Java贪吃蛇小游戏及素材 - GUI编程思想

面向对象！以数据为中心！对象 = 数据 + 对该数据的操作！

贪吃蛇（Swing + AWT）

StartGame.java

package snake;

import javax.swing.*;

public class StartGame {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        JFrame frame = new JFrame();
        frame.setBounds(500, 100, 925, 750);
        frame.setResizable(false);
        frame.setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
        frame.add(new GamePanel());
        frame.setVisible(true); // 注意 setVisible 必须放在 add 下面，否则会出现错误
        // 原因在于
        // setVisible(true)并不是告诉JVM让该控件可见，而是在内部调用repaint方法把各个控件画出来进行显示。
        // 如果在控件还没完全添加完其他控件就setVisible(true)那么在方法后面添加的控件都不能显示。
        // 参考自 https://blog.csdn.net/YanzheShi/article/details/46688425
    }
}

GamePanel.java

package snake;

import javax.swing.*;
import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.ActionEvent;
import java.awt.event.ActionListener;
import java.awt.event.KeyEvent;
import java.awt.event.KeyListener;
import java.util.Random;

// 游戏面板
public class GamePanel extends JPanel implements KeyListener, ActionListener {
    // 数据结构
    int length; // 小蛇
    int[] snakeX = new int[600];
    int[] snakeY = new int[600];
    String fx = "R";

    int foodx; // 食物
    int foody;
    Random random = new Random();

    int goal; // 分数
    boolean isStart = false; // 默认游戏暂停
    boolean isFail = false; // 游戏失败状态

    Timer timer = new Timer(100, this); // 定时器

    // 默认构造器
    public GamePanel() {
        init();
        this.setFocusable(true); // 获得焦点事件
        this.addKeyListener(this);
        timer.start();
    }

    // 初始化方法
    public void init() {
        length = 3;
        snakeX[0] = 100;snakeY[0] = 100;
        snakeX[1] = 75;snakeY[1] = 100;
        snakeX[2] = 50;snakeY[2] = 100;
        fx = "R";
        foodx = 25 + 25 * random.nextInt(33);
        foody = 75 + 25 * random.nextInt(23);
        goal = 0;
    }

    // 绘制面板
    @Override
    protected void paintComponent(Graphics g) {
        super.paintComponent(g); // 清屏
        // 绘制静态面板
        this.setBackground(Color.WHITE);
        Data.header.paintIcon(this, g, 25, 10); // 广告区
        g.fillRect(25, 75, 850, 600); // 绘制矩形
        // 得分
        g.setColor(Color.white);
        g.setFont(new Font("微软雅黑", Font.BOLD, 18));
        g.drawString("得分" + goal, 800, 30);
        // 长度
        g.setColor(Color.white);
        g.setFont(new Font("微软雅黑", Font.BOLD, 18));
        g.drawString("长度" + length, 800, 50);

        // 绘制食物
        Data.food.paintIcon(this, g, foodx, foody);

        // 绘制蛇
        switch (fx) {
            case "R":
                Data.right.paintIcon(this, g, snakeX[0], snakeY[0]);
                break;
            case "L":
                Data.left.paintIcon(this, g, snakeX[0], snakeY[0]);
                break;
            case "U":
                Data.up.paintIcon(this, g, snakeX[0], snakeY[0]);
                break;
            case "D":
                Data.down.paintIcon(this, g, snakeX[0], snakeY[0]);
                break;
        }
        for (int i=1; i<length; i++) {
            Data.body.paintIcon(this, g, snakeX[i], snakeY[i]);
        }

        // 游戏状态
        if (!isStart) {
            g.setColor(Color.white);
            g.setFont(new Font("微软雅黑", Font.BOLD, 40));
            g.drawString("空格开始游戏", 325, 500);
        }
        if (isFail) {
            g.setColor(Color.red);
            g.setFont(new Font("微软雅黑", Font.BOLD, 40));
            g.drawString("失败！空格重新开始", 325, 500);
        }
    }

