java--输入输出流-IO流

IO流用得到最多的是文件字节输入输出流，FileInputStream、FileOutputStream

public class IODemo {
	/**
	 * FileReader文件字符读取流
	 * 读取文件，一个字符一个字符的读
	 *效率低
	 */
	@Test
	public void testFileReader() {
		//一个个读
		FileReader fileReader=null;//外部定义，扩大范围
		try {
			fileReader=new FileReader("a.txt");
			//Returns:The character read, or -1 if the end of the stream has beenreached
			//返回读取的字符，到达流尾部返回-1
			int ch1=fileReader.read();
			System.out.println(ch1);//113
			System.out.println((char)ch1);//q
		} catch (FileNotFoundException e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
		} catch (IOException e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
		}finally {
			if (fileReader != null) {
				try {
					fileReader.close();
				} catch (IOException e) {
					e.printStackTrace();
				}
			} else {
				System.out.println("文件为空！");
			}
		}
	}
	
	@Test
	public void test2() {
		//while读所有
		FileReader fileReader=null;//外部定义，扩大范围
		try {
			fileReader=new FileReader("a.txt");
			int ch=-1;
			while ((ch=fileReader.read()) != -1) {//最后-1退出
				System.out.println(ch);//97
				System.out.println((char)ch);//a
			}
			
		} catch (FileNotFoundException e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
		} catch (IOException e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
		}finally {
			if (fileReader != null) {
				try {
					fileReader.close();
				} catch (IOException e) {
					e.printStackTrace();
				}
			} else {
				System.out.println("文件为空！");
			}
		}
	}
	
	/**
	 * 字符流  char[] buffer
	 */
	@Test
	public void test3() {
		//读所有--数组
				FileReader fileReader=null;//外部定义，扩大范围
				FileWriter fileWriter=null;
				try {
					fileReader=new FileReader("a.txt");
					fileWriter=new FileWriter("b.txt");
					char[] buffer=new char[10];
					int length=0;
					while ((length=fileReader.read(buffer)) != -1) {//一次读一个数组10个数，最后-1退出
						System.out.println(length);
						System.out.println(Arrays.toString(buffer));
						
						fileWriter.write(buffer, 0, length);//write(buffer,offset,length)数组、偏移量、长度
					}
				} catch (FileNotFoundException e) {
					e.printStackTrace();
				} catch (IOException e) {
					e.printStackTrace();
				}finally {
					if (fileReader != null) {//try中可能发生异常，所以要判断一下是否为空
						try {
							fileReader.close();
						} catch (IOException e) {
							e.printStackTrace();
						}
					} 
					if (fileWriter != null) {
						try {
							fileWriter.close();
						} catch (IOException e) {
							e.printStackTrace();
						}
					}
				}
	}
	
	/**
	 * 字节输入流  byte[] buffer
	 */
	@Test
	public void test4() {
		FileInputStream fileInputStream=null;
		FileOutputStream fileOutputStream=null;
		try {
			fileInputStream=new FileInputStream("a.jpg");
			fileOutputStream=new FileOutputStream("b.jpg");
			byte[] buffer=new byte[1024];
			int length=-1;
			while ((length=fileInputStream.read(buffer))!=-1) {
				fileOutputStream.write(buffer, 0, length);
			}
		} catch (FileNotFoundException e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
		} catch (IOException e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
		}finally {
			if (fileInputStream != null) {
				try {
					fileInputStream.close();
				} catch (IOException e) {
					e.printStackTrace();
				}
			}
			if (fileOutputStream != null) {
				try {
					fileOutputStream.close();
				} catch (IOException e) {
					e.printStackTrace();
				}
			}
		}
		
	}
	
	@Test
	/**
	 * 对象流   要实现序列化接口
	 * 写入文件，文件输出流，对象输出流
	 */
	public void test5() {
		Student student=new Student(1,"za", 13, "nan");
		FileOutputStream fileOutputStream=null;
		ObjectOutputStream objectOutputStream=null;
		try {
			fileOutputStream=new FileOutputStream("student.data");
			objectOutputStream=new ObjectOutputStream(fileOutputStream);
			objectOutputStream.writeObject(student);
		} catch (FileNotFoundException e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
		} catch (IOException e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
		}finally {
			if (objectOutputStream != null) {//不判断一下，try中异常的话此处会报空指针
				try {//A依赖于B，先关闭A
					objectOutputStream.close();
				} catch (IOException e) {
					e.printStackTrace();
				}
			}if (fileOutputStream != null) {
				try {
					fileOutputStream.close();
				} catch (IOException e) {
					e.printStackTrace();
				}
			}
		}
		
        System.out.println(student);		
	}
	
	@Test
	/**
	 * 对象输入流
	 * 文件输入流，读取文件
	 */
	public void test6() {
		FileInputStream fileInputStream=null;
		ObjectInputStream objectInputStream=null;
		try {
			fileInputStream=new FileInputStream("student.data");
			objectInputStream=new ObjectInputStream(fileInputStream);
			Student student=(Student)objectInputStream.readObject();
			System.out.println(student);
		} catch (FileNotFoundException e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
		} catch (IOException e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
		} catch (ClassNotFoundException e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
		}finally {
			if (objectInputStream !=null) {
				try {
					objectInputStream.close();
				} catch (IOException e) {
					e.printStackTrace();
				}
			}
			if (fileInputStream != null) {
				try {
					fileInputStream.close();
				} catch (IOException e) {
					e.printStackTrace();
				}
			}
		}
		
	}
}