【Redis】踩坑日记1：修改RedisTemplate序列化方式后Bean注入失败

问题描述

采用默认RedisTemplate时，默认JDK序列化方式会将字符串转成二进制序列，反序列化后不易读懂，因此想要修改RedisTemplate默认序列化方式。构造一个RedisConfig配置类，加入@Configuration注解和@Bean

@Configuration
public class RedisConfig {

    @Bean
    public RedisTemplate<String, Object> redisTemplate(RedisConnectionFactory redisConnectionFactory) {
        // 创建Template
        RedisTemplate<String, Object> redisTemplate = new RedisTemplate<>();
        // 设置连接工厂
        redisTemplate.setConnectionFactory(redisConnectionFactory);
        // 设置序列化工具
        GenericJackson2JsonRedisSerializer jsonRedisSerializer = new GenericJackson2JsonRedisSerializer();
        // key 和 hashkey 采用 string 序列化
        redisTemplate.setKeySerializer(RedisSerializer.string());
        redisTemplate.setHashKeySerializer(RedisSerializer.string());
        // value 和 hashvalue 采用JSON序列化
        redisTemplate.setValueSerializer(jsonRedisSerializer);
        redisTemplate.setHashValueSerializer(jsonRedisSerializer);
        return redisTemplate;
    }

单元测试代码如下：

    @Autowired
    private RedisTemplate<String ,Object> redisTemplate;

    @Test
    void testString() {
        // 写入String数据
        redisTemplate.opsForValue().set("name","Tom");
        Object name = redisTemplate.opsForValue().get("name");
        System.out.println("name = " + name);
    }

单元测试报错，无法找到RedisTemplate<String ,Object>类型的Bean：

org.springframework.beans.factory.UnsatisfiedDependencyException: Error creating bean with name 'com.example.redis_demo.RedisDemoApplicationTests': Unsatisfied dependency expressed through field 'redisTemplate': No qualifying bean of type 'org.springframework.data.redis.core.RedisTemplate<java.lang.String, java.lang.Object>' available: expected at least 1 bean which qualifies as autowire candidate. Dependency annotations: {@org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired(required=true)}

	at org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor$AutowiredFieldElement.resolveFieldValue(AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor.java:787)
	at org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor$AutowiredFieldElement.inject(AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor.java:767)
	at org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.InjectionMetadata.inject(InjectionMetadata.java:145)
	at org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor.postProcessProperties(AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor.java:508)
	at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.populateBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:1421)
	at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.autowireBeanProperties(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:398)
	at org.springframework.test.context.support.DependencyInjectionTestExecutionListener.injectDependencies(DependencyInjectionTestExecutionListener.java:143)
	at org.springframework.test.context.support.DependencyInjectionTestExecutionListener.prepareTestInstance(DependencyInjectionTestExecutionListener.java:98)
	at org.springframework.test.context.TestContextManager.prepareTestInstance(TestContextManager.java:260)
	at org.springframework.test.context.junit.jupiter.SpringExtension.postProcessTestInstance(SpringExtension.java:163)
	at java.base/java.util.stream.ReferencePipeline$3$1.accept(ReferencePipeline.java:212)
	at java.base/java.util.stream.ReferencePipeline$2$1.accept(ReferencePipeline.java:194)
	at java.base/java.util.ArrayList$ArrayListSpliterator.forEachRemaining(ArrayList.java:1709)
	at java.base/java.util.stream.AbstractPipeline.copyInto(AbstractPipeline.java:556)
	at java.base/java.util.stream.AbstractPipeline.wrapAndCopyInto(AbstractPipeline.java:546)
	at java.base/java.util.stream.StreamSpliterators$WrappingSpliterator.forEachRemaining(StreamSpliterators.java:310)
	at java.base/java.util.stream.Streams$ConcatSpliterator.forEachRemaining(Streams.java:735)
	at java.base/java.util.stream.Streams$ConcatSpliterator.forEachRemaining(Streams.java:734)
	at java.base/java.util.stream.ReferencePipeline$Head.forEach(ReferencePipeline.java:782)
	at java.base/java.util.Optional.orElseGet(Optional.java:364)
	at java.base/java.util.ArrayList.forEach(ArrayList.java:1597)
	at java.base/java.util.ArrayList.forEach(ArrayList.java:1597)
Caused by: org.springframework.beans.factory.NoSuchBeanDefinitionException: No qualifying bean of type 'org.springframework.data.redis.core.RedisTemplate<java.lang.String, java.lang.Object>' available: expected at least 1 bean which qualifies as autowire candidate. Dependency annotations: {@org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired(required=true)}
	at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultListableBeanFactory.raiseNoMatchingBeanFound(DefaultListableBeanFactory.java:1880)
	at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultListableBeanFactory.doResolveDependency(DefaultListableBeanFactory.java:1406)
	at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultListableBeanFactory.resolveDependency(DefaultListableBeanFactory.java:1353)
	at org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor$AutowiredFieldElement.resolveFieldValue(AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor.java:784)
	... 21 more

解决方案

在网上查找到两种解决方案：（1）删掉范型（2）修改@AutoWired为@Resource

采用这两种方式虽然不提示报错，但是并没有用刚刚自己注入的Bean。在终端打开redis-cli，查看所有key值，发现依然用的是默认序列化方式

最后发现，我的RedisConfig配置类在启动类所在的包外， 一定要将此类放在启动类同包下！！！ 问题解决。