指针

#include <stdio.h>

/*
指针:就是地址
    &变量名:获取改变量的地址,"&"取地址符
	int *p;定义一个整型指针(地址)变量
	*p:解引用,间接访问符
	指针的大小: 在32位平台(win32,x86)4字节;在64位平台(x64,arm64)8字节   考试重点
	
	结论:一个函数想要修改另一个函数的变量值,必须传指针和解引用.  非常重要
	数组和指针的转换
	*(arr+i) == arr[i]
	p[i] == *(p+i)    建议:数组或者指向数组开头的指针,都通过下标访问更好理解
	
*/
//野指针:悬挂指针,没有访问权限的地址
int main()
{
	int *p = (int *)2000;//野指针
	//printf("%d\n",p+1);//
	*p = 50;//崩溃
	printf("%d\n",*p);

	return 0;
}

/*
void Fun(int **p)
{
	//p = NULL;
	*p = NULL;
}

//用二级指针
//NULL:空指针,无效指针,不能解引用
int main()
{
	int a = 10;
	int *p = &a;
	//p = NULL;
	Fun(&p);
	printf("%d\n",*p);//1.为什么不崩溃,2,怎么改

	return 0;
}
*/

/*
int main()
{
	//int a;
	//scanf("%d",&a);
	int arr[10] = {1,2,3,4,5,6,7};
	int *p = arr;
	printf("%d,%d\n",arr[3],*(arr+3));
	printf("%d,%d\n",p[3],*(p+3));
	p = &arr[3];
	printf("%d\n",p[-1]);//*(p-1)

	return 0;
}
*/

/*
//交换两个数的值
void Swap_err1(int a,int b)//没有传指针,只是值传递
{
	int tmp = a;
	a = b;
	b = tmp;
}

void Swap_err2(int *p1,int *p2)//没有解引用
{
	int *tmp = p1;
	p1 = p2;
	p2 = tmp;
}

void Swap_err3(int *p1,int *p2)//野指针
{
	int *tmp;//野指针
	*tmp = *p1;//崩溃
	*p1 = *p2;
	*p2 = *tmp;
}

void Swap(int *p1,int *p2)
{
	int tmp = *p1;
	*p1 = *p2;
	*p2 = tmp;
}

int main()
{
	int a = 10;
	int b = 20;
	Swap(&a,&b);
	printf("%d,%d\n",a,b);

	int *p = NULL;//

	return 0;
}
*/

/*
//指针大小
int main()
{
	printf("%d\n",sizeof(char *));
	printf("%d\n",sizeof(short *));
	printf("%d\n",sizeof(int *));
	printf("%d\n",sizeof(long long *));
	printf("%d\n",sizeof(double *));
	printf("%d\n",sizeof(char ****));

	return 0;
}
*/
//数组和指针的转换
	//*(arr+i) == arr[i]
	//p[i] == *(p+i)    建议:数组或者指向数组开头的指针,都通过下标访问更好理解
/*
int main()
{
	int a = 10;
	int b = 20;
	int *p = &a;
	*p = 100;//a = 100;
	p = &b;
	*p = 200;//b = 200;
	&p;//int a,&a->int *  ;int *p,&p->int * *
	int **pp = &p;
	*pp = &a;//p = &a;
	**pp = 1000;//a = 1000;
	*pp = &b;
	**pp = 2000;

	return 0;
}
*/