【MySQL】Linux部署MySQL服务（官网部署方式rpm）

目录

开始语

🖋️下载rpm文件

🖋️开始安装

🖋️启动MySQL服务

😎访问MySQL

🖋️设置外界访问root用户

🖋️防火墙开放3306端口

😎打开软件DBeaver访问MySQL

结束语

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开始语

一位普通的程序员，慢慢在努力变强！

MySQL5.7官网👈

温馨提示：mysql等数据库类型【生产】环境的机器配置最好是不能低于要求的【8核16G】，但是在学习的过程中，就简单的使用【2核2G】的机器（关于这台机器使用vm虚拟机进行安装即可）

OK，接下来开始学习MySQL的安装教程！

🖋️下载rpm文件

# 下载文件

wget http://repo.mysql.com//mysql57-community-release-el7-7.noarch.rpm

# 您可以检查 MySQL Yum 存储库是否已 通过以下命令成功添加

yum repolist enabled | grep "mysql.*-community.*"

🖋️开始安装

# 检查server文件
whereis mysql-community-server

# 对于 Fedora：
MySQL 5.7 不支持 Fedora;支持已在 中删除 MySQL 5.7.30。有关详细信息，请参阅 MySQL 产品支持EOL公告。
安装命令将 MySQL Yum 存储库添加到 您系统的存储库列表并下载 GnuPG 密钥 以检查软件包的完整性。请参见第 2.1.4.2 节（https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/5.7/en/checking-gpg-signature.html） “使用 GnuPG 进行签名检查”，了解以下详细信息： GnuPG 密钥检查# yum进行安装
# 开始创建GnuPG 密钥


# 添加下面的key
vi mysql_pubkey.asc
-----BEGIN PGP PUBLIC KEY BLOCK-----
Version: SKS 1.1.6
Comment: Hostname: pgp.mit.edu
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=Xqbo
-----END PGP PUBLIC KEY BLOCK-----

# 开始保存
要将构建密钥导入您的个人公共 GPG 密钥环， 使用 GPG --导入。例如，如果您有 将密钥保存在名为 的文件中，导入命令看起来 喜欢这个：mysql_pubkey.asc
执行这行命令：gpg --import mysql_pubkey.asc

# 如果要将密钥导入到 RPM 配置中 验证 RPM 安装包，您应该能够导入 直接键：rpm --import mysql_pubkey.asc

# 开始安装
sudo yum install mysql-community-server

🖋️启动MySQL服务

[root@VM-4-6-centos load]# sudo service mysqld start

Redirecting to /bin/systemctl start mysqld.service

[root@VM-4-6-centos load]# sudo service mysqld status

Redirecting to /bin/systemctl status mysqld.service

● mysqld.service - MySQL Server

Loaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/mysqld.service; enabled; vendor preset: disabled)

Active: active (running) since Sun 2023-02-19 17:27:06 CST; 12s ago

Docs: man:mysqld(8)

http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/en/using-systemd.html

Process: 3830 ExecStart=/usr/sbin/mysqld --daemonize --pid-file=/var/run/mysqld/mysqld.pid $MYSQLD_OPTS (code=exited, status=0/SUCCESS)

Process: 3748 ExecStartPre=/usr/bin/mysqld_pre_systemd (code=exited, status=0/SUCCESS)

Main PID: 3835 (mysqld)

Tasks: 28

Memory: 321.8M

CGroup: /system.slice/mysqld.service

└─3835 /usr/sbin/mysqld --daemonize --pid-file=/var/run/mysqld/mysqld.pid

Feb 19 17:26:59 VM-4-6-centos systemd[1]: Starting MySQL Server...

Feb 19 17:27:06 VM-4-6-centos systemd[1]: Started MySQL Server.

# 查看是否启动成功

[root@db-vm v57]# netstat -tnlp |grep mysql

tcp6 0 0 :::3306 :::* LISTEN 69054/mysqld

😎访问MySQL

# 查看临时密码（这个是临时密码：F*:n)/reu0it）

sudo grep 'temporary password' /var/log/mysqld.log

2023-02-19T08:00:44.944103Z 1 [Note] A temporary password is generated for root@localhost: F*:n)/reu0it

# 登录

mysql -uroot -p # 密码输入：F*:n)/reu0it

# 修改密码  

---------------------------------------------------------------

注意：

默认情况下安装validate_password。默认密码策略 由需求实现 密码至少包含一个大写字母，一个 小写字母、一个数字和一个特殊字符，以及 密码总长度至少为 8 个字符。validate_password

---------------------------------------------------------------

mysql> ALTER USER 'root'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY 'MyNewPass4!';

# 立即生效

flush privileges;

# 退出

\q;

温馨提示：你会发现win外部通过root访问，会访问不了mysql，这个地方需要开放用户的访问权限

🖋️设置外界访问root用户

# 1.输入账户密码进入mysql，我的密码改为了：MyNewPass4!
mysql -uroot -p
# 2.查看root用户访问host
use mysql
select user,host from user;
+---------------+-----------+
| user          | host      |
+---------------+-----------+
| mysql.session | localhost |
| mysql.sys     | localhost |
| root          | localhost |（只允许本机访问）
+---------------+-----------+
# 3.修改host访问地址
update user set host = '%' where user = 'root';
flush privileges;
select user ,host from user;
+---------------+-----------+
| user          | host      |
+---------------+-----------+
| root          | %         |
| mysql.session | localhost |
| mysql.sys     | localhost |
+---------------+-----------+

🖋️防火墙开放3306端口

# 1.查看防火墙，启动状态

systemctl status firewalld.service

● firewalld.service - firewalld - dynamic firewall daemon

Loaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/firewalld.service; enabled; vendor preset: enabled)

Active: active (running) since 日 2023-02-19 15:14:04 CST; 3h 38min ago

Docs: man:firewalld(1)

Main PID: 27743 (firewalld)

CGroup: /system.slice/firewalld.service

└─27743 /usr/bin/python2 -Es /usr/sbin/firewalld --nofork --nopid

2月 19 15:14:04 db-vm systemd[1]: Starting firewalld - dynamic firewall daemon...

2月 19 15:14:04 db-vm systemd[1]: Started firewalld - dynamic firewall daemon.

2月 19 15:14:04 db-vm firewalld[27743]: WARNING: AllowZoneDrifting is enabled. This is considered an insecure configuration option. It will be removed in a future release. Please consider disabling it now.

2月 19 16:27:22 db-vm firewalld[27743]: WARNING: AllowZoneDrifting is enabled. This is considered an insecure configuration option. It will be removed in a future release. Please consider disabling it now.

# 2.开放端口

firewall-cmd --zone=public --add-port=3306/tcp --permanent

# 3.重新载入配置

firewall-cmd --reload

😎打开软件DBeaver访问MySQL

结束语

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