linux安装mysql和php

一、mysql安装

1、安装mysql依赖包

yum install zlib-devel gcc-c++ ncurses ncurses-devel libaio libaio-devel -y

2、创建mysql用户

useradd mysql -s /sbin/nologin -M

3、创建mysql文件夹

mkdir /mysql/data -p

4、修改mysql目录权限

chown -R mysql.mysql /mysql/

5、解压mysql到指定路径

tar zxf <mysql二进制文件名> -C /usr/local/

6、为解压的mysql文件创建软链接

ln -s <解压后的mysql文件夹名> /usr/local/mysql

7、建立mysql服务

cd /usr/local/mysql/
cp support-files/my-default.cnf /etc/my.cnf
cp support-files/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysqld
chmod +x /etc/init.d/mysqld

8、初始化mysql

./bin/mysqld --initialize --basedir=/usr/local/mysql --datadir=/mysql/data/ --user=mysql

注：会随机生成mysql登录密码，须保管好，后面登录还需要。
9、修改mysql配置文件

[client]
port = 3306  #mysql端口号
socket = /mysql/mysql.sock  #套接字文件存放目录
[mysqld]
basedir = /usr/local/mysql  #mysql服务安装目录
datadir = /mysql/data/	 #mysql数据存储目录
port = 3306
server_id = 1
socket = /mysql/mysql.sock
sql_mode=NO_ENGINE_SUBSTITUTION,STRICT_TRANS_TABLES  SQL模式
[mysqld_safe]
log-error = /mysql/mysql.log  #错误日志存放目录
pid-file = /mysql/mysql.pid #pid文件存放目录

10、启动mysql服务

/etc/init.d/mysqld start

11、配置环境变量

echo 'export PATH=$PATH:/usr/local/mysql/bin' >>/etc/profile
source /etc/profile

12、登录mysql数据库并修改root用户初始密码

mysql -u root -p
alter 'USER'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY '123456';
flush privileges;

二、php安装

php依赖于apache和mysql

1、检查apache于mysql是否启动

ps -ef|grep httpd
ps -ef|grep mysql
lsof -i :80
lsof -i :3306

2、安装PHP所需的库文件

yum install zlib libxml libjpeg freetype libpng dg curl libconv zlib-devel libxml2 libxml2-devel libjpeg-devel freetype-devel libpng-devel dg-devel curl-devel openssl-devel libxslt-devel -y

3、解压php软件

tar -zxvf php-7.4.27.tar.gz

4、编译安装

cd php-7.4.27
./configure --prefix=/application/php-7.4.27 --with-apxs2=/usr/local/apache/bin/apxs --with-mysql=/usr/local/mysql --with-xmlrpc --with-openssl --with-zlib --with-freetype-dir --with-dg --with-jpeg-dir --with-png-dir --with-iconv --enable-short-tags --enable-sockets --enable-zend-multibyte --enable-soap --enable-mbstring --enable-static --enable-dg-native-ttf --with-curl --with-xsl --enable-ftp --with-libxml-dir
make && make install

5、建立软链接

ln -s /application/php-7.4.27 /application/php
ls -l /application

6、复制配置文件

cp php-7.4.27/php.ini-production /application/php/lib/php.ini
ll /application/php/lib/

7、配置apache支持php程序

cd /usr/local/papche/conf
cp httpd.conf httpd.conf.back

8、修改apache配置文件
<1>增加以下两行内容

<2>修改默认用户和用户组为php
<3>修改默认首页类型

9、查看php模块
重启apache后，php程序会向httpd.conf配置文件中添加php相关的模块

/usr/local/apache/bin/apachectl -t
grep php httpd.conf

10、配置测试首页文件

cd /usr/local/apache/htdocs
vi index.php
	<?php
	phpinfo();
	?>

11、测试首页文件
浏览器输入客户端IP地址，出现以下信息，说明配置正确

附php与mysql获取地址
https://www.php.net/downloads
https://dev.mysql.com/downloads/mysql/