反转字符串系列

344. 反转字符串

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思路：双指针+两数交换

class Solution {
    public void reverseString(char[] s) {
        int len = s.length-1;
        for(int i=0; i < s.length /2 ;i ++) {
            char tmp = s[i];
            s[i] = s[len - i];
            s[len - i] = tmp;
        }
    }
}

541. 反转字符串 II

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思路：字符串转数组toCharArray()，字符交换(两数交换)。

class Solution {
    public String reverseStr(String s, int k) {
        char[] ch = s.toCharArray();
        int len = ch.length;
        int j = 0;
        while (2*k <= len) {
            reverse(ch,j,j+k-1);
            j= j + 2*k;
            len-=2*k;
        }     
        if(len >0 && len < k) {
            reverse(ch,ch.length-len,ch.length-1);
        }
        if(len >= k) {
            reverse(ch,ch.length-len,ch.length-len+k-1);
        }
        return new String(ch);
    }
    //局部反转，控制好反转的起始和结束位置即可。
    public void reverse(char[] ch,int start,int end){
        while(start<=end){
            char tmp = ch[start];
            ch[start] = ch[end];
            ch[end] = tmp;
            start++;
            end--;
        }
        //while 比for容易写，也好理解
        // for(int i = start; i <= (start+end)/2; i++){
        //     char tmp = ch[i];
        //     ch[i] = ch[end-i+start];
        //     ch[end-i+start] = tmp;
        // }
    }
}

557. 反转字符串中的单词 III

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思路一：逆序遍历 即可反转

//String 操作
class Solution {
    public String reverseWords(String s) {
        String ans = "";
        String word="";
        int len = s.length();
        for(int i = len - 1; i >= 0; i--) {
            if(s.charAt(i) ==' '){
                ans = " " + word + ans;//拼接单词时从前往后拼接
                word = "";
            } else {
                word =  word + s.charAt(i);//从后往拼接
            }        
         }
         ans = word + ans;//第一个单词拼接
         return ans;
    }
}
//改进：使用StringBuilder
class Solution {
    public String reverseWords(String s) {
        StringBuilder s1 = new StringBuilder(s);
        s1.reverse();
        s = s1.toString();
        StringBuilder s2 = new StringBuilder();
        String[] arr = s.split(" ");
        for(int i = arr.length -1;i>0;i--){
            s2.append(arr[i]).append(" ");
        }
        s2.append(arr[0]);
        return s2.toString();
    }
}

思路：局部反转–双指针，局部字符串反转，反转每个单词，只需控制好每个单词对应的起始和末尾下标

class Solution {
    public String reverseWords(String s) {
        char[] ch = s.toCharArray();
        int start =0;
        for(int i = 0; i < ch.length ;i++) {
            if(ch[i] == ' ') {
                reverse(ch,start,i-1);
                start = i + 1;
            }
        }
        //最后一个单词
        reverse(ch,start,ch.length-1);
        return new String(ch);
    }
    // 局部反转--双指针
    public void reverse(char[] ch, int start, int end) {
        while(start < end) {
            char tmp = ch[start];
            ch[start] = ch[end];
            ch[end] = tmp;
            start++;
            end--;
        }
    }
}