《Essential C++》系列笔记之第三章(泛型编程风格)之第四节(使用顺序性容器)

代码实践

#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
#include <vector>
#include <list>
#include <deque>
#include <string>
#include <algorithm>

//五种定义方式
void demo1()
{
	//1 产生空容器
	/*list<string> slist;
	vector<int> ivec;*/

	//2 产生特定大小 已默认值为初值
	/*list<string> slist(38);
	vector<int> ivec(38);*/

	//3 产生特定大小 并为每个元素指定初值
	/*list<string> slist(38, "happy");
	vector<int> ivec(38, 520);*/

	//4 通过一对iterator产生容器
	/*int nums[5] = { 1,2,3,4,5 };
	string strs[5] = { "happy ","38 ","and ","happy ","birthday!" };
	vector<int> ivec(nums, nums + 5);
	list<string> slist(strs, strs + 5);
	for (list<string>::iterator slistit = slist.begin(); slistit != slist.end(); slistit++)
	{
		cout << *slistit;
	}*/

	//5 根据某个容器产生出容器
	/*list<int> ilist(38, 520);
	list<int> ilist2(ilist);
	for (list<int>::iterator it = ilist2.begin(); it != ilist2.end(); it++)
	{
		cout << *it << ' ';
	}
	cout << endl;*/

}

//front(),back()
void demo2()
{
	deque<int> ideq;
	int val;
	while (cin >> val)
	{
		ideq.push_back(val);
		cout << ideq.front() << endl;
		ideq.pop_front();
		cout << ideq.size() << endl;
	}
	
}

//3insert四种变形  
//3.1第一种变形
void demo3_1()
{
	deque<int> ideq;
	for (int i = 0; i < 38; i += 2)
	{
		ideq.push_back(i);
		//ideq[i] = i;   //非常愚蠢的写法,会报错
	}

	for (int i = 0; i < ideq.size(); i++)
	{
		cout << ideq[i] << ' ';
	}
	cout << endl;

	deque<int>::iterator it = ideq.begin();
	while (it != ideq.end())
	{
		if (*it >= 9)
		{
			cout << *ideq.insert(it, 9) << endl; //记住是在it位置之前插入9,并且返回以个指向9的iterator
			break;
		}
		it++;
	}

	for (int i = 0; i < ideq.size(); i++)
	{
		cout << ideq[i] << ' ';
	}
	cout << endl;
}
//3.2第二种变形
void demo3_2()
{
	string strs[5] = { "happy ","38 ","and ","happy ","birthday!!!!" };
	list<string> slist(strs, strs + 5);

	for (list<string>::iterator it = slist.begin();it != slist.end(); it++)
	{
		cout << *it;
	}

	//list<string>::iterator iter = find(strs, strs + 5, "birthday!!!!"); 这样写错误!!
	//slist.insert(slist.begin() + 4, 20, "!"); //这样写也算错误的!!!
	list<string>::iterator iter = find(slist.begin(), slist.end(), "birthday!!!!");

	if (iter != slist.end())
	{
		slist.insert(iter, 20, "!");  //"!"可以这样写string("!")
	}

	

	for (list<string>::iterator it = slist.begin(); it != slist.end(); it++)
	{
		cout << *it;
	}
}
//3.3第三种变形
void demo3_3()
{
	int a[5] = { 234,5,224,6,456 };
	vector<int> ivec(a, a + 5);
	int b[5] = { 1,2,3,4,5 };

	ivec.insert(ivec.begin() + 4, b, b + 5);
	for (int i = 0; i < ivec.size(); i++)
	{
		cout << ivec[i] << ' ';
	}
}
//3.4第四种变形
void demo3_4()
{
	int a[5] = { 1,2,3,4,8 };
	vector<int> ivec(a, a + 5);

	for (int i = 0; i < ivec.size(); i++)
	{
		cout << ivec[i] << ' ';
	}
	cout << endl;

	vector<int>::iterator it = find(ivec.begin(), ivec.end(), 8);
	ivec.insert(it, 0);
	//ivec.insert(it); 这样写报错 个人猜测是因为没有所属于的类型没有默认值
	for (int i = 0; i < ivec.size(); i++)
	{
		cout << ivec[i] << ' ';
	}
	cout << endl;

}

//4erase两种变形
//4.1第一种变形
void demo4_1()
{
	int a[5] = { 1,2,3,4,5 };
	list<int> ilist(a, a + 5);

	for (list<int>::iterator it = ilist.begin(); it != ilist.end(); it++)
	{
		cout << *it << ' ';
	}
	cout << endl;

	ilist.erase(ilist.begin()); //切记list不支持偏移操作!!!但是vector可以ilist.begin() + 2这样,按照下标删除
	
	for (list<int>::iterator it = ilist.begin(); it != ilist.end(); it++)
	{
		cout << *it << ' ';
	}
	cout << endl;

}
//4.2第二种变形
void demo4_2()
{
	int a[5] = { 1,2,3,4,5 };

	list<int> ilist(a, a + 5);
	for (list<int>::iterator it = ilist.begin(); it != ilist.end(); it++)
	{
		cout << *it << ' ';
	}
	cout << endl;

	/*list<int>::iterator first = ilist.begin();
	list<int>::iterator last = ilist.end();
	ilist.erase(first, last);*/

	list<int>::iterator first = find(ilist.begin(), ilist.end(), 2);
	list<int>::iterator last = find(ilist.begin(), ilist.end(), 5);
	ilist.erase(first, last);

	for (list<int>::iterator it = ilist.begin(); it != ilist.end(); it++)
	{
		cout << *it << ' ';
	}
	cout << endl;

}

int main()
{
	//demo1();

	//demo2();

	//demo3_1();

	//demo3_2();

	//demo3_3();

	//demo3_4();

	//demo4_1();

	//demo4_2();

	system("pause");
	return 0;
}

今天还是20200308 今天很开心😁，大家节日快乐呀！