    // 键盘监听
    @Override
    public void keyPressed(KeyEvent e) {
        int keyCode = e.getKeyCode();

        if (keyCode == KeyEvent.VK_SPACE) {
            if (isFail) {
                isFail = false;
                init();
            }
            else {
                isStart = !isStart;
                repaint();
            }
        }
        if (keyCode == KeyEvent.VK_UP) {
            fx = "U";
        }
        else if (keyCode == KeyEvent.VK_DOWN) {
            fx = "D";
        }
        else if (keyCode == KeyEvent.VK_LEFT) {
            fx = "L";
        }
        else if (keyCode == KeyEvent.VK_RIGHT) {
            fx = "R";
        }
    }

    // 事件监听
    @Override
    public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
        if (isStart && !isFail) {
            // 失败检测
            for (int i=1; i<length; i++) {
                if (snakeX[0] == snakeX[i] && snakeY[0] == snakeY[i]) {
                    isFail = true;
                    break;
                }
            }

            // 吃粑粑检测
            if (snakeX[0] == foodx && snakeY[0] == foody) {
                length++;
                goal += 10;
                foodx = 25 + 25 * random.nextInt(33);
                foody = 75 + 25 * random.nextInt(23);
            }

            // 蛇身移动，除蛇头外的每个节点紧跟上一个节点位置
            for (int i=length-1; i>0; i--) {
                snakeX[i] = snakeX[i-1];
                snakeY[i] = snakeY[i-1];
            }

            // 移动检测
            switch (fx) {
                case "U":
                    snakeY[0] = snakeY[0] - 25;
                    if (snakeY[0] < 75) {
                        snakeY[0] = 650;
                    }
                    break;
                case "D":
                    snakeY[0] = snakeY[0] + 25;
                    if (snakeY[0] > 650) {
                        snakeY[0] = 75;
                    }
                    break;
                case "L":
                    snakeX[0] = snakeX[0] - 25;
                    if (snakeX[0] < 25) {
                        snakeX[0] = 850;
                    }
                    break;
                case "R":
                    snakeX[0] = snakeX[0] + 25;
                    if (snakeX[0] > 850) {
                        snakeX[0] = 25;
                    }
                    break;
            }
            repaint(); // 刷新画板
        }
        timer.start();
    }

    @Override
    public void keyReleased(KeyEvent e) {

    }
    @Override
    public void keyTyped(KeyEvent e) {

    }
}

Data.java

package snake;

import javax.swing.*;
import java.net.URL;

// 数据中心
public class Data {
    public static URL headerURL = Data.class.getResource("header.png");
    public static URL upURL = Data.class.getResource("up.png");
    public static URL dowmURL = Data.class.getResource("down.png");
    public static URL leftURL = Data.class.getResource("left.png");
    public static URL rightURL = Data.class.getResource("right.png");
    public static URL bodyURL = Data.class.getResource("body.png");
    public static URL foodURL = Data.class.getResource("food.png");

    public static ImageIcon header = new ImageIcon(headerURL);
    public static ImageIcon up = new ImageIcon(upURL);
    public static ImageIcon down = new ImageIcon(dowmURL);
    public static ImageIcon left = new ImageIcon(leftURL);
    public static ImageIcon right = new ImageIcon(rightURL);
    public static ImageIcon body = new ImageIcon(bodyURL);
    public static ImageIcon food = new ImageIcon(foodURL);
}

header.png

up.png

down.png

left.png

right.png

body.png

food.png

GUI（图形用户界面）核心技术

Swing（用户界面开发工具包）与 AWT（抽象窗口工具）

GUI 编程基本步骤

1、定义数据

2、显示数据

3、监听数据（普通事件 | 键盘事件 | 鼠标事件）

部分代码参考于 遇见狂神说 给狂神哥打call！