四大函数式接口

函数式接口：一个接口中只包含一个方法，例如Runnable和Callable接口，分别只有一个run()和call()。

Consumer ：消费型接口

只有输入，没有返回

package com.ys.function;

import java.util.function.Consumer;

public class Demo3 {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
//        Consumer<String> consumer = new Consumer<String>() {
//            @Override
//            public void accept(String s) {
//                System.out.println(s);
//            }
//        };
        Consumer<String> consumer = (str)->{
            System.out.println("zhangsan");
        };

        consumer.accept("dadas");


    }
}

Function:函数型接口

查看Function接口的源码：

/*
 * Copyright (c) 2010, 2013, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
 * ORACLE PROPRIETARY/CONFIDENTIAL. Use is subject to license terms.
 *
 *
 *
 *
 *
 *
 *
 *
 *
 *
 *
 *
 *
 *
 *
 *
 *
 *
 *
 *
 */
package java.util.function;

import java.util.Objects;

/**
 * Represents a function that accepts one argument and produces a result.
 *
 * <p>This is a <a href="package-summary.html">functional interface</a>
 * whose functional method is {@link #apply(Object)}.
 *
 * @param <T> the type of the input to the function
 * @param <R> the type of the result of the function
 *
 * @since 1.8
 */
@FunctionalInterface
public interface Function<T, R> {

    /**
     * Applies this function to the given argument.
     *
     * @param t the function argument
     * @return the function result
     */
    R apply(T t);

    /**
     * Returns a composed function that first applies the {@code before}
     * function to its input, and then applies this function to the result.
     * If evaluation of either function throws an exception, it is relayed to
     * the caller of the composed function.
     *
     * @param <V> the type of input to the {@code before} function, and to the
     *           composed function
     * @param before the function to apply before this function is applied
     * @return a composed function that first applies the {@code before}
     * function and then applies this function
     * @throws NullPointerException if before is null
     *
     * @see #andThen(Function)
     */
    default <V> Function<V, R> compose(Function<? super V, ? extends T> before) {
        Objects.requireNonNull(before);
        return (V v) -> apply(before.apply(v));
    }

    /**
     * Returns a composed function that first applies this function to
     * its input, and then applies the {@code after} function to the result.
     * If evaluation of either function throws an exception, it is relayed to
     * the caller of the composed function.
     *
     * @param <V> the type of output of the {@code after} function, and of the
     *           composed function
     * @param after the function to apply after this function is applied
     * @return a composed function that first applies this function and then
     * applies the {@code after} function
     * @throws NullPointerException if after is null
     *
     * @see #compose(Function)
     */
    default <V> Function<T, V> andThen(Function<? super R, ? extends V> after) {
        Objects.requireNonNull(after);
        return (T t) -> after.apply(apply(t));
    }

    /**
     * Returns a function that always returns its input argument.
     *
     * @param <T> the type of the input and output objects to the function
     * @return a function that always returns its input argument
     */
    static <T> Function<T, T> identity() {
        return t -> t;
    }
}

只有一个方法：apply。Function接口有两个参数，传入T和R，通过apply方法传入T,返回R。
测试代码：

package com.ys.function;

import java.util.function.Function;

public class Demo1 {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        Function<String, String> function = new Function<String,String>() {
            @Override
            public String apply(String o) {
                return o;
            }
        };

        System.out.println(function.apply("张三"));
    }
}

当然函数式接口可以采用lambda表达式的方式去编写。

package com.ys.function;

import java.util.function.Function;

public class Demo1 {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        Function<String, String> function = (string)->{
            return string;
        };

        System.out.println(function.apply("张三"));
    }
}

Supplier ：供给型接口

没有参数，但是有返回值

package com.ys.function;

import java.util.function.Supplier;

public class Demo4 {

    public static void main(String[] args) {
//        Supplier<String> supplier = new Supplier<String>() {
//            @Override
//            public String get() {
//                return "zhangsan";
//            }
//        };

        Supplier<String> supplier =()->{
          return "张三";
        };

        System.out.println(supplier.get());


    }
}

Predicate 断定型接口，有一个参数，返回值只能是布尔值。

可以用来判断字符串是否为空：
改用lambda表达式的方式改写：

package com.ys.function;

import java.util.function.Predicate;

public class Demo2 {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
//        Predicate<String> predicate = new Predicate<String>() {
//            @Override
//            public boolean test(String str) {
//                return false;
//            }
//        };
        Predicate<String> predicate = (str)->{ return str.isEmpty(); };

        System.out.println(predicate.test("zhangsan"));


    }
}

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总结：那么函数式接口的目的是什么？
主要是简化编程模型。在框架中使用比较多。
函数式接口使用的注解是 @FunctionalInterface