JavaScript基础19.数组方法、类数组

19.1数组方法

concat

var arr1 = ['a', 'b', 'c'];
console.log(arr1);
var arr2 = ['d', 'e', 'f'];
console.log(arr2);
var arr3 = arr1.concat(arr2);
console.log(arr3);
//['a', 'b', 'c', 'd', 'e', 'f']

toString

var arr = ['a', 'b', 'c', 'd', 'e', 'f'];
console.log(arr);
//a,b,c,d,e,f

slice

var arr = ['a', 'b', 'c', 'd', 'e', 'f'];
var arr1 = arr.slice();
console.log(arr1);
//['a', 'b', 'c', 'd', 'e', 'f']
var arr2 = arr.slice(1);
//['b', 'c', 'd', 'e', 'f']
var arr3 = arr.slice(1, 3);
//['b', 'c']
var arr4 = arr.slice(-3, -1);
//['b', 'c']

join/split

split把字符串变数组

var arr = ['a', 'b', 'c', 'd'];
var str1 = arr.join();
console.log(str1);//a,b,c,d
var str2 = arr.join('');
console.log(str2);//abcd
var str3 = str2.split('');
console.log(str3);//['a', 'b', 'c', 'd']
var str4 = str2.split('', 3);
console.log(str4);//['a', 'b', 'c']

19.2类数组

function test(){
  console.log(arguments);
}
test(1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6);

arguments等类数组没有继承Array.prototype
其实是类似数组的对象

对象继承Array.protoype.splice,变成数组格式
浅紫：系统内置
深紫：用户添加

var arr = [1, 2, 3, 4, 5];
console.log(arr);

面试题

 var obj = {
   '2': 3,
   '3': 4,
   'length': 2,
   'splice': Array.prototype.splice,
   'push': Array.prototype.push
 }

obj.push(1);
obj.push(2);
console.log(obj);

19.3应用

数组原型上写一个去重方法

var arr = [0,0,1,1,2,2,3,4,5,3,6,'a','a']
Array.prototype.unique = function(){
  var obj = {}, 
    arr = [];
  for(var i = 0; i < this.length; i++){
    var item = this[i];
    if(!obj.hasOwnProperty(item)){
      obj[item] = item;
      arr.push(item);
    }
  }
  return arr;
}
arr.unique();

字符串去重

var str = '1111222000aabb';
String.prototype.unique = function(){
  var obj = {}, 
    newStr = '';
  for(var i = 0; i < this.length; i++){
    var item = this[i];
    if(!obj.hasOwnProperty(item)) {
      obj[item] = item;
      newStr += item;
    }
  }
  return newStr;
}
str.unique();

封装typeof方法，可以返回 undefined, boolean, number, string, null, function
提示：typeof 可以返回的直接返回，
Object.prototype.toString.call() -> [object Object] [object Array] [object Number] [object Boolean] [object String]

function myTypeof(val){
  var type = typeof(val);
  var toStr = Object.prototype.toString;
  var res = {
    '[object Object]': 'object',
    '[object Array]': 'array',
    '[object Number]': 'object number', 
    '[object Boolean]': 'object boolean',
    '[object String]': 'object string'
  }
  if(val === null) {
    return 'null';
  }
  if(type !== 'object'){
    return type;
  }
  var ret = toStr.call(val); // 判断引用值的类型
  return res[ret];
}
console.log(myTypeof(true));
console.log(myTypeof(1));
console.log(myTypeof(new Number()));
console.log(myTypeof(null));
console.log(myTypeof(undefined));
console.log(myTypeof([]));
console.log(myTypeof({}));
console.log(myTypeof(''));