Spring配置数据源

1.1 数据源的作用

• 数据源时提高程序性能出现的
• 实现实例化数据源，初始化部分链接资源
• 使用连接源时从数据源中获取
• 使用完毕后将连接源归还给数据源

常见的数据源：DBCP、C3P0、BoneCP、Druid等

1.2 数据源的手动创建

代码块

	@Test
    //测试手动创建 c3p0 数据源

    public void test1() throws PropertyVetoException, SQLException {
        ComboPooledDataSource dataSource = new ComboPooledDataSource();
        dataSource.setDriverClass("com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driver");
        dataSource.setJdbcUrl("jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/bank?useSSL=false&allowPublicKeyRetrieval=true&serverTimezone=UTC");
        dataSource.setUser("root");
        dataSource.setPassword("123456");
        Connection connection = dataSource.getConnection();
        System.out.println(connection);
        connection.close();
    }
    @Test
    //测试手动创建 druid 数据源

    public void test2() throws PropertyVetoException, SQLException {
        DruidDataSource druidDataSource = new DruidDataSource();
        druidDataSource.setDriverClassName("com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driver");
        druidDataSource.setUrl("jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/bank?useSSL=false&allowPublicKeyRetrieval=true&serverTimezone=UTC");
        druidDataSource.setUsername("root");
        druidDataSource.setPassword("123456");
        DruidPooledConnection connection = druidDataSource.getConnection();
        System.out.println(connection);
        connection.close();
    }

    @Test
    //测试手动创建 c3p0 数据源(加载配置文件形式)


    public void test3() throws PropertyVetoException, SQLException {
        //读取配置文件
        ResourceBundle resourceBundle = ResourceBundle.getBundle("jdbc");
        String driver = resourceBundle.getString("jdbc.driver");
        String url = resourceBundle.getString("jdbc.url");
        String username = resourceBundle.getString("jdbc.username");
        String password = resourceBundle.getString("jdbc.password");
        ComboPooledDataSource dataSource = new ComboPooledDataSource();
        dataSource.setDriverClass(driver);
        dataSource.setJdbcUrl(url);
        dataSource.setUser(username);
        dataSource.setPassword(password);
        Connection connection = dataSource.getConnection();
        System.out.println(connection);
        connection.close();
    }

配置文件

	jdbc.driver=com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driver
	jdbc.url=jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/bank?	useSSL=false&allowPublicKeyRetrieval=true&serverTimezone=UTC
	jdbc.username=root
	jdbc.password=123456`

1.3 Spring配置数据源

可以将DataSource的创建权交由Spring容器去完成

代码块

	@Test
    //测试Spring容器产生数据源对象


    public void test4() throws PropertyVetoException, SQLException {
        ApplicationContext applicationContext = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("applicationContext.xml");
        DataSource dataSource = applicationContext.getBean(DataSource.class);
        Connection connection = dataSource.getConnection();
        System.out.println("connection = " + connection);
        connection.close();
    }

pom.xml

		<dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-context</artifactId>
            <version>5.2.7.RELEASE</version>
        </dependency>

applicationContext.xml

	<bean id="dataSource" class="com.mchange.v2.c3p0.ComboPooledDataSource">
        <property name="driverClass" value="com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driver"></property>
        <property name="jdbcUrl" value="jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/bank?useSSL=false&amp;allowPublicKeyRetrieval=true&amp;serverTimezone=UTC"></property>
        <property name="user" value="root"></property>
        <property name="password" value="123456"></property>
    </bean>

1.4 抽取jdbc配置文件

applicationContext.xml加载jdbc.properties配置文件获得连接信息。

首先，需要引入context命名空间和约束路径：

• 命名空间：xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
• 约束路径：xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd">

加载外部的配置文件

	<!--加载外部的配置文件-->
    <context:property-placeholder location="classpath:jdbc.properties"></context:property-placeholder>
    <bean id="dataSource" class="com.mchange.v2.c3p0.ComboPooledDataSource">
        <property name="driverClass" value="${jdbc.driver}"></property>
        <property name="jdbcUrl" value="${jdbc.url}"></property>
        <property name="user" value="${jdbc.username}"></property>
        <property name="password" value="${jdbc.password}"></property>
    </bean>