掌纹识别python 预处理-提取ROI

掌纹识别python 预处理-提取ROI

本项目使用香港理工大学的掌纹公开库(v2)
参考资料：
https://zhuanlan.zhihu.com/p/365301097
https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/1227981

step1 Apply a lowpass filter

def low_Gaussian(Crop_img):
    """
    /2.2 Low-pass(Gaussian) Filter//
    //为了去除边界效应，滤波前我们将图像四周宽为7个像素的部分置为黑色背景
    """
    roi = Crop_img
    rows,cols=roi.shape
    crow,ccol=int(rows/2),int(cols/2)
    mask=np.zeros((rows,cols),np.uint8)
    mask[crow-(crow-7):crow+(crow-7),ccol-(ccol-7):ccol+(ccol-7)]=1
    roi = roi*mask
    processed = cv2.GaussianBlur(roi, (15, 15), 2,2)
    // threshold  Tp = 20
    a,Binary_img=threshold(processed, 20, 1, 0)
    #plt.imshow( Binary_img, cmap='binary')
    return Binary_img

Step 2,Step 3.Obtain the boundaries of the gaps ,Compute the tangent of the two gaps.

def GetPointTopandBottom(Binary_img):
    rows,cols=Binary_img.shape
	//b)Find Internal Reference Point
    for i in range(0,rows):
        for j in range(0,cols):
            if Binary_img[i][j] == 1:
                out_top=(j,i)
                GetOutofLoop


    for i in range(rows-1,0,-1):
        for j in range(0,cols):
            if Binary_img[i][j] == 1:
                Out_bottom=(j,i)
                GetOutofLoop
    gap_x=0

    for i in range(0,cols,1):
        gap_width = 0
        for j in range(0,rows):
            if Binary_img[j][i] == 0:
                gap_width+=1
        if gap_width < 200:
            gap_x = i
            GetOutofLoop
    In_top_x = gap_x
    In_bottom_x = gap_x
    In_top_y=0
    In_bottom_y=0
    center_y =int( rows / 2)
    for i in range(center_y,0,-1):
        if Binary_img[i,gap_x] == 1:
            In_top_y = i
            GetOutofLoop

    for i in range(center_y,rows):
         if Binary_img[i,gap_x] == 1:
             In_bottom_y = i
             GetOutofLoop
             
    In_top=(In_top_x,In_top_y)
    In_bottom=(In_bottom_x,In_bottom_y)
    return out_top,Out_bottom,In_top,In_bottom

事实上，二值图像中只有一个轮廓，也就是说contours只有一个。这里由于先前处理不好导致某些图像分裂，会出现多个contours的情况。在低通高斯滤波我们可以用去除噪声的方法对二值图像进行处理，就可以避免这种情况，删掉冗余的代码。

// boundary tracking
#//2.5.1 Find Contours//
def FindContours(Binary_img,Out_top,Out_bottom,In_top,In_bottom):
    Out_top_j = 0; Out_bottom_j = 0; In_top_j = 0;In_bottom_j = 0
    reference_point_num = 0
    contours, hierarchy=findContours(Binary_img,mode=cv2.RETR_EXTERNAL,method= cv2.CHAIN_APPROX_NONE )
    Contours=np.zeros(Binary_img.shape)
    for i in range(len(contours)):
        for j in range(0,len(contours[i])):
            if (contours[i][j][0] == Out_top).all():
                Out_top_j = j
                reference_point_num += 1
                #print("Out_top_j:",Out_top_j)
            if (contours[i][j][0] == Out_bottom).all():
                Out_bottom_j = j
                reference_point_num += 1
                #print("Out_top_j:",  Out_bottom_j )
            if (contours[i][j][0] == In_top).all():
                In_top_j = j
                reference_point_num += 1
               # print("Out_top_j:",   In_top_j)
            if (contours[i][j][0] == In_bottom).all():
                In_bottom_j=j
                reference_point_num += 1
                #print("Out_top_j:", In_bottom_j)
    assert reference_point_num==4
    Top_x = 0
    Bottom_x = 0
    Top_y_list = []
    Bottom_y_list = []

    for i in range(len(contours)):
        for j in range(Out_top_j,In_top_j,1):
            try:
                Contours[contours[i][j][0][1],contours[i][j][0][0]] = 1
            except:
                pass
        for j in range(In_bottom_j,Out_bottom_j,1):
            try:
                Contours[contours[i][j][0][1], contours[i][j][0][0]] = 1
            except:
                pass

    for i in range(len(contours)):
        for j in range(Out_top_j, In_top_j, 1):
            try:
                if contours[i][j][0][0] > Top_x:
                    Top_x = contours[i][j][0][0]
            except:
                pass
        for j in range(In_bottom_j, Out_bottom_j, 1):
            try:
                if contours[i][j][0][0] > Bottom_x:
                    Bottom_x = contours[i][j][0][0]
            except:
                pass

    for i in range(len(contours)):
        for j in range(Out_top_j, In_top_j, 1):
            try:
                if contours[i][j][0][0] == Top_x:
                    Top_y_list.append(contours[i][j][0][1])
            except:pass
        for j in range(In_bottom_j, Out_bottom_j, 1):
            try:
                if contours[i][j][0][0] == Bottom_x:
                    Bottom_y_list.append(contours[i][j][0][1])
            except:pass

    Top_y = np.mean(Top_y_list)
    Bottom_y = np.mean(Bottom_y_list)
    return [Top_x,Top_y],[Bottom_x,Bottom_y],Contours

Step 4,5. determine the origin of the coordinate system.Extract a subimage of a fixed size based on the coordinate system.

def GetROI(Top_point, Bottom_point,img):
    """
    //2.6 Build a Coordinate System on the Original Image//
    """
    Top_point[0]+=40
    Bottom_point[0]+=40
    //中垂线中心位置
    Origin_X =(Top_point[0]+Bottom_point[0])/2
    Origin_Y = (Top_point[1]+Bottom_point[1])/2
    Origin2d =(Origin_X,Origin_Y)
    // 斜率，即tan
    Slope_y_axis = (Top_point[1]-Bottom_point[1])/(Top_point[0]-Bottom_point[0])
    Slope_x_axis = -1 / Slope_y_axis
    angle = -atan(1 / Slope_y_axis) * (180 / math.pi)
    rot_mat = cv2.getRotationMatrix2D(Origin2d, angle, 1)
    // 按照斜率旋转 
    img_rotated_by_alpha = cv2.warpAffine(img , rot_mat, (img.shape[1], img.shape[0]),1,0)
    ROI = np.asarray(img)[int(Origin_Y - 128 / 2):int(Origin_Y - 128 / 2+128),int(Origin_X + 50):int(Origin_X + 50+128)]
    return ROI,[int(Origin_X + 50),int(Origin_X + 50+128),int(Origin_Y - 128 / 2),int(Origin_Y - 128 / 2+128)]