初学MyBatis及常见问题

第一个MyBatis小程序

思路：搭建环境——>导入MyBatis——>编写代码——>测试

1.1、搭建环境

搭建数据库

create database mybatis;
use mybatis;

create table `user`(
	`id` int(20) not null primary key auto_increment,
	`name` varchar(30) default null,
	`pwd` varchar(30) default null
)engine=innodb default charset=utf8;

select * from `user`;

insert into `user`(`id`,`name`,`pwd`) values
(1,'admin','123456'),
(2,'张三','13579'),
(3,'李四','02468');

新建项目

1. 新建一个普通的Maven项目

2. 删除src目录

3. 导入Maven依赖

   <!--    导入依赖-->
       <dependencies>
       <!--MySql驱动-->
           <dependency>
               <groupId>mysql</groupId>
               <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
               <version>8.0.25</version>
           </dependency>
       <!--MyBatis-->
           <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.mybatis/mybatis -->
           <dependency>
               <groupId>org.mybatis</groupId>
               <artifactId>mybatis</artifactId>
               <version>3.5.7</version>
           </dependency>
           <!--junit-->
           <dependency>
               <groupId>junit</groupId>
               <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
               <version>4.11</version>
               <scope>test</scope>
           </dependency>
       </dependencies>
   
       <properties>
           <maven.compiler.source>8</maven.compiler.source>
           <maven.compiler.target>8</maven.compiler.target>
       </properties>
   
      <!--在build中配置resources,来防止我们资源导出失败问题-->
       <build>
           <resources>
               <resource>
                   <directory>src/main/resources</directory>
                   <includes>
                       <include>**/*.properties</include>
                       <include>**/*.xml</include>
                   </includes>
                   <filtering>true</filtering>
               </resource>
               <resource>
                   <directory>src/main/java</directory>
                   <includes>
                       <include>**/*.properties</include>
                       <include>**/*.xml</include>
                   </includes>
                   <filtering>true</filtering>
               </resource>
           </resources>
       </build>
   

1.2、创建一个模块

• 编写MyBatis的核心配置文件

  <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
  <!DOCTYPE configuration
          PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Config 3.0//EN"
          "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-config.dtd">
  <configuration>
      <environments default="development">
          <environment id="development">
              <transactionManager type="JDBC"/>
              <dataSource type="POOLED">
                  <property name="driver" value="com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driver"/>
                  <property name="url" value="jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/mybatis?useUnicode=true&amp;characterEncoding=utf8&amp;serverTimezone=GMT%2B8&amp;useSSL=false"/>
                  <property name="username" value="root"/>
                  <property name="password" value="000000"/>
              </dataSource>
          </environment>
      </environments>
      <mappers>
          <mapper resource="cn/edu/dao/UserMapper.xml"/>
      </mappers>
  </configuration>
  

• 编写MyBatis工具类

  public class MyBatisUtils {
  
      private static SqlSessionFactory sqlSessionFactory;
  
      static {
          try {
              //使用MyBatis第一步：获取sqlSessionFactory对象
              String resource = "mybatis-config.xml";
              InputStream inputStream = Resources.getResourceAsStream(resource);
              sqlSessionFactory = new SqlSessionFactoryBuilder().build(inputStream);
          } catch (IOException e) {
              e.printStackTrace();
          }
      }
  
      public static SqlSession getSqlSession(){
          return sqlSessionFactory.openSession();
      }
  
  }
  
  

1.3、编写代码

• 实体类
  与数据库字段相对应

• Dao接口

  public interface UserDao {
      List<User> getUserList();
  }
  

• 接口实现类

  <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
  <!DOCTYPE mapper
          PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN"
          "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd">
  <!--namespace：绑定一个对应的Dao/Mapper接口-->
  <mapper namespace="cn.edu.dao.UserDao">
      <select id="getUserList" resultType="cn.edu.pojo.User">
          select * from mybatis.user
      </select>
  </mapper>
  

1.4、测试

• Junit测试

public class UserDaoTest {
    @Test
    public void test(){
        //第一步：获取SqlSession对象
        SqlSession sqlSession = MyBatisUtils.getSqlSession();

        UserDao mapper = sqlSession.getMapper(UserDao.class);
        List<User> userList = mapper.getUserList();

        for (User user : userList) {
            System.out.println(user);
        }

        sqlSession.close();
    }
}

可能会遇到的问题：

1. 配置文件没有注册
2. 绑定接口错误
3. 方法名不对
4. 返回类型不对
5. Maven导出资源问题

注意点（常见问题）：

1. org.apache.ibatis.binding.BindingException: Type interface cn.edu.dao.UserDao is not known to the MapperRegistry.
   核心配置文件中没有注册Mapper
   

2. Could not find resource cn/edu/dao/UserMapper.xml

在pom.xml文件中配置
```xml`

<build>
    <resources>
        <resource>
            <directory>src/main/resources</directory>
            <includes>
                <include>**/*.properties</include>
                <include>**/*.xml</include>
            </includes>
            <filtering>true</filtering>
        </resource>
        <resource>
            <directory>src/main/java</directory>
            <includes>
                <include>**/*.properties</include>
                <include>**/*.xml</include>
            </includes>
            <filtering>true</filtering>
        </resource>
    </resources>
</build>

测试结果：