一次修改多表的数据
1:修改张无忌的女朋友的手机号为114
UPDATE t_mysql_boys bo
INNER JOIN t_mysql_beauty b ON bo.`id`=b.`boyfriend_id`
SET b.`phone`='119',bo.`userCP`=1000
WHERE bo.`boyName`='张无忌';
2:修改没有男朋友的女神的男朋友编号都为2号
UPDATE t_mysql_boys bo
RIGHT JOIN t_mysql_beauty b ON bo.`id`=b.`boyfriend_id`
SET b.`boyfriend_id`=2
WHERE bo.`id` IS NULL;
4、删除数据
一次删除多表的数据
1、删除张无忌的女朋友的信息
DELETE b
FROM t_mysql_beauty b
INNER JOIN t_mysql_boys bo ON b.`boyfriend_id` = bo.`id`
WHERE bo.`boyName`='张无忌';
2、删除黄晓明的信息以及他女朋友的信息
DELETE b,bo
FROM t_mysql_beauty b
INNER JOIN t_mysql_boys bo ON b.`boyfriend_id`=bo.`id`
WHERE bo.`boyName`='黄晓明';
视图
含义:虚拟表,和普通表一样使用
mysql5.1版本出现的新特性,是通过表动态生成的数据
比如:舞蹈班和普通班级的对比
创建语法的关键字 是否实际占用物理空间 使用
视图 create view 只是保存了sql逻辑 增删改查,只是一般不能增删改
表 create table 保存了数据 增删改查
一、创建视图
/*
语法:
create view 视图名
as
查询语句;
*/
1.查询姓名中包含a字符的员工名、部门名和工种信息
①创建
CREATE VIEW myv1 AS
SELECT last_name,department_name,job_title FROM employees eJOIN departments d ON e.department_id = d.department_id JOIN jobs j ON j.job_id = e.job_id;
②使用
SELECT * FROM myv1 WHERE last_name LIKE '%a%';
2.查询各部门的平均工资级别
①创建视图查看每个部门的平均工资
CREATE VIEW myv2 AS
SELECT AVG(salary) ag,department_id FROM employees GROUP BY department_id;
②使用
SELECT myv2.`ag`,g.grade_level FROM myv2 JOIN job_grades g ON myv2.`ag` BETWEEN g.`lowest_sal` AND g.`highest_sal`;
3.查询平均工资最低的部门信息
SELECT * FROM myv2 ORDER BY ag LIMIT 1;
4.查询平均工资最低的部门名和工资
CREATE VIEW myv3 AS
SELECT * FROM myv2 ORDER BY ag LIMIT 1;
SELECT d.*,m.ag FROM myv3 m JOIN departments d ON m.`department_id`=d.`department_id`;
二、视图的修改
方式一:
/*
create or replace view 视图名
as
查询语句;
*/
SELECT * FROM myv3 CREATE OR REPLACE VIEW myv3 AS
SELECT AVG(salary),job_id FROM employees GROUP BY job_id;
方式二:
/*
语法:
alter view 视图名
as
查询语句;
*/
ALTER VIEW myv3 AS
SELECT * FROM employees;
三、删除视图
/*
语法:drop view 视图名,视图名,...;
*/
DROP VIEW emp_v1,emp_v2,myv3;
四、查看视图
SHOW CREATE VIEW myv3;
五、视图的更新
CREATE OR REPLACE VIEW myv1 AS
SELECT last_name,email,salary*12*(1+IFNULL(commission_pct,0)) "annual salary" FROM employees;
CREATE OR REPLACE VIEW myv1 AS
SELECT last_name,email FROM employees;
SELECT * FROM myv1;
SELECT * FROM employees;
1.插入
INSERT INTO myv1 VALUES('张飞','zf@qq.com');
2.修改
UPDATE myv1 SET last_name = '张无忌' WHERE last_name='张飞';
3.删除
DELETE FROM myv1 WHERE last_name = '张无忌';
具备以下特点的视图不允许更新
①包含以下关键字的sql语句:分组函数、distinct、group by、having、union或者union all
CREATE OR REPLACE VIEW myv1 AS
SELECT MAX(salary) m,department_id FROM employees GROUP BY department_id;
更新
UPDATE myv1 SET m=9000 WHERE department_id=10;
②常量视图
CREATE OR REPLACE VIEW myv2 AS
SELECT 'john' NAME;
更新
UPDATE myv2 SET NAME='lucy';
③Select中包含子查询
CREATE OR REPLACE VIEW myv3 AS
SELECT department_id,(SELECT MAX(salary) FROM employees) 最高工资 FROM departments;
更新
UPDATE myv3 SET 最高工资=100000;
④join
CREATE OR REPLACE VIEW myv4 AS
SELECT last_name,department_name FROM employees e JOIN departments d ON e.department_id = d.department_id;
更新
UPDATE myv4 SET last_name = '张飞' WHERE last_name='Whalen';
INSERT INTO myv4 VALUES('陈真','xxxx');
⑤from一个不能更新的视图
CREATE OR REPLACE VIEW myv5 AS
SELECT * FROM myv3;
更新
SELECT * FROM myv5;
UPDATE myv5 SET 最高工资=10000 WHERE department_id=60;
⑥where子句的子查询引用了from子句中的表
CREATE OR REPLACE VIEW myv6 AS
SELECT last_name,email,salary FROM employees WHERE employee_id IN(
SELECT manager_id FROM employees WHERE manager_id IS NOT NULL
);
更新
SELECT * FROM myv6;
UPDATE myv6 SET salary=10000 WHERE last_name = 'k_ing';