Filter过滤器，注解形式

Filter

filter在web组件中负责拦截客户端对于服务器任何(1:已存在资源 2:未存在资源)资源的访问, 拦截以后根据定义的规则判断是否需要放行!

生命周期

package com.javakc.web1.filter;

import javax.servlet.*;
import java.io.IOException;

//生命周期
public class CustomFilter implements Filter {
    @Override
    public void init(FilterConfig filterConfig) throws ServletException {
        System.out.println("初始化");
    }

    @Override
    public void doFilter(ServletRequest servletRequest, ServletResponse servletResponse, FilterChain filterChain) throws IOException, ServletException {
        System.out.println("拦截");
    }

    @Override
    public void destroy() {
        System.out.println("销毁");
    }
}

web.xml

    <!--拦截-->
    <filter>
        <filter-name>CustomFilter</filter-name>
        <filter-class>com.javakc.web1.filter.CustomFilter</filter-class>
    </filter>
    <filter-mapping>
        <filter-name>CustomFilter</filter-name>
        <!--拦截指定的路径-->
        <!--<url-pattern>/user.do</url-pattern>-->
        <!--拦截指定的后缀-->
        <!--<url-pattern>*.do</url-pattern>-->
        <!--拦截所有请求-->
        <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
    </filter-mapping>

单个过滤器方法

重定向方法

package com.javakc.web1.filter;

import javax.servlet.*;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import java.io.IOException;

//单个过滤器方法
public class CustomFilter1 implements Filter {
    @Override
    public void doFilter(ServletRequest servletRequest, ServletResponse servletResponse, FilterChain filterChain) throws IOException, ServletException {
        //获取到HttpServletRequest
        HttpServletRequest request = (HttpServletRequest) servletRequest;
        //获取到HttpServletResponse
        HttpServletResponse response = (HttpServletResponse) servletResponse;
        //获取客户端当前访问的资源
        String uri = request.getRequestURI();
        
        //重定向方法
        if (uri.contains("/login.html")) {
            //通知过滤器链放行
            filterChain.doFilter(servletRequest, servletResponse);
        } else {
            response.sendRedirect(request.getContextPath() + "/login.html");
        }
    }
}

多个过滤器

package com.javakc.web1.filter;

import javax.servlet.*;
import java.io.IOException;

//多个过滤器
public class CustomFilter2 implements Filter {
    @Override
    public void doFilter(ServletRequest servletRequest, ServletResponse servletResponse, FilterChain filterChain) throws IOException, ServletException {
        System.out.println("CustomFilter2 before");
        //通知过滤器链放行
        filterChain.doFilter(servletRequest, servletResponse);
        System.out.println("CustomFilter2 after");
    }
}

package com.javakc.web1.filter;

import javax.servlet.*;
import java.io.IOException;

public class CustomFilter3 implements Filter {
    @Override
    public void doFilter(ServletRequest servletRequest, ServletResponse servletResponse, FilterChain filterChain) throws IOException, ServletException {
        System.out.println("CustomFilter3 before");
        //通知过滤器链放行
        filterChain.doFilter(servletRequest, servletResponse);
        System.out.println("CustomFilter3 after");
    }
}

package com.javakc.web1.filter;

import javax.servlet.*;
import java.io.IOException;
//多个过滤器

public class CustomFilter4 implements Filter {
    @Override
    public void doFilter(ServletRequest servletRequest, ServletResponse servletResponse, FilterChain filterChain) throws IOException, ServletException {
        System.out.println("CustomFilter4 before");
        //通知过滤器链放行
        filterChain.doFilter(servletRequest, servletResponse);
        System.out.println("CustomFilter4 after");
    }
}

web.xml

    <!--多个拦截-->
    <filter>
        <filter-name>CustomFilter2</filter-name>
        <filter-class>com.javakc.web1.filter.CustomFilter2</filter-class>
    </filter>
    <filter>
        <filter-name>CustomFilter3</filter-name>
        <filter-class>com.javakc.web1.filter.CustomFilter3</filter-class>
    </filter>
    <filter>
        <filter-name>CustomFilter4</filter-name>
        <filter-class>com.javakc.web1.filter.CustomFilter4</filter-class>
    </filter>
    <!--决定拦截顺序-->
    <filter-mapping>
        <filter-name>CustomFilter2</filter-name>
        <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
    </filter-mapping>
    <filter-mapping>
        <filter-name>CustomFilter3</filter-name>
        <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
    </filter-mapping>
    <filter-mapping>
        <filter-name>CustomFilter4</filter-name>
        <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
    </filter-mapping>

运行结果:
CustomFilter2 before
CustomFilter3 before
CustomFilter4 before
CustomFilter4 after
CustomFilter3 after
CustomFilter2 after

含有多个过滤器的分发器

package com.javakc.web1.user;

import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import java.io.IOException;

//分发器重定向
public class UserServlet8 extends HttpServlet {
    @Override
    protected void service(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
        //分发器跳转页面
        request.getRequestDispatcher("/success.html").forward(request, response);
    }
}

运行结果:
CustomFilter2 before
CustomFilter3 before
CustomFilter4 before
CustomFilter4 after
CustomFilter3 after
CustomFilter2 after

含有多个过滤器的重定向

package com.javakc.web1.user;

import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import java.io.IOException;

//分发器重定向
public class UserServlet8 extends HttpServlet {
    @Override
    protected void service(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
        //重定向跳转
        response.sendRedirect(request.getContextPath() + "/success1.html");
    }
}

CustomFilter2 before
CustomFilter3 before
CustomFilter4 before
CustomFilter4 after
CustomFilter3 after
CustomFilter2 after
CustomFilter2 before
CustomFilter3 before
CustomFilter4 before
CustomFilter4 after
CustomFilter3 after
CustomFilter2 after

注解

servlet
@WebServlet(
        name = "UserServlet",
        urlPatterns = "/user.do",
        loadOnStartup = 0,
        initParams = {
                @WebInitParam(
                        name = "username",
                        value = "administrator"
                ),
                @WebInitParam(
                        name = "password",
                        value = "123456"
                )
        }
)

Filter

单个urlPatterns 
@WebFilter(
        filterName = "CustomFilter1",
        urlPatterns = "/*"
)

多个urlPatterns 
@WebFilter(
        filterName = "CustomFilter1",
        urlPatterns = {
                "*.js", "*.html"
        }
)

多个过滤器顺序:按照类名排序