一个新的cron触发器对象,并获取下次执行的时间
Trigger trigger = new Trigger() {
@Override
public Date nextExecutionTime(TriggerContext triggerContext) {
// 使用CronTrigger触发器,可动态修改cron表达式来操作循环规则
CronTrigger cronTrigger = new CronTrigger(cronProperties.getCron());
// 计算出下次执行时间
return cronTrigger.nextExecutionTime(triggerContext);
}
};
taskRegistrar.addTriggerTask(runnable, trigger);
LOGGER.info("init success!");
}
4、修改cron表达式的接口
该接口可以的http的也可以是其他形式的,核心逻辑就是修改ScheduleCronProperties 对象的cron属性
package com.schedule.demo.controller;
import com.alibaba.fastjson.JSONObject;
import com.schedule.demo.config.ScheduleCronProperties;
import org.slf4j.Logger;
import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;
/**
* cron表达式修改
*
* @author zhangY
* @date 2021-07-15 20:24:19
*/
@RestController
@RequestMapping("/cron")
public class CronController {
private static final Logger LOGGER = LoggerFactory.getLogger(CronController.class);
@Autowired
private ScheduleCronProperties scheduleCronProperties;
@GetMapping("/get")
public String get() {
return JSONObject.toJSONString(scheduleCronProperties);
}
@GetMapping("/update")
public String update(String newCron) {
String oldCron = scheduleCronProperties.getCron();
LOGGER.info("update cron, old:[{}] new:[{}]", oldCron, newCron);
scheduleCronProperties.setCron(newCron);
//TODO 这里可以回写配置文件或者数据库
return JSONObject.toJSONString(scheduleCronProperties);
}
}
三、测试
项目启动,自动执行初始的5秒钟执行一次的任务,结果如下:
Now time:2022-10-12T22:11:35
Now time:2022-10-12T22:11:40
Now time:2022-10-12T22:11:45
Now time:2022-10-12T22:11:50
Now time:2022-10-12T22:11:55
调用接口修改cron表达式
http://127.0.0.1:8080/cron/update?newCron=0/3 * * * * ?
修改后,任务执行结果如下:
Now time:2022-10-12T22:13:25
Now time:2022-10-12T22:13:27
Now time:2022-10-12T22:13:30
Now time:2022-10-12T22:13:33
Now time:2022-10-12T22:13:36
Now time:2022-10-12T22:13:39