SpringMVC入门

最新推荐文章于 2023-06-05 20:22:32 发布

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最新推荐文章于 2023-06-05 20:22:32 发布

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分类专栏： SpringMVC 文章标签： springmvc

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/qq_45722508/article/details/115488745

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创建maven项目

导入依赖

<dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>junit</groupId>
            <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
            <version>4.13</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
            <version>5.1.18.RELEASE</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
            <artifactId>servlet-api</artifactId>
            <version>2.5</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
            <artifactId>jsp-api</artifactId>
            <version>2.0</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
            <artifactId>jstl</artifactId>
            <version>1.2</version>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>

WEB-INF/jsp/test.jsp

<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %>
<html>
<head>
    <title>Title</title>
</head>
<body>
${msg}
</body>
</html>

使用配置

resources/springmvc-servlet.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
        https://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd">

    <!--处理映射器-->
    <bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.handler.BeanNameUrlHandlerMapping"></bean>

    <!--处理器适配器-->
    <bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.SimpleControllerHandlerAdapter"></bean>

    <!--视图解析器-->
    <bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver" id="internalResourceViewResolver">
        <!--前缀-->
        <property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/jsp/"></property>
        <!--后缀-->
        <property name="suffix" value=".jsp"></property>
    </bean>

</beans>

WEB-INF/web.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app xmlns="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_4_0.xsd"
         version="4.0">

    <servlet>
        <servlet-name>springmvc</servlet-name>
        <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
        <!--初始化参数 加载springmvc的配置文件-->
        <init-param>
            <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
            <param-value>classpath:springmvc-servlet.xml</param-value>
        </init-param>
        <!--设置启动优先级-->
        <load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
    </servlet>
	
	<!--/ 匹配所有请求,不包含.jsp-->
	<!--/ 匹配所有请求,包含.jsp-->
    <servlet-mapping>
        <servlet-name>springmvc</servlet-name>
        <url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
    </servlet-mapping>

</web-app>

HelloController

public class HelloController implements Controller {
    public ModelAndView handleRequest(HttpServletRequest httpServletRequest, HttpServletResponse httpServletResponse) throws Exception {
        ModelAndView modelAndView = new ModelAndView();

        //业务代码
        String result = "hello springmvc";

        //封装对象,放进model
        modelAndView.addObject("msg", result);
        //设置视图名
        modelAndView.setViewName("test");

        return modelAndView;
    }
}

把编写好的controller注入spring容器(springmvc-servlet.xml)

    <!--根据请求路径寻找对应的Controller-->
    <bean id="/hello" class="com.starry.HelloController"></bean>

配置tomcat启动项目
http://localhost:8080/hello
页面显示
hello springmvc
如果显示404可能是tomcat缺少项目运行时的lib依赖

使用注解

web.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app xmlns="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_4_0.xsd"
         version="4.0">

    <servlet>
        <servlet-name>springmvc</servlet-name>
        <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
        <init-param>
            <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
            <param-value>classpath:springmvc-servlet.xml</param-value>
        </init-param>
    </servlet>

    <servlet-mapping>
        <servlet-name>springmvc</servlet-name>
        <url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
    </servlet-mapping>
</web-app>

springmvc-servlet.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
       xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
        https://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
        https://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc
        https://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc.xsd

">

    <!--注解扫描-->
    <context:component-scan base-package="com.starry.controller"></context:component-scan>

    <!--让SpringMVC不处理静态资源-->
    <mvc:default-servlet-handler/>

    <!--mvc注解支持
    默认在spring容器中注册了DefaultAnnotationHandlerMapping和AnnotationMethodHandlerAdapter
    -->
    <mvc:annotation-driven/>

    <!--视图解析器-->
    <bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver" id="internalResourceViewResolver">
        <!--前缀-->
        <property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/jsp/"></property>
        <!--后缀-->
        <property name="suffix" value=".jsp"></property>
    </bean>
</beans>

Controller

@Controller
public class HelloController {

    @RequestMapping("hello")
    public String hello(Model model){
        //封装数据
        model.addAttribute("msg", "hello springmvc with annotation");
        //返回视图给视图解析器解析
        return "hello";
    }
}

@Controller加上这个注解,在spring容器初始化时会扫描到这个类
@RequestMapping(value)请求映射当请求地址为value时,就会执行对应的方法
返回值为String就是视图名,加上配置文件的前后缀所以这里是WEB-INF/jsp/hello.jsp

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SpringMVC入门

创建maven项目导入依赖<dependencies> <dependency> <groupId>junit</groupId> <artifactId>junit</artifactId> <version>4.13</version> </dependency> <d
